5 - Thinking Through the Crisis of Democratisation in Kenya: A Response to Adar and Murunga
African Sociological Review,
Vol. 4 No. 2 (2000): African Sociological Review
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- Adar, K.G. (2000) 'The Internal and External Contexts of Human Rights Practice in Kenya: Daniel Arap Moi's Operational Code', African Sociological Review, 4,1, pp.74-97
- Africa Watch, (1991) Kenya: Taking Liberties, London.
- Ajulu, R., (1992) 'Kenya: The Road to Democracy', Review of African Political Econ omy, no. 53.
- Ajulu, R., (1993) 'The 1992 Kenya General; Elections; A preliminary Survey', Review of African Political Economy, no 56.
- Ajulu, R., (1995) 'The Left and the Question of Democratic Transition in Kenya: A Reply to Mwakenya', Review of African Political Economy, no 64.
- Ajulu, R, &R. Fox, (1995) 'The 1992 Kenya Multi-Party general Election', Centre for Democratisation Studies, Politics Department, Leeds University.
- Ajulu, R., (1997) 'Kenya's 1992 Elections and its Implications for the Democratisation Processes in Sub-Saharan Africa'. Foundation for Global Dialogue Occasional Paper no. 9, Johannesburg.
- Ajulu, R., (1998) Kenya's Democracy Experiment: The 1997 Elections', Review of African Political Economy, no. 76, pp 275-285.
- Ajulu, R., (1998) 'Kenya; The Post-Election Scenario', in South African Yearbook of International Affairs 1998/99, Johannesburg.
- Ajulu, R., (1999) 'Kenya: The Survival of the Old Order', in Southall and Szeftel (eds) Democratic Transition in Africa: Elections and Politics in Contemporary Africa. Amnesty International, (1987) Kenya: Torture, Political Detention and Unfair Trial, London
- Barkan, J.D. (1993) 'Kenya: Lessons From a Flawed Election' ,Journal of Democracy, 4.3.
- Barkan, J & M. Chege, (1989) 'Decentralising the State: District Focus and the Politics of Reallocation in Kenya', Journal of Modern African Studies, vol 27, no. 2.
- Barkan, J., & F. Holmquist (1989) 'Peasant State relations and the Social Basis of Self help in Kenya', World Politics, vol. 41 no. 3.
- Bates, R., (1989) Beyond the Miracle of the Market: The Political Economy of Agrarian Development
- in Kenya, Cambridge University Press.
- Bennett, G, and C. G. Rosberg., (1961) The Kenyatta Election: Kenya 1960- 1961, Oxford University Press.
- Berry, S., (1993) 'Understanding Agricultural Policy in Africa: The Contributions of Robert Bates', World Development, vol. 21, no. 6.
- Cheche Kenya (1982) (ln)dependent Kenya, Zed Press, London.
- Cowen, M. K. Kinyanjui 'Some Problems of Class formation in Kenya', IDS, Nairobi University.
- Fox, R., (1991) Ethnic Distribution in Colonial and Post-Colonial Kenya, Human Research Council, Pretoria.
- Fox, R., 'Ethnic Distribution and Electoral Performance in Post-Colonial Kenya', Fox, R., (1995a) 'Kenya: The Politics of Place', in T. Unwin (ed.) Atlas of World Development, Institute of British Geographers.
- Fox, R., (1995b) Population Atlas of Kenya, Department of Geography, Rhodes Uni versity.
- Gertzel, C. J, M. Goldsmith and D. Rothchild (1969) Government and Politics in Kenya, East African Publishing House, Nairobi.
- Gibbon, P (1995) (ed.) Markets, Civil Society and Democracy in Kenya, Nordiska Afrikainstitutet, Uppsala.
- Kanyinga, K., (1994) 'Ethnicity, Patronage and Class in Local Arena: High and Low Politics in Kiambu, Kenya, 1982-92' in P. Gibbon (ed.) The New Local Politics in East Africa, Research Report no 95, Scandanavian Institute of African Studies, Uppsala.
- Kariuki, J., (1996) 'Paramoia: Anatomy ofa Dictatorship in Kenya', Journal of Con temporary African Studies, 14,1, 1996.
- Leys, C (1975) Underdevelopment In Kenya: The Political Economy of Colonialism, Heinemann, London.
- Mamdani, M., (1996) Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the legacy of Late Colonialism, David Philips and James Curry, Cape Town and London.
- Mueller, S., (1984) 'Government and Opposition in Kenya, 1966-1969', Journal of Modern African Studies, 22, 3, pp 399-427.
- Muigai, G., (1995) 'Ethnicity and the Renewal of Competitive Politics in Kenya' in Glickman (ed.)
- Ethnic Conflict and Democratisation in Africa, The African Studies Association Press, Atlanta, Georgia.
- Murunga, G.R., (2000) 'Civil Society and the democratic Experience in Kenya', African Sociological Review, 4,1, pp. 97 - 118.
- Ngunyi, M., (1993) 'Forces Conditioning the Transition to Multi-party Politics in Kenya: Building Democracy in a Polarised Civil Society', in P. Gibbon, op. cit.
- Njonjo, a, (1977) 'The Africanisation of the "White Highlands: A Study in Agrarian Class Struggles in Kenya"', Unpublished PhD thesis, Princeton University.
- Nyong'o, P.A., (1989) 'State and Society in Kenya: The Disintegration of the Nation alist Coalition and the Rise of Presidential Authoritarianism, 1963-78', African Affairs, 88, 351, pp. 229-51.
- Odinga, J. 0., (1966) Not Yet Uhuru, Heinemann, London.
- Ogot, B. A. & W .R. Ochieng eds. (1995) Decolonisation and Independence in Kenya, 1940-1993, James Curry, East African Educational publishers & Ohio University Press, London, Nairobi & Athens.
- Ochieng, W.R., (1995) 'The Kenyatta Era: Structural and political Changes', in Ogot and Ochieng, (eds.) Decolonization and Political Independence in Kenya.
- Oyugi, W (1997) 'Ethnicity in the Electoral Process: The 1992 General Elections in Kenya', African Journal of Political Science, 2,1, pp 41-69.
- Southall, R., (1999) 'The Dilemmas of Kenya's Succession'. mimeo, Department of Political Studies, Rhodes University.
- Szeftel, M., (2000) 'Clientelism, Corruption and Catastrophe', Review of African Political Economy, 85, 27, pp 427-441.
- Throup, D., (1989) 'The Construction and Deconstruction of the Kenyan State', in M. Schartzberg (ed) The Political Economy of Kenya, Praeger, New York.
- Throup, D., (1993) 'Elections and Political Legitimacy in Kenya', Africa, vol. 63, no.3.
- Throup, D., & C. Homsby(l998)Multi-PartyPolitics in Kenya, James Curry, Oxford. Widner, J., (1992)
- The Rise of Party State in Kenya: From Harambee to Nyayo, University of California Press.
References
Adar, K.G. (2000) 'The Internal and External Contexts of Human Rights Practice in Kenya: Daniel Arap Moi's Operational Code', African Sociological Review, 4,1, pp.74-97
Africa Watch, (1991) Kenya: Taking Liberties, London.
Ajulu, R., (1992) 'Kenya: The Road to Democracy', Review of African Political Econ omy, no. 53.
Ajulu, R., (1993) 'The 1992 Kenya General; Elections; A preliminary Survey', Review of African Political Economy, no 56.
Ajulu, R., (1995) 'The Left and the Question of Democratic Transition in Kenya: A Reply to Mwakenya', Review of African Political Economy, no 64.
Ajulu, R, &R. Fox, (1995) 'The 1992 Kenya Multi-Party general Election', Centre for Democratisation Studies, Politics Department, Leeds University.
Ajulu, R., (1997) 'Kenya's 1992 Elections and its Implications for the Democratisation Processes in Sub-Saharan Africa'. Foundation for Global Dialogue Occasional Paper no. 9, Johannesburg.
Ajulu, R., (1998) Kenya's Democracy Experiment: The 1997 Elections', Review of African Political Economy, no. 76, pp 275-285.
Ajulu, R., (1998) 'Kenya; The Post-Election Scenario', in South African Yearbook of International Affairs 1998/99, Johannesburg.
Ajulu, R., (1999) 'Kenya: The Survival of the Old Order', in Southall and Szeftel (eds) Democratic Transition in Africa: Elections and Politics in Contemporary Africa. Amnesty International, (1987) Kenya: Torture, Political Detention and Unfair Trial, London
Barkan, J.D. (1993) 'Kenya: Lessons From a Flawed Election' ,Journal of Democracy, 4.3.
Barkan, J & M. Chege, (1989) 'Decentralising the State: District Focus and the Politics of Reallocation in Kenya', Journal of Modern African Studies, vol 27, no. 2.
Barkan, J., & F. Holmquist (1989) 'Peasant State relations and the Social Basis of Self help in Kenya', World Politics, vol. 41 no. 3.
Bates, R., (1989) Beyond the Miracle of the Market: The Political Economy of Agrarian Development
in Kenya, Cambridge University Press.
Bennett, G, and C. G. Rosberg., (1961) The Kenyatta Election: Kenya 1960- 1961, Oxford University Press.
Berry, S., (1993) 'Understanding Agricultural Policy in Africa: The Contributions of Robert Bates', World Development, vol. 21, no. 6.
Cheche Kenya (1982) (ln)dependent Kenya, Zed Press, London.
Cowen, M. K. Kinyanjui 'Some Problems of Class formation in Kenya', IDS, Nairobi University.
Fox, R., (1991) Ethnic Distribution in Colonial and Post-Colonial Kenya, Human Research Council, Pretoria.
Fox, R., 'Ethnic Distribution and Electoral Performance in Post-Colonial Kenya', Fox, R., (1995a) 'Kenya: The Politics of Place', in T. Unwin (ed.) Atlas of World Development, Institute of British Geographers.
Fox, R., (1995b) Population Atlas of Kenya, Department of Geography, Rhodes Uni versity.
Gertzel, C. J, M. Goldsmith and D. Rothchild (1969) Government and Politics in Kenya, East African Publishing House, Nairobi.
Gibbon, P (1995) (ed.) Markets, Civil Society and Democracy in Kenya, Nordiska Afrikainstitutet, Uppsala.
Kanyinga, K., (1994) 'Ethnicity, Patronage and Class in Local Arena: High and Low Politics in Kiambu, Kenya, 1982-92' in P. Gibbon (ed.) The New Local Politics in East Africa, Research Report no 95, Scandanavian Institute of African Studies, Uppsala.
Kariuki, J., (1996) 'Paramoia: Anatomy ofa Dictatorship in Kenya', Journal of Con temporary African Studies, 14,1, 1996.
Leys, C (1975) Underdevelopment In Kenya: The Political Economy of Colonialism, Heinemann, London.
Mamdani, M., (1996) Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the legacy of Late Colonialism, David Philips and James Curry, Cape Town and London.
Mueller, S., (1984) 'Government and Opposition in Kenya, 1966-1969', Journal of Modern African Studies, 22, 3, pp 399-427.
Muigai, G., (1995) 'Ethnicity and the Renewal of Competitive Politics in Kenya' in Glickman (ed.)
Ethnic Conflict and Democratisation in Africa, The African Studies Association Press, Atlanta, Georgia.
Murunga, G.R., (2000) 'Civil Society and the democratic Experience in Kenya', African Sociological Review, 4,1, pp. 97 - 118.
Ngunyi, M., (1993) 'Forces Conditioning the Transition to Multi-party Politics in Kenya: Building Democracy in a Polarised Civil Society', in P. Gibbon, op. cit.
Njonjo, a, (1977) 'The Africanisation of the "White Highlands: A Study in Agrarian Class Struggles in Kenya"', Unpublished PhD thesis, Princeton University.
Nyong'o, P.A., (1989) 'State and Society in Kenya: The Disintegration of the Nation alist Coalition and the Rise of Presidential Authoritarianism, 1963-78', African Affairs, 88, 351, pp. 229-51.
Odinga, J. 0., (1966) Not Yet Uhuru, Heinemann, London.
Ogot, B. A. & W .R. Ochieng eds. (1995) Decolonisation and Independence in Kenya, 1940-1993, James Curry, East African Educational publishers & Ohio University Press, London, Nairobi & Athens.
Ochieng, W.R., (1995) 'The Kenyatta Era: Structural and political Changes', in Ogot and Ochieng, (eds.) Decolonization and Political Independence in Kenya.
Oyugi, W (1997) 'Ethnicity in the Electoral Process: The 1992 General Elections in Kenya', African Journal of Political Science, 2,1, pp 41-69.
Southall, R., (1999) 'The Dilemmas of Kenya's Succession'. mimeo, Department of Political Studies, Rhodes University.
Szeftel, M., (2000) 'Clientelism, Corruption and Catastrophe', Review of African Political Economy, 85, 27, pp 427-441.
Throup, D., (1989) 'The Construction and Deconstruction of the Kenyan State', in M. Schartzberg (ed) The Political Economy of Kenya, Praeger, New York.
Throup, D., (1993) 'Elections and Political Legitimacy in Kenya', Africa, vol. 63, no.3.
Throup, D., & C. Homsby(l998)Multi-PartyPolitics in Kenya, James Curry, Oxford. Widner, J., (1992)
The Rise of Party State in Kenya: From Harambee to Nyayo, University of California Press.