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Articles · Vol. 12 No. 2 (2011): Identity, Culture and Politics: An Afro - Asian dialogue

The ’Universal’ in science as a Dilemma for scholarship in Africa

Vol. 12 · 2011 No. 2 Identity, Culture and Politics: An Afro - Asian dialogue ICP

Abstract

The dominant of western knowledge in the understanding of the complexion of the social reality in Africa is widely acknowledged. The attempt at a corrective to this perverse dominance has seen the increasing acceptance in the social sciences, in particular sociology, that there is at least two different realms of knowledge to be gained – scientific and non-scientific both of which are generally considered to characterize western knowledge and non-western knowledge respectively and how, to a different extent, we relate ourselves to our world intimately connected to these realms. The idea that there are realms of knowledge somehow poses a problem of the relation of knowledge to relevance where the concern is primarily with the relevance of knowledge gained in the quest for understanding our world for some kind of social action. The problem of knowledge to relevance becomes the problem of the ‘universal’. This paper argues that this is the dilemma for African social science. It steps a back into the history of western thought to point to the enduring nature of the ‘tools’ of understanding that scholars of Africa (Africans and Europeans) use to make sense of the African context as part of the dilemma.

The ’Universal’ in science as a Dilemma for scholarship in Africa

L’universel dans les sciences, un dilemme pour la recherché en Afrique
La domination de la science occidentale dans la compréhension des réalités sociales en Afrique est largement reconnue. Les tentatives de contrebalancer cette domination perverse ont poussé les sciences sociales en particulier la sociologie, à progressivement admettre qu’il y a au moins deux domaines différents de la connaissance - scientifique et non scientifique. Ceux ci sont généralement pris en considération pour caractériser savoir occidental et connaissances non occidentales. L’idée qu’il existe des domaines de la connaissance pose en quelque sorte le problème de la relation entre la connaissance et la pertinence pour laquelle la préoccupation est avant tout de la pertinence des connaissances acquises dans la quête de la compréhension de notre monde pour l’action sociale. Ce problème de la différenciation entre connaissance et pertinence est celui de «l’universel». Cet article soutient que tel est le dilemme pour les sciences sociales en Afrique. Il revient sur l’histoire de la pensée occidentale pour mettre en avant le caractère durable des ‘outils’ de compréhension que les savants de l’Afrique (Africains et Européens) utilisent pour donner un sens au contexte africain dans le cadre de ce dilemme.

Keywords

Universal science Dilemma scholarship Africa

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