3 - Quelques dilemmes de la prévention et de l'adaptation au VIH/SIDA dans un village de Zambie
Corresponding Author(s) : C. Bawa Yamba
Revue africaine de sociologie,
Vol. 8 No 1 (2004): Revue africaine de sociologie
Résumé
L'article examine les activités des chercheurs d'un projet multidisciplinaire sur le VIH/sida projet de prévention en milieu rural africain. Comme la plupart des projets de promotion de la santé, il impliquait d'essayer de transmettre des connaissances supérieures sur la façon d'empêcher les gens de mourir du sida. Il s'appuie sur une ethnographie couvrant plus d'une décennie de prévention du VIH/SIDA en Zambie pour montrer certains des problèmes inhérents aux projets appliqués qui ne problématisent pas l'idée même de renforcement des capacités qui vise à donner aux populations locales les moyens de faire face à leurs propres problèmes. On soutient que que ces chercheurs devraient réfléchir à des questions telles que ce que cela implique de dire que les gens font face (ou font face) à une situation donnée de stress et d'incertitude ; si cela signifie qu'un tel
les gens puisent dans une gamme de ressources pour contrer l'impact de la situation, ou dérivent simplement avec l'inévitable et sont ainsi capables d'en réduire l'impact ; et quel genre de connaissance est internalisable afin de faire croire à ses destinataires qu'il est prudent d'agir conformément à ses préceptes. On soutient que les spécialistes des sciences sociales travaillant dans le domaine de la prévention du VIH/SIDA devraient examiner ces types de hypothèses sous-jacentes dans leur travail, sinon ils finissent par créer une incertitude accrue et laissant les personnes qu'ils étudient plus vulnérables qu'auparavant. Des exemples tirés du projet sont pour illustrer ces questions, pour conclure par quelques points provisoires sur les raisons pour lesquelles il est nécessaire de être modeste quant à savoir ce qui est le mieux pour les autres, en particulier en matière de prévention du VIH/SIDA.
Télécharger la référence bibliographique
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)BibTeX
- Ahlberg, Beth May. 1994. 'Is there a Distinct African Sexuality?: A Critieal Response to Caldwell', Africa, vol. 64, no. 2, pp. 220-242.
- Bond, V. A. 1998. 'Household Capacity and "Coping Up" in Rural Zambia: Dealing with AIDS, other lllnesses and Adversity in Chiawa', Unpublished Ph.D Dissertation, Hull University.
- Bond, V. and S. Wallman. 1993. Report on the 1991 Survey ofHouseholds in Chiawa, Community Capacity to Prevent, Manage and Survive HIVIAJDS, IHCARJHull/IAS, Working Paper 5. Bond, V., M. M. Macwang'i, and P. Ndubani. 1993.
- Report on a Survey of Migrant Labour Camps in Chiawa. Community Capacity to Prevent, Manage and Survive HIVIAIDS, IHCAR/Hull/IAS, Working Paper 6. Caldwell, John C., Pat Caldwell, and Pat Quiggin. 1989. 'The Social Context of AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa', Population and Development Review, vol. 15, no. 2, pp.185-234.
- Caldwell, John C., I. O. Orubuloye, and Pat Caldwell. 1992. 'Underreaction to AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa', Social Science and Medicine, vol. 34, no.11, pp.1169-1182.
- Dover, Paul. 1995. "'I want to Play with a Woman": Gender Relations, Sexuality and Reproductive Health in Rural Zambia: Report from a Minor Field Study', University Department of Social Anthropology, Stockholm. Heald, Suzette. 1995.
- 'The Power of Sex: Sorne Reflections on the Caldwell' s "African Sexuality" Thesis', Africa, vol. 65, no. 4, pp. 489-505.
- Hunt, C. W. 1989. 'Migrant Labor and Sexually Transmitted Disease: AJDS in Africa', Journal ofHealth and Social Behaviour, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 353-73.
- Lancaster, C. S. 1974. 'Brideservice, Residence and Authority among the Goba (N. Shona) of the Zambezi Valley', Africa, vol. 44, no.l, pp 46-64.
- Lancaster, Chet S. 1981. The Goba of the Zambezi: Sex Roles, Economies, and Change, First ed., Norman, University of Oklahoma Press.
- Leavey, C. 1989. 'Cash-Cropping and Social Organisation: The Case of the Goba of the Zambezi in a Comparative Framework', BA Dissertation, Anthropology Department, University of Cambridge. Schoepf, B. G. 1991. 'Ethical, Methodological and Political Issues of AIDS Research in Central Africa', Social Science and Medicine, vol. 33, no. 7, pp. 749-763.
- Schoepf, B. G.2001. 'International AIDS Research in Anthropology: Taking a Critical Perspective on the Crisis' ,AnnualReviewof Anthropology, vol. 30,pp. 335-361.
- Sîankanga, Z., C. Chela, B. Baîley, and R. Mwilu. 1991.
- 'Home Based Care for HIV lnfected Individuals in a Rural Zambian Community: A Four Year Experience of Integrated AIDS Management', The Salvation Army Chikankata Hospital, Mazabuka, Southern Province, Zambia. Wall man, S. 1985.
- 'Rules ofThurnb', Advocacy and Anthropology: First Encounters, Edited by R. Paine, St. John's, Institute of Social and Economie Research, Memorial University of Newfoundland, pp 1-13. W allman,
- S., K. Kalumba, K., L. Sachs, and N. Krantz. 1990. 'Community Capacity to Prevent, Manage and Survive HlV/AlDS in Africa', IHCAR/Hull/IAS.
- WHO. 2003. Academic Mode! United Nations 2003, Topic Area, HIV/AIDS, Geneva, World Health Organisation.
- Yamba, C. Bawa. 1997. 'Cosmologies in Turmoil: AIDS and Witchfinding in Chiawa, Zambia',Africa, vol. 67, no. 2, pp. 183-209.
Les références
Ahlberg, Beth May. 1994. 'Is there a Distinct African Sexuality?: A Critieal Response to Caldwell', Africa, vol. 64, no. 2, pp. 220-242.
Bond, V. A. 1998. 'Household Capacity and "Coping Up" in Rural Zambia: Dealing with AIDS, other lllnesses and Adversity in Chiawa', Unpublished Ph.D Dissertation, Hull University.
Bond, V. and S. Wallman. 1993. Report on the 1991 Survey ofHouseholds in Chiawa, Community Capacity to Prevent, Manage and Survive HIVIAJDS, IHCARJHull/IAS, Working Paper 5. Bond, V., M. M. Macwang'i, and P. Ndubani. 1993.
Report on a Survey of Migrant Labour Camps in Chiawa. Community Capacity to Prevent, Manage and Survive HIVIAIDS, IHCAR/Hull/IAS, Working Paper 6. Caldwell, John C., Pat Caldwell, and Pat Quiggin. 1989. 'The Social Context of AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa', Population and Development Review, vol. 15, no. 2, pp.185-234.
Caldwell, John C., I. O. Orubuloye, and Pat Caldwell. 1992. 'Underreaction to AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa', Social Science and Medicine, vol. 34, no.11, pp.1169-1182.
Dover, Paul. 1995. "'I want to Play with a Woman": Gender Relations, Sexuality and Reproductive Health in Rural Zambia: Report from a Minor Field Study', University Department of Social Anthropology, Stockholm. Heald, Suzette. 1995.
'The Power of Sex: Sorne Reflections on the Caldwell' s "African Sexuality" Thesis', Africa, vol. 65, no. 4, pp. 489-505.
Hunt, C. W. 1989. 'Migrant Labor and Sexually Transmitted Disease: AJDS in Africa', Journal ofHealth and Social Behaviour, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 353-73.
Lancaster, C. S. 1974. 'Brideservice, Residence and Authority among the Goba (N. Shona) of the Zambezi Valley', Africa, vol. 44, no.l, pp 46-64.
Lancaster, Chet S. 1981. The Goba of the Zambezi: Sex Roles, Economies, and Change, First ed., Norman, University of Oklahoma Press.
Leavey, C. 1989. 'Cash-Cropping and Social Organisation: The Case of the Goba of the Zambezi in a Comparative Framework', BA Dissertation, Anthropology Department, University of Cambridge. Schoepf, B. G. 1991. 'Ethical, Methodological and Political Issues of AIDS Research in Central Africa', Social Science and Medicine, vol. 33, no. 7, pp. 749-763.
Schoepf, B. G.2001. 'International AIDS Research in Anthropology: Taking a Critical Perspective on the Crisis' ,AnnualReviewof Anthropology, vol. 30,pp. 335-361.
Sîankanga, Z., C. Chela, B. Baîley, and R. Mwilu. 1991.
'Home Based Care for HIV lnfected Individuals in a Rural Zambian Community: A Four Year Experience of Integrated AIDS Management', The Salvation Army Chikankata Hospital, Mazabuka, Southern Province, Zambia. Wall man, S. 1985.
'Rules ofThurnb', Advocacy and Anthropology: First Encounters, Edited by R. Paine, St. John's, Institute of Social and Economie Research, Memorial University of Newfoundland, pp 1-13. W allman,
S., K. Kalumba, K., L. Sachs, and N. Krantz. 1990. 'Community Capacity to Prevent, Manage and Survive HlV/AlDS in Africa', IHCAR/Hull/IAS.
WHO. 2003. Academic Mode! United Nations 2003, Topic Area, HIV/AIDS, Geneva, World Health Organisation.
Yamba, C. Bawa. 1997. 'Cosmologies in Turmoil: AIDS and Witchfinding in Chiawa, Zambia',Africa, vol. 67, no. 2, pp. 183-209.