Articles · Vol. 18 No. 1 (2014): African Sociological Review · Pages 91 - 111

Deprivation, HIV and AIDS in Northern Uganda

Vol. 18 · 2014 No. 1 African Sociological Review ASR

Abstract

This study focuses on HIV infection within the context of poverty and deprivation. The study used both quantitative and qualitative methods from a stratified random sample of 98 respondents, Key Informant Interviews and six Focus Group discussions, to investigate risk of HIV infection in Paimol Internally Displaced People’s camp in Pader district, Uganda between 2008 and 2009. This district in Northern Uganda was characterised by war and insecurity physical aggression, deprivation, hunger and family separation, among others, for over twenty years. The Study shows that in spite of the relatively high levels of HIV/AIDS awareness, some people are at risk to HIV infection as a result of these. Significantly, with resettlement after the war, most people are still deprived of basic source of livelihood, which still continues as a factor in the spread of HIV infection.

Keywords

HIV & AIDS Deprivation Susceptibility, Vulnerability Deaths IDP camps Northen Uganda Paimol Pader

Statistics

Abstract views
524
Downloads
65

Citations

0 citations

Google Scholar

Citations counted by OpenAlex, an open index of scholarly literature, updated weekly. Google Scholar may count more.

References

  1. ActionAid Uganda. 2005. HIV/AIDS, Gender and Conflict: Bridging the Gap in Access to Services. Kampala: ActionAid Offices.
  2. Akello, Jacqueline Kevin. 2006. Effects of War and Insecurity on Marital Values: the Case of Internally Displaced Persons in Pabbo Camp, Gulu District. MA Sociology Dissertation. Makerere University, Department of Sociology.
  3. Asiimwe, Agnes. 2006. “Innocent Children Trapped in Prositution”. The weekly Observer: Women and Men, August 31-September 4, 2006. Kampala: The Weekly Observer Publications.
  4. Atekyereza, Peter. 2011. Changing Family Life in Uganda: Analysis of Family Forms and Functions among selected Ethnic Groups. Saarbrüken, Germany: Lambert Academic Publishing
  5. Atekyereza, R. Peter. and Kirumira, K.Edward. 2004. “The Impact of the AIDS Epidemic on Families and Family Coping Strategies in Uganda”. Research Review Supplement 15 on Gendered Family Dynamics and Health: African Family Studies in a Globalising World. Institute of African Studies, University of Ghana Legon.
  6. Avert. 2005. Resource-poor Communities: HIV/AIDS Treatment and Care. Website http://www.avert.org/hivcare.htm
  7. Avert. 2007. HIV/AIDS in Uganda. Website http://www.avert.org
  8. Barnett, Tom and Whiteside, Allan. 1999. HIV/AIDS and Development: Case Studies and Conceptual Framework. European Journal of Development Research 11(2): 200-234
  9. Decosas, J. and Adrien, A. 1997. Migration and HIV, AIDS, 11
  10. Farmer. 1999. Infections and Inequalities: The Modern Plagues. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  11. Fountain Publishers. 2007. Uganda Districts Information Handbook. Kampala: Fountain Publishers .
  12. Gillespie, Stuart and Kadiyala, Suneetha. 2005. HIV/AIDS and Food and Nutrition Security: From Evidence to Action. Food Policy Review 7. Washington DC.: International Food Policy Research Institute
  13. Gillespie, Stuart, Ed. 2006. AIDS, Poverty and Hunger: Challenges and Responses. Highlights of the
  14. International Conference on HIV/AIDS and Food and Nutrition Security, Durban, South Africa 14-16, 2005. Washington, D.C.: International Food Policy Research Institute.
  15. Karugaba,M.2007.Northern Girls Prefer AIDSto Hunger.The New Vision of 28 September 2007. Available at http://allafrica.com/stories/printable/200709280038.html
  16. Kasasira, R. 2007. IDPs sell Sex at 200/=. The Daily Monitor of September 28, 2007. Available at: http://www.monitor.co.ug/news/news09283.php
  17. Kirungi, C.T and Ntozi, J.P. 1997. “Socio-Economic Determinants of HIV Serostatus: A Study of Rakai District, Uganda.” Health Trans Rev 7(Suppl):175-188.
  18. Lurie M. N; Williams BG; Zuma K; Mkaya-Mwamburi D; Garnett GP; Sweat MD; Gittelsohn J; Karim SS. .2003. Who infects whom? HIV-1 concordance and discordance among migrant and non-migrant couples in South Africa. AIDS. 17: 2245-2252.
  19. Loevinsohn, M. & Gillespie, S. 2003. HIV/AIDS, Food Security and Rural Livelihoods: Understanding and Responding, RENEWAL Working Paper No 2 (available at www.isnar.org/renewal/publications.htm)
  20. Loevinsohn, M.,Tadele,G.& Atekyereza, P.2012. Livelihoods and Economic Strengthening in communities Confronting HIV and AIDS: An Exploratory Study in Uganda and Ethiopia. The Hague: STOP AIDS NOW!, February 2012
  21. Marcus, Altfield and Bruce D. Walker. “Acute HIV-1 Infection.” HIV Medicine. June 2005. Website: http://www.hivmedicine.com/textbook/acuteinf.htm.
  22. Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development (MFPED). 2012. Poverty Status Report: Reducing vulnerability, equalising opportunities and transforming livelihoods. Kampala: Economic Development Policy and Research Department, MFPED.
  23. Uganda Ministry of Health and ICF International 2012. 2011 Uganda AIDS Indicator Survey: Key Findings. Calverton, Maryland, USA: MOH and ICF International. Ministry of Health (MoH) Uganda and ORC Macro. 2006. Uganda HIV/AIDS Sero-
  24. Behavioural Survey 2004/05. Calverton, Maryland, USA: Ministry of Health and ORC Macro.
  25. Ministry of Health (MoH). 2003. Antiretroviral Treatment Policy for Uganda. Kampala, Ministry of Health.
  26. Neema, Stella, Fatima H. Ahmed, Richard Kibombo and Akinirinola Bankole. 2006. Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health in Uganda: Results from the 2004 National Survey of Adolescents. Occasional Report No. 25. New York: Guttmacher Institute.
  27. Ntozi, James P.M. “Widowhood, remarriage and migration during the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Uganda”.
  28. Health Transition Review, supplement to Volume 7, 1997, 124 - 144 pp. The National University Canberra, Australia.
  29. Nzita, R. and Mbaga, N. 1997. Peoples and Cultures of Uganda, 3rd Ed. Kampala: Fountain Publishers Ltd.
  30. Panagides, Dora, Rick Graciano, Peter Atekyereza, Lilia Gerberg and Mickey Chopra. 2007. A Review of Nutrition and Food Security Approaches in HIV and AIDS programmes in Eastern and Southern Africa. EQUINET/MRC Discussion Paper No. 48. Harare, Cape Town: EQUINET, MRC
  31. Republic of Uganda/Uganda AIDS Commission. (UAC). 2006. Accelerating HIV Prvention: The roadmap towards Universal Access to HIV Prevention in Uganda. Kampala: Uganda AIDS Commission
  32. Savage, K., Petty, C. & Acidri, J. 2008. Livelihoods in Crisis: A Longitudinal Study in Pader, Uganda. Year Two Update. A Working Paper, November 2008. London: Humanitarian Policy Group, Evidence for Development and Overseas Development International.
  33. Shafer L. A, Biraro S, Nakiyingi-Miiro, J., Kamali, A., Ssematimba, D., Ouma, J., Ojwiya, A., Hughes, P., Van der Paal, L., Whitworth, J., Opio, A. and Grosskurth, H. 2008. HIV prevalence and incidence are no longer falling in southwest Uganda: evidence from a rural population cohort 1989–2005. AIDS: 20 August 2008 - Volume 22 - Issue 13 - p 1641–1649, doi:10.1097/QAD.0b013e32830a7502
  34. Swart-Kruger, J. and Richter, L.M. “AIDS-related Knowledge, attitudes and Behaviour among South African Street Youth: Reflections on Power, Sexuality and the Autonomous Self ”. Social Science and Medicine, 1997, 45(6): 957-966
  35. Stanecki, K.A and Way, P.O. 1996. The Dynamics of HIV/AIDS Pandemic. In Mann, J. M. and Tarantola, D.J.M. (Eds). AIDS in the World II: Global Dimensions, Social Roots and Responses. New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 41-56
  36. Stillwaggon, E. (2002). HIV/AIDS in Africa: Fertile Terrain. Journal of Development Studies Vol. 38 (6), 1-22.
  37. Uganda AIDS Commission (UAC). 2005. Women, Girls, HIV and AIDS Uganda AIDS Campaign. Kampala: Uganda AIDS Commission
  38. Uganda AIDS Commission (UAC). 2006. Accelerating HIV Prevention in Uganda: The Road towards Universal Access. Drivers of the HIV/AIDS Epidemic and effectiveness of Prevention Interventions in Uganda. Kampala: Uganda AIDS Commission
  39. Uganda AIDS Commission (UAC). 2007. The HIV/AIDS Response in Uganda: The National Mainstreaming Agenda Presentation by Rose Mwesigwa Kindyomunda to the IUCEA/AMREF Meeting at Speke Resort Munyonyo, August 15th 2007
  40. Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) and International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI). 2004.
  41. Where are the Poor? Mapping Patterns of Well-Being in Uganda. Kampala, Nairobi: UBOS and ILRI Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS). 2005. The 2002 Uganda Population and Housing Census – Main Report. March 2005. Kampala, Uganda
  42. Uganda Bureau of Statistics and ORC Macro. 2006. Uganda Demographic and Health Survey 2004-2005: Preliminary Report. Calverton, Maryland, USA: UBOS and ORC Macro.
  43. Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS). 2010. Uganda National Household Survey 2009/10: Socio-economic Module-Abridged Report. Kampala: Uganda Bureau of Statistics.
  44. Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS). 2012. Uganda Demographic and Health Survey 2011: A Preliminary Report. Kampala: Uganda Bureau of Statistics and ICF International.
  45. Uganda Ministry of Health and ICF International (2012) 2011 Uganda AIDS Indicator Survey: Key Findings. Calverton, Maryland, USA: MOH and ICF International.
  46. UNAIDS. 2005. Global Epidemic Update 2005. Geneva: UNAIDS.
  47. UNAIDS. 2006a. HIV Infection Rate Stable for the First Time Ever. General Science May 30, 2006 at Http://www.physorg.com/news68218326.html
  48. UNAIDS. 2006b. AIDS Epidemic Update: Special Report on HIV/AIDS, December 2006. Geneva: Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) and World Health Organisation (WHO).
  49. UNAIDS. 2008. The 2006 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic, August 2008. Geneva: UNAIDS
  50. UNAIDS. 2012. UNAIDS Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic. Geneva: UNAIDS United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA). 2006. Northern Uganda Briefing Paper – May 2006. Downloaded on 15/08/2007 from the Website http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/dbc.nsf/doc104?OpenForm&rc=1&cc=uga
  51. USAID FEWSNET-Uganda & UN World Food Programme. 2005. Uganda Food Security Warning: Food insecurity continues, no signals to end of war in Northern Uganda: Gulu, Kitgum, Lira and Pader districts. Kampala: USAID and UN WFP.
  52. WFP. 2004a. HIV/AIDS Documentary Video. UN World Food Programme
  53. WFP. 2004b. HIV/AIDS and Nutrition: Food in the Fight against AIDS. Rome: UN World Food Programme Whiteside, A. Hickey, A. Ngcobo, N & Tomlinson, J. 2003. What is driving the HIV/ AIDS epidemic in Swaziland and what more can we do about it? Report prepared for the National Emergency Response Council on HIV/AIDS (NERCHA) and United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), Mbabane, Swaziland.
  54. Yiga, Stuart. 2012. “Army Officers Break Our Virginity, Gang-rape Us – K’jongs”. The Red Pepper Thursday, May 03, 2012. Kampala: http://redpepper.co.ug/ welcome/?p=35997
  55. Zuma, K. Gouws, E, Williams, B and Lurie, M. 2003. Risk Factors for HIV infection among women in Carletonville, South Africa: Migration, Demography and Sexually Transmitted Diseases. International Journal of STDs and AIDS 14 (12): 814-817.

In this issue

Vol. 18 No. 1 (2014): African Sociological Review →