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  3. No. 05-06 (2023): CODESRIA Bulletin, No 5 & 6, 2023 - Special Issue: 16th CODESRIA General Assembly
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No. 05-06 (2023): CODESRIA Bulletin, No 5 & 6, 2023 - Special Issue: 16th CODESRIA General Assembly

Issue Published : December 29, 2023

12 - Political Campaigns in the Era of Pandemics: William Ruto and Franklin Roosevelt Compared

Joel Chacha
Maseno University, Kenya
Babere Kerata Chachaa
Laikipia University, Kenya

CODESRIA Bulletin, No. 05-06 (2023): CODESRIA Bulletin, No 5 & 6, 2023 - Special Issue: 16th CODESRIA General Assembly
Article Published : December 29, 2023

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Joel Chacha, & Babere Kerata Chachaa. (2023). 12 - Political Campaigns in the Era of Pandemics: William Ruto and Franklin Roosevelt Compared. CODESRIA Bulletin, (05-06). Retrieved from https://journals.codesria.org/index.php/codesriabulletin/article/view/5529
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References
  1. Allen, W. F., 1934, W. F. Allen to Eleanor Roosevelt, Tampahores, Florida, 20 January 1934, in Knepper, C. ed., 2004, Dear Mrs. Roosevelt: Letters to Eleanor Roosevelt through Depression and War, New York: Carroll and Graf Publishers.
  2. Ayres, A., 1993, The Wisdom of Martin Luther King, Jr., New York: Plume.
  3. Chakrabarty, D., 1989, Rethinking Working-Class History: Bengal 1890–1940, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
  4. Chapa, M., 1934, Micaela Chapa to Franklin D. Roosevelt, Mission, Texas, 28 June 1934, in Levine, L.
  5. W. and Levine, C. R., 2002, The People and the President: America’s Conversation with FDR, Boston, MA: Beacon Press.
  6. Collins, S. M., 2020, If the U.S. economy gets sick, other countries could catch ‘pneumonia’, Ford School, 4 August. https://fordschool.umich.edu/news/2020/collins-if-us-economy-gets-sick-other- countries-could-catch-pneumonia#:~:text=U%2DM%20Provost%20and%20Ford%20School,a%20variety%20of%20different%20reasons.%22. Accessed 10 October 2023.
  7. Contril, H. and Allport, G. W., 1935, The Psychology of Radio (New York: Harper and Brothers, 1935), pp. 14, 19, in Levine, L. W. and Levine, C. R., 2002, The People and the President: America’s Conversation with FDR, Boston, MA: Beacon Press.
  8. Fisher, B., 1934, Beth Fisher to Franklin D. Roosevelt, Long Beach, California, 30 September, in Levine, L. W. and Levine, C. R., 2002, The People and the President: America’s Conversation with FDR, Boston, MA: Beacon Press.
  9. Frigo, J. 1934. Joe Frigo to Franklin D. Roosevelt, Keystone, West Virginia, 3 October, in Levine, L. W. and Levine, C. R., 2002, The People and the President: America’s Conversation with FDR, Boston, MA: Beacon Press.
  10. Gallup, G. H., 1972, The Gallup Poll: Public Opinion 1935-1971, Vol. 1., New York: Random House.
  11. Guha, R., 1997, Dominance without Hegemony: History and Power in Colonial India, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  12. Lonsdale, J. M., 1977, The Politics of Conquest: The British in Western Kenya, 1894–1908, The Historical Journal, Vol. 20, No. 4, pp. 841–870.
  13. Ndege, P. O., 1987, Economic Changes in Kapisul and Kabondo, 1800–1962, PhD thesis, University of Nairobi.
  14. Odinkalu, C., 2021, This African Court Decision Could Curb Electoral Abuse during COVID-19, Justice Initiative, 23 August. https://www.justiceinitiative.org/voices/this-african-court-decision-could-curb-electoral-abuse-during-COVID-19. Accessed 20 September 2023.
  15. Recchiuti, J. L., n.d., FDR and the Great Depression, Khan Academy, https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history/rise-to-world-power/great-depression/a/franklin-delano-roosevelt-as-president. Accessed 30 September 2023.
  16. Samuel, R., 1985, What is Social History? History Today, Vol. 35, No. 3.
  17. Schlesinger, A. M., 1957, The Crisis of the Old Order, 1919–1933 (Volume 1 of The Age of Roosevelt), Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Co.
  18. Stichter, S., 1982, Migrant Labour in Kenya: Capitalism and African Response, 1895–1975, Nairobi: Longman.
  19. Thompson, E. P., [1963] 1980, The Making of the English Working Class, [London: Victor Gollancz] Toronto and Harmondsworth: Penguin.
  20. Trevelyan, G. M., 1942, English Social History: A Survey of Six Centuries, Chaucer to Queen Victoria, London: Longmans.
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References


Allen, W. F., 1934, W. F. Allen to Eleanor Roosevelt, Tampahores, Florida, 20 January 1934, in Knepper, C. ed., 2004, Dear Mrs. Roosevelt: Letters to Eleanor Roosevelt through Depression and War, New York: Carroll and Graf Publishers.

Ayres, A., 1993, The Wisdom of Martin Luther King, Jr., New York: Plume.

Chakrabarty, D., 1989, Rethinking Working-Class History: Bengal 1890–1940, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

Chapa, M., 1934, Micaela Chapa to Franklin D. Roosevelt, Mission, Texas, 28 June 1934, in Levine, L.

W. and Levine, C. R., 2002, The People and the President: America’s Conversation with FDR, Boston, MA: Beacon Press.

Collins, S. M., 2020, If the U.S. economy gets sick, other countries could catch ‘pneumonia’, Ford School, 4 August. https://fordschool.umich.edu/news/2020/collins-if-us-economy-gets-sick-other- countries-could-catch-pneumonia#:~:text=U%2DM%20Provost%20and%20Ford%20School,a%20variety%20of%20different%20reasons.%22. Accessed 10 October 2023.

Contril, H. and Allport, G. W., 1935, The Psychology of Radio (New York: Harper and Brothers, 1935), pp. 14, 19, in Levine, L. W. and Levine, C. R., 2002, The People and the President: America’s Conversation with FDR, Boston, MA: Beacon Press.

Fisher, B., 1934, Beth Fisher to Franklin D. Roosevelt, Long Beach, California, 30 September, in Levine, L. W. and Levine, C. R., 2002, The People and the President: America’s Conversation with FDR, Boston, MA: Beacon Press.

Frigo, J. 1934. Joe Frigo to Franklin D. Roosevelt, Keystone, West Virginia, 3 October, in Levine, L. W. and Levine, C. R., 2002, The People and the President: America’s Conversation with FDR, Boston, MA: Beacon Press.

Gallup, G. H., 1972, The Gallup Poll: Public Opinion 1935-1971, Vol. 1., New York: Random House.

Guha, R., 1997, Dominance without Hegemony: History and Power in Colonial India, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Lonsdale, J. M., 1977, The Politics of Conquest: The British in Western Kenya, 1894–1908, The Historical Journal, Vol. 20, No. 4, pp. 841–870.

Ndege, P. O., 1987, Economic Changes in Kapisul and Kabondo, 1800–1962, PhD thesis, University of Nairobi.

Odinkalu, C., 2021, This African Court Decision Could Curb Electoral Abuse during COVID-19, Justice Initiative, 23 August. https://www.justiceinitiative.org/voices/this-african-court-decision-could-curb-electoral-abuse-during-COVID-19. Accessed 20 September 2023.

Recchiuti, J. L., n.d., FDR and the Great Depression, Khan Academy, https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history/rise-to-world-power/great-depression/a/franklin-delano-roosevelt-as-president. Accessed 30 September 2023.

Samuel, R., 1985, What is Social History? History Today, Vol. 35, No. 3.

Schlesinger, A. M., 1957, The Crisis of the Old Order, 1919–1933 (Volume 1 of The Age of Roosevelt), Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Co.

Stichter, S., 1982, Migrant Labour in Kenya: Capitalism and African Response, 1895–1975, Nairobi: Longman.

Thompson, E. P., [1963] 1980, The Making of the English Working Class, [London: Victor Gollancz] Toronto and Harmondsworth: Penguin.

Trevelyan, G. M., 1942, English Social History: A Survey of Six Centuries, Chaucer to Queen Victoria, London: Longmans.

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