6 - Le lait maternel, une bénédiction ambiguë dans le soutien-gorge du sida : le cas des Chagga au Kilimandjaro
Corresponding Author(s) : Karen Marie Moland
Revue africaine de sociologie,
Vol. 8 No 1 (2004): Revue africaine de sociologie
Résumé
Le VIH/SIDA a renouvelé la nécessité d'une interprétation critique de l'allaitement maternel en termes sociaux et culturels. La question que cette étude aborde est de savoir comment la connaissance médicalement informée de la transmission du VIH par l'allaitement maternel est interprétée et transformée dans une communauté rurale locale de la région de Kilimaryaro dans le nord de la Tanzanie. L'article explore l'articulation entre un discours médical sur le risque et un discours local sur la maternité qui infrJrme le choix de la méthode d'allaitement. Il examine les complexités impliquées dans la prise d'une décision appropriée sur l'allaitement maternel et soutient que l'allaitement maternel doit être compris comme étroitement lié à l'élaboration culturelle du corps féminin et de la maternité. Il montre que le corps de la mère et corps ()/"le nouveau-né font l'objet d'un examen minutieux et de processus de diagnostic locaux. L'allaitement maternel n'est pas seulement perçu comme un échec significatif de la maternité, mais suscite également la suspicion d'un statut séropositif probable de la part de la mère.
Télécharger la référence bibliographique
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)BibTeX
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- Handwerker, W.P. (cd.) 1990. Birth and Power: Social Change and the Politics of Reproduction, Boulder, W estview Press.
- Haram, L. 1999. "'Women out ofSight": Modem Women in Gendered Worlds. The Case of the Meru ofNorthem Tanzania', Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University of Bergen.
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- UNAIDS. 1998. Report on the Global HIV/A/OS Epi.demie, Geneva, UNAIDS.
- UNAIDS/WHO/UNICEF. 1998. HIV and Infant Feeding: Guidelines for Decision--Makers, Geneva, UNAIDS.
- UNAIDS/UNICEF/WHO. 2002. Epidemiological Pact Sheets on HIV/ AIDS and Sexually Transrnitted Infections, United Republic ofTanzania.
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- Whyte, S.R. 1997. Questioning Misfortune: The Pragmatics q/Uncertainty in Eastern Uganda, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press
Les références
Bond, V., Chase, and Aggleton, P. 2002. 'Stigma, HIV/AlDS and Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission in Zambia', Evaluation and Programme Planning, vol. 25, pp. 347-356.
Baumslag, N., and Michels D.L. 1995. Milk, Money and Madness. The Culture and Politîcs ofBreastjèeding, London, Bergin and Garvey. Chopra, M., Piwoz, Scngwana, J., Schaay, N., Dunnctt, I., and Sanders, D. 2002. 'Effoct of a Mother-to-Child HIV Prevention Programme on Infant Feeding and Caring Practices in South Africa', South /????frican Medical .Journal, Vol. 92, pp. 298-302.
Davis-Floyd, R.E., and Sargent, C.F. (eds.) 1997. Childbirth andAuthoritative Knowledge: Cross-Cultural Perspectives, London, University ofCalifornia Press.
Handwerker, W.P. (cd.) 1990. Birth and Power: Social Change and the Politics of Reproduction, Boulder, W estview Press.
Haram, L. 1999. "'Women out ofSight": Modem Women in Gendered Worlds. The Case of the Meru ofNorthem Tanzania', Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University of Bergen.
Howard, M., and Millard, A. 1997. Hunger and Shame: Poverty and Malnutrition on Mount Kilimanjaro, New York and London, Routledge.
Illich, I. 197 6. Medical Nemesis: The Expropriation ofHealth, New York, Pantheon. Jordan, B. 1993. Birth in Four Cultures: A Crosscultural investigation ofChildbirth in Yucatan, Ho/land, Sweden, and the United States, Prospect Heights, Waveland Press. First published in l 978. Khatib-Chahidi, J. 1992.
'Milk Kinship in Shi'ite Islamie Iran', in Maher, V., The Anthropology of Breasifeeding: Maturai Law or Social Construct, Oxford, Berg Publishers Ltd. Klepp, K.I., Biswalo, P.M., Talle, A. (eds.), 1995. Young People at Risk: Fighting AJDS in Northern Tanzania, Oslo, Scandinavian University Press.
Lie, G.T. 1996. The Disease That Dares Not Speak lts Name: Studies on Factors of Importance.
for Coping with HIV/ AIDS in Northern Tanzania, Research Centre for Health Promotion, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen. Lindenbaum, S., and Lock, M. (eds.) 1993.
Knowledge, Power and Practice: The Anthropology of Medicine and Everyday Life, Berkeley, University of Califomia Press.
Lock, M. 2001. 'The Tempering ofMedical Anthropology: Troubling Natural Categories', Medical Anthropology Quarter/y, vol 15, no. 4, pp. 478-492.
Lock, M., and Kaufcrt, P.A. (eds.) 1998. Pragmatic Women and Body Politics, London, Cambridge University Press.
Maher, V. ( cd.) 1992. The Anthropology of Breasifeeding: Natural Law or Social Construct, Oxford, Berg Publishers Ltd.
Martin, E. 1989. nie Woman in the Body: A Cultural Analysis of Reproduction, Boston, Beacon Press.
Ministry ofHealth. 1997. Health StatisticsAbstract 1997, Dar es Salaam, Health Information, Research and Statistics Section, Planning Department, Ministry ofHealth.
Ministry of Health. 1999. National AIDS Contrat Programme --- HIV/ AID51/S1D Surveillance, Report No. 14, December 1999, Epidemiological Unit, NACP.
Ministry ofHealth. 2000. National AlDS Control Programme - HIVIAIDS'/STD Surveillance, Report No. 15, January-December 2000, Epidemiological Unit, NACP.
Ministry ofHealth. 2003. Draft PMTCT National Guidelines, Unpublished.
Mo land, K.M. 2002. 'Giving Birth in Kilimanjaro: The Politics ofKnowledge in Moral Contexts', Doctoral Dissertation, University of Bergen.
Moore, S.F. l 986. Social Facts and Fabrications: 'Customa,y' Law on Kilimanjaro 1880-1980, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Moore, S.F. and Puritt, P. 1977. The Chagga and the Meru ofTanzania, London, International African fnstitute.
de Paoli, M., et al. 2002. 'Counsellors Perspectives on Antenatal HIV Testing and enfant Feeding Dilemmas Facing Women with HIV in Northern Tanzania', Reproductive Health Matters, vol. 10, no. 20, pp. 144-156. Raum, O.F. 1996.
Chaga Childhood: A Description <,iflndigenous Education in an EastAfrican Trihe, Hamburg, LIT Verlag. Published 1940 by the Oxford University Press. Setel, P. 1999.
A Plague a/Paradoxes: AIDS, Culture and Demography in Northern Tunzania, Chicago, The University of Chicago Press.
Salmon, M. 1994. 'The Cultural Significance ofBreastfeeding and Infant Care in Early Modern England and America', Journal qf Social History, vol 28, no. 2, pp. 247-269.
UNAIDS. 1998. Report on the Global HIV/A/OS Epi.demie, Geneva, UNAIDS.
UNAIDS/WHO/UNICEF. 1998. HIV and Infant Feeding: Guidelines for Decision--Makers, Geneva, UNAIDS.
UNAIDS/UNICEF/WHO. 2002. Epidemiological Pact Sheets on HIV/ AIDS and Sexually Transrnitted Infections, United Republic ofTanzania.
WHO. 200 L Prevention of Mother ta Child Transmission of HIV: Selection and Use of Nevirapine. Technical Notes, Geneva, World Health Organisation.
Whyte, S.R. 1997. Questioning Misfortune: The Pragmatics q/Uncertainty in Eastern Uganda, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press