3 - EDUCATION AND FERTILITY : POLICY IMPLICATIONS FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Corresponding Author(s) : Olugbemi AKINKOYE
Africa Development,
Vol. 4 No. 4 (1979): Africa Development
Abstract
Pour beaucoup de pays Africains le taux élevé de natalité ne con stitue guère un problème bien que son implication surtout dans les pays en voie de développement y soit bien comprise. Dans beaucoup de ces pays, des différences d'ordre socio-politique n'encouragent pas une action directe tendant à la limitation des naissances. Sur le plan international, plupart des pays se méfient des programmes de planning familial financés et encouragés par les organismes étrangers de planification, les organisa tions internationales et les gouvernements. Il faut donc trouver une alter native à la croisade pour le planning familial. Dans l'article qui précède, l'hypothèse est que toute action qui doit influer sur le taux de natalité doit d'abord commencer au niveau individuel. L'éducation formelle est considérée comme l'instrument qui a le plus de chance de créer des changements dans le comportement de l'individu. Un tableau simple et schématique montrant les liens entre l'éducation formelle et les modifications dans le comportement envers la fécondité est produit. En conclusion, les Instituts et Organisations Internationaux qui s'intéressent au contrôle du taux de natalité en parti culier dans les pays où des problèmes socio-politiques empêchent une action directe des autorités gouvernementales sont invités a supporter les politiques et programmes de l'éducation des masses
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- The Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, Chapter VI Section 135
- states that..... «the President shall appoint at least one Minister from each state, who shall be
- an indigene of such state».
- United States of America, National Academy of Sciences, ln Search of Popu lation Policy:
- Views From the Developing World, pp. 58-59, 1974.
- Federal Republic of Nigeria, The Third National Development Plan 1975-80, Vol. I, p.293.
- United Nations, The Population Debate: Dimension and Perspectives; papers of the World
- Population Conference, Bucharest, 1974.
- Olugbile, A.0., «A Study of Preventive Health Services in Ibadan with Special Reference to
- the lmmunization of Pre School Children», Nigerian Medical Journal, Vol. 5, pp. 98-102, 1974.
- Abu-Lughod, J., «The Emergence of Differential Fertility in Urban Egypt», Milbank Memorial
- Fund Quarterly, Vol. 43 No. 2,pp. 235-253,April 1965.
- Acsadi, G.T., lgun, A., and Johnson, G., Surveys ofFertility Family Planning in Nigeria,
- University of Ife, 1972.
- Arowolo, 0.0., «Determinants of Fertility among Yorubas of Nigeria» in Recent Empirical
- Findings of Fertility: Korea, Nigeria, Tunisia, Venezuela, Phillipines, (1.C.P., Smithsonian
- Institution, Washington, D.C.,) Occasional Monograph Series, No. 7, pp. 27-45, June 1976.
- Caldwell, J .C., (ed.), Population Growth and Socio-Economic Change in West Africa, London,
- Caldwell, J .C., «The Demographic Implications of the Extension of Educa tion in a
- Developing Country: Ghana» in Population and Socio-Economic Development in Ghana, edited by Addo,
- N.O. et.al., University of Ghana, Legon,pp.90-100,1969.
- Cantrell, P. (ed.), Population in African Development. 1.U.S.S.P., Belgium, Vol. I, 1971.
- Daramola, T. et.al., Attitudes in Nigeria Towards Family Planning in Cald well, J.C. and
- Okonjo, C., The Population of Tropical Africa, pp. 401-409, Longmans, 1968.
- Davis, K., and Blake, J ., «Social Structure and Fertility : An Analytic Frame work,
- Economie Development and Cultural Change, Vol. 4,No. 3, pp. 312- 341, April 1956.
- Easterlin, R.A., «Towards a Socio-economic Theory of Fertility : A Survey of Recent Research
- on Economie Factors in American Fertility» in Behrman Corsa and Freedman, Fertility and Family
- Planning, pp. 127-156, 1969.
- Ekanem, 1.1., Prospects of Fertility Declines in Sub-Saharan Africa, Paper
- Presented at the United Nations Meeting of Experts on Demographic Pro jections, December, 1977.
- Enke, S., and Brown, R.A., Old Age lnsurance with Fewer Children, General Electric-TEMPO
- Report No. 72TMP-6, Santa Barbara, March 1972.
- Gaise, SK., Dynamics of Population Growth in Ghana, Accra-Tema Publish ing Corporation, 1969.
- Hawthorn, G., The Sociology of Fertility, Collier-Macmillan Ltd., London, 1969.
- Khalifa, A.M., «the Influence of Wife's Education on Fertility in Rural Egypt», Journal of
- Biosocial Science, Vol. 8, No. I, pp. 53-60, January 1976.
- Okediji, F.O., «Sorne Social Psychological Aspects of Fertility Among Married Women in an
- African City», Nigerian Journal of Economie and Social Studies, Vol. 9, No. I, pp. 67-79, 1967.
- Ominde, S.H., and Ejiogu, C.N., (eds.0, Population Growth and Economie Development in Africa,
- London, 1972.
- Olusanya, P.O., «The Educational Factor in Human Fertility : A Case Study of the Residents of
- a Sub-Urban Area in Ibadan, Western Nigeria, Nigerian Journal of Economies and Social Studies, Vol.
- , No. 3, pp. 351-374, November 1967.
- Pool, D.I., «Ghana : A Survey of Fertility Attitudes Toward Family Limi tation; Studies in
- Family Planning, 25, pp. 10-15, 1967.
- United Nations (ECA), Population Policies of Africa, May, 1':J70.
- United Nations (ECA), Levels, Patterns and Implications of Fertility in Africa, Proceedings
- of Working Group on Fertility Levels, Ethiopia, Decem ber, 1972.
References
The Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, Chapter VI Section 135
states that..... «the President shall appoint at least one Minister from each state, who shall be
an indigene of such state».
United States of America, National Academy of Sciences, ln Search of Popu lation Policy:
Views From the Developing World, pp. 58-59, 1974.
Federal Republic of Nigeria, The Third National Development Plan 1975-80, Vol. I, p.293.
United Nations, The Population Debate: Dimension and Perspectives; papers of the World
Population Conference, Bucharest, 1974.
Olugbile, A.0., «A Study of Preventive Health Services in Ibadan with Special Reference to
the lmmunization of Pre School Children», Nigerian Medical Journal, Vol. 5, pp. 98-102, 1974.
Abu-Lughod, J., «The Emergence of Differential Fertility in Urban Egypt», Milbank Memorial
Fund Quarterly, Vol. 43 No. 2,pp. 235-253,April 1965.
Acsadi, G.T., lgun, A., and Johnson, G., Surveys ofFertility Family Planning in Nigeria,
University of Ife, 1972.
Arowolo, 0.0., «Determinants of Fertility among Yorubas of Nigeria» in Recent Empirical
Findings of Fertility: Korea, Nigeria, Tunisia, Venezuela, Phillipines, (1.C.P., Smithsonian
Institution, Washington, D.C.,) Occasional Monograph Series, No. 7, pp. 27-45, June 1976.
Caldwell, J .C., (ed.), Population Growth and Socio-Economic Change in West Africa, London,
Caldwell, J .C., «The Demographic Implications of the Extension of Educa tion in a
Developing Country: Ghana» in Population and Socio-Economic Development in Ghana, edited by Addo,
N.O. et.al., University of Ghana, Legon,pp.90-100,1969.
Cantrell, P. (ed.), Population in African Development. 1.U.S.S.P., Belgium, Vol. I, 1971.
Daramola, T. et.al., Attitudes in Nigeria Towards Family Planning in Cald well, J.C. and
Okonjo, C., The Population of Tropical Africa, pp. 401-409, Longmans, 1968.
Davis, K., and Blake, J ., «Social Structure and Fertility : An Analytic Frame work,
Economie Development and Cultural Change, Vol. 4,No. 3, pp. 312- 341, April 1956.
Easterlin, R.A., «Towards a Socio-economic Theory of Fertility : A Survey of Recent Research
on Economie Factors in American Fertility» in Behrman Corsa and Freedman, Fertility and Family
Planning, pp. 127-156, 1969.
Ekanem, 1.1., Prospects of Fertility Declines in Sub-Saharan Africa, Paper
Presented at the United Nations Meeting of Experts on Demographic Pro jections, December, 1977.
Enke, S., and Brown, R.A., Old Age lnsurance with Fewer Children, General Electric-TEMPO
Report No. 72TMP-6, Santa Barbara, March 1972.
Gaise, SK., Dynamics of Population Growth in Ghana, Accra-Tema Publish ing Corporation, 1969.
Hawthorn, G., The Sociology of Fertility, Collier-Macmillan Ltd., London, 1969.
Khalifa, A.M., «the Influence of Wife's Education on Fertility in Rural Egypt», Journal of
Biosocial Science, Vol. 8, No. I, pp. 53-60, January 1976.
Okediji, F.O., «Sorne Social Psychological Aspects of Fertility Among Married Women in an
African City», Nigerian Journal of Economie and Social Studies, Vol. 9, No. I, pp. 67-79, 1967.
Ominde, S.H., and Ejiogu, C.N., (eds.0, Population Growth and Economie Development in Africa,
London, 1972.
Olusanya, P.O., «The Educational Factor in Human Fertility : A Case Study of the Residents of
a Sub-Urban Area in Ibadan, Western Nigeria, Nigerian Journal of Economies and Social Studies, Vol.
, No. 3, pp. 351-374, November 1967.
Pool, D.I., «Ghana : A Survey of Fertility Attitudes Toward Family Limi tation; Studies in
Family Planning, 25, pp. 10-15, 1967.
United Nations (ECA), Population Policies of Africa, May, 1':J70.
United Nations (ECA), Levels, Patterns and Implications of Fertility in Africa, Proceedings
of Working Group on Fertility Levels, Ethiopia, Decem ber, 1972.