German Economic Re-appropriation of the British Southern Cameroons’ Territory, 1924–46
Corresponding Author(s) : Nixon Kahjum Takor
Afrika Zamani,
No 22-23 (2015): Afrika Zamani: Revue annuelle d’histoire africaine
Résumé
En 1916, les Britanniques ont pris une partie de l’ancienne colonie allemande, Kamerun, après la capitulation des Allemands face au contingent mixte anglo- français à la fin de la première guerre mondiale au Cameroun. Cette défaite des Allemands conférait aux Britanniques le contrôle politique sur leur sphère du territoire, mais laissait une situation peu claire quant à la gestion des plantations, centre névralgique de l’économie allemande. Malgré les tentatives initiales d’appropriation et de limitation de la propriété allemande sur les plantations, les problèmes de connaissances techniques et managériales, les coûts et le désintérêt ont amené l’administration britannique à autoriser la présence et la participation allemandes dans l’économie du Cameroun méridional. Cet article examine les circonstances qui ont mené à l’interruption puis à la résurgence du contrôle économique allemand sur le territoire britannique du Cameroun méridional. Il soutient que l’envahissante présence économique des planteurs allemands de 1924 à la fin de la seconde guerre mondiale en 1945 résultait d’une combinaison de conditions favorables et de la diplomatie britannique visant à pardonner et à apaiser l’Allemagne dans l’entre-deux-guerres. Cependant, l’implication allemande dans la seconde guerre mondiale a donné aux Britanniques les raisons de se réapproprier les plantations et de se fédérer pour former la société Cameroons Development Corporation (CDC) en 1946 dans l’intérêt principal des habitants.
Mots-clés
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- Aka, A.E., 2002, The British Southern Cameroons 1922-1961: a study in colonialism and underdevelopment, Platville and Madison: Nkemnji Global Tech.
- Ardener, E., 1996, Kingdom on Mount Cameroon: studies in the history of the Cameroon coast, 1500-1970, Oxford: Berghan Books.
- Ardener, S.G., 1967, Eye Witnesses to the Annexation of Cameroon 1883-1887, Buea: Ministry of Primary Education and West Cameroons Antiquities Commission.
- Cornwell, R.D., 1985, World History in the Twentieth Century, New edition, Hallow and Essex: Longman.
- DeKorne, H., 2012, ‘The Builders of Identity: Education, Language, and the Elites of Cameroon, 1916-1961’, BA with Departmental Honours in History, Wesleyan University-Connecticut.
- Elango, L.Z., 1987, ‘Trade and diplomacy on the Cameroon coast in the nineteenth century, 1833-1879: the case of Bimbia’, in Njeuma, M.Z., Introduction to the History of Cameroon in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries, London: Macmillan Publishers.
- Epale, S.J., 1985, Plantations and Development in Western Cameroon 1885-1975: a study in agrarian capitalism, New York: Vantage Press.
- Eyongetah, T., Brian, R. and Palmer, R., 1987, A History of the Cameroon, New Edition, London: Longman.
- Fanso, V.G., 1989a, ‘Trade and supremacy on the Cameroon coast, 1879-1887’, in Njeuma, M.Z., Introduction to the History of Cameroon in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries, London: Macmillan Publishers.
- Fanso, V.G., 1989b, Cameroon History for Secondary schools and Colleges Vol. 1: from Prehistoric times to the nineteenth century, London: Macmillan Publishers.
- Gardinier, D.E., 1967, ‘The British in the Cameroons, 1919-1939’, in Gifford, P. and Louis, W.R., eds, Britain and Germany in Africa: Imperial Rivalry and Colonial rule, New Haven and London: Yale University Press.
- Hopkins, A.G., 1973, An Economic History of West Africa, London: Longman, 1973.
- Kale, P.M., 1967, Political Evolution in the Cameroons, Buea: Government Printers.
- Konings, P., 1996, ‘Privatisation of agro-industrial parastatals and Anglophone opposition in Cameroon’, Journal of Commonwealth and Comparative Politics 34 (3): 199–217.
- Le Vine, V.T., 1971, The Cameroon Federal Republic, Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.
- Ngoh, V.J., 1996, History of Cameroon since 1800, Limbe: Preprint.
- Rudin, H.H., 1938, Germans in the Cameroons 1884-1914: a case study in modern imperialism, New Haven: Yale University Press.
- Takor, K.N., 2015, ‘British firms on the Cameroons coast 1916-1961: an assessment of the open door policy’, Pantikar Journal of History 2 (1) August, 1–23.
- Tatah, S.N. 1986, ‘Trade in Southern Cameroons under British Administration 1916- 1945’, post graduate Diploma in History, Department of History, University of Yaoundé.
Les références
Aka, A.E., 2002, The British Southern Cameroons 1922-1961: a study in colonialism and underdevelopment, Platville and Madison: Nkemnji Global Tech.
Ardener, E., 1996, Kingdom on Mount Cameroon: studies in the history of the Cameroon coast, 1500-1970, Oxford: Berghan Books.
Ardener, S.G., 1967, Eye Witnesses to the Annexation of Cameroon 1883-1887, Buea: Ministry of Primary Education and West Cameroons Antiquities Commission.
Cornwell, R.D., 1985, World History in the Twentieth Century, New edition, Hallow and Essex: Longman.
DeKorne, H., 2012, ‘The Builders of Identity: Education, Language, and the Elites of Cameroon, 1916-1961’, BA with Departmental Honours in History, Wesleyan University-Connecticut.
Elango, L.Z., 1987, ‘Trade and diplomacy on the Cameroon coast in the nineteenth century, 1833-1879: the case of Bimbia’, in Njeuma, M.Z., Introduction to the History of Cameroon in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries, London: Macmillan Publishers.
Epale, S.J., 1985, Plantations and Development in Western Cameroon 1885-1975: a study in agrarian capitalism, New York: Vantage Press.
Eyongetah, T., Brian, R. and Palmer, R., 1987, A History of the Cameroon, New Edition, London: Longman.
Fanso, V.G., 1989a, ‘Trade and supremacy on the Cameroon coast, 1879-1887’, in Njeuma, M.Z., Introduction to the History of Cameroon in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries, London: Macmillan Publishers.
Fanso, V.G., 1989b, Cameroon History for Secondary schools and Colleges Vol. 1: from Prehistoric times to the nineteenth century, London: Macmillan Publishers.
Gardinier, D.E., 1967, ‘The British in the Cameroons, 1919-1939’, in Gifford, P. and Louis, W.R., eds, Britain and Germany in Africa: Imperial Rivalry and Colonial rule, New Haven and London: Yale University Press.
Hopkins, A.G., 1973, An Economic History of West Africa, London: Longman, 1973.
Kale, P.M., 1967, Political Evolution in the Cameroons, Buea: Government Printers.
Konings, P., 1996, ‘Privatisation of agro-industrial parastatals and Anglophone opposition in Cameroon’, Journal of Commonwealth and Comparative Politics 34 (3): 199–217.
Le Vine, V.T., 1971, The Cameroon Federal Republic, Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.
Ngoh, V.J., 1996, History of Cameroon since 1800, Limbe: Preprint.
Rudin, H.H., 1938, Germans in the Cameroons 1884-1914: a case study in modern imperialism, New Haven: Yale University Press.
Takor, K.N., 2015, ‘British firms on the Cameroons coast 1916-1961: an assessment of the open door policy’, Pantikar Journal of History 2 (1) August, 1–23.
Tatah, S.N. 1986, ‘Trade in Southern Cameroons under British Administration 1916- 1945’, post graduate Diploma in History, Department of History, University of Yaoundé.