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Articles · Vol. 21 No. 1 (2017): African Sociological Review · Pages 154-175
Employment status, medical support and Income as significant factors in Access to Essential Medicines
- DOI https://doi.org/10.57054/asr.v21i1.3869
- Published 2017-04-19
- 22 pages
Abstract
Poor affordability (as a constraint to access to essential medicine) or lack of capacity to pay for
essential medicines has been associated more often with unemployed persons or low-income
earners. Even though there is a growing body of work on access to essential medicines in Nigeria,
no study has been conducted to determine the extent to which affordability varies across and
within social groups. Using six variables, this paper examines factors that have an impact on
essential medicine in Nassarawa state, Nigeria. It asks the question: in what ways does the
ability to purchase medicines depend on income, perceived unreasonable burden, age, gender,
medical aid and employment status? 1000 subjects who utilized primary healthcare facility
were randomly selected for the study. A standardized questionnaire was used to determine how
the burden of purchasing essential medicines varied across employment and income groups. Out
of the 1000 subjects, 640 were females; 360 males with a mean age of 37.4 and a response rate
of 90%.
Results: Two factors: ‘employment status and perceived unreasonable burden’ were significant
predictors of affordability (F (6,993) = 260.052092, P =.05, R2 = .611, employment status= P
<0.03 and burden= P <0.03). There was evidence to support that an individual’s employment
status has an effect on their ability to pay for essential medicine or treatment. There were
significant differences in affordability between individuals who had full time paid employment
and those who were either self-employed or without a fulltime paid employment, if all factors
are constant. Affordability coefficient increased by .35 for each income unit. In addition, there
were significant differences that bothered on the type of employment (paid employment vs selfemployed,
part time vs fulltime), membership of a medical aid and the number of people in the
household (Cohen’s d = (333.3 - 660) ⁄ 350.4283 = 0.932288.)
Conclusion: “Affordability” or the ability to pay for treatment, varied across and within
employment groups (status), an indication that greater access to essential medicine was found
to be correlated with fulltime paid employment and medical aid.
Employment status, medical support and Income as significant factors in Access to Essential Medicines
La mauvaise accessibilité financière (comme contrainte d’accès à la médecine essentielle) ou le manque de capacité de payer les médicaments essentiels a été associé plus souvent aux chômeurs
ou aux personnes à faible revenu. Bien qu’il existe un nombre croissant de travail sur l’accès aux
médicaments essentiels au Nigéria, aucune étude n’a été menée pour déterminer dans quelle mesure
l’abordabilité varie d’un groupe à l’autre et au sein des groupes sociaux. En utilisant six
variables, cet article examine les facteurs qui ont un impact sur la médecine essentielle dans
l’État de Nassarawa, au Nigéria. Il pose la question: de quelle manière la capacité d’acheter des
médicaments dépend-elle du revenu, du fardeau déraisonnable perçu, de l’âge, du sexe, de l’aide
médicale et de l’emploi? 1000 sujets qui ont utilisé l’établissement de soins de santé primaires
ont été sélectionnés au hasard pour l’étude. Un questionnaire standardisé a été utilisé pour
déterminer comment le fardeau de l’achat de médicaments essentiels variait selon les groupes
d’emploi et de revenu. Sur 1000 sujets, 640 étaient des femelles; 360 hommes avec un âge moyen de
37,4 et un taux de réponse de 90%.
Résultats: Deux facteurs: «état de l’emploi et fardeau déraisonnable perçu» étaient des prédicteurs
significatifs de l’abordabilité (F (6,993) = 260,052092, P = 0,05, R2 = 0,611, statut de l’emploi =
P <0,03 et charge = P <0,03). Il y avait des preuves à l’appui que le statut d’un individu a un
effet sur sa capacité à payer des médicaments essentiels ou un traitement. Il y avait des
différences significatives dans l’abordabilité entre les personnes ayant un emploi à plein temps et
celles qui travaillaient à leur compte ou n’avaient pas d’emploi rémunéré à plein temps, si tous
les facteurs étaient constants. Le coefficient d’abordabilité a augmenté de 0,35 pour chaque unité
de revenu. En outre, il y avait des différences importantes qui gênaient le type d’emploi (emploi
rémunéré contre travailleur autonome, temps partiel et temps plein), adhésion à une aide médicale
et le nombre de personnes dans le ménage (Cohen’s d = (333,3 - 660) / 350.4283 = 0.932288.)
Conclusion: «L’abordabilité» ou la capacité de payer pour le traitement, ont varié d’un groupe à
l’autre et au sein des groupes d’emploi (statut), ce qui indique qu’un meilleur accè cine
essentielle était corrélée avec l’emploi rémunéré à plein temps et l’aide médicale.
Keywords
malaria medicine affordability income differentials access essential medicines employment status and Nassarawa state
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