Issue

Vol. 48 No. 2 (2023): Africa Development: Special Issue on Covid-19 Pandemic and African Economies (Including a Revised Text of the Second Thandika Mkandawire Annual Memorial Lecture)

8 - Are the Covid-19 Pandemic and Public Procurement ‘Strange Bedfellows’? An African Perspective

https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v48i2.5085
Ismail Abdi Changalima
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6216-0558

Corresponding Author(s) : Ismail Abdi Changalima

changalima@gmail.com

Africa Development, Vol. 48 No. 2 (2023): Africa Development: Special Issue on Covid-19 Pandemic and African Economies (Including a Revised Text of the Second Thandika Mkandawire Annual Memorial Lecture)

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to provide insights into how the Covid-19 pandemic has affected public procurement operations, and the role of public procurement during the pandemic. The article synthesises relevant literature on Covid-19 and public procurement in the African context. A review of literature from 2020 to 2022 was done to enrich the findings of the current article, which shows that the Covid-19 pandemic affected public procurement in the form of delays, malpractice, budget reallocations and supply disruptions. Furthermore, during the Covid-19 pandemic it was recommended that public procurement practices be more strategic through collaboration, and respond more quickly in obtaining vaccines and health supplies, which were critical in the prevention and treatment of related illnesses. The article provides several practical implications in terms of ensuring good governance, implementing regulatory frameworks for emergency procurement, improving collaboration among members of comparable regional organisations, and implementing Covid-19 preventative measures. Finally, because the current study’s scope is limited in terms of the selection of published articles and other relevant literature that give insights about the African continent during this period, future studies could be conducted to include literature from outside the African continent in order to broaden the scope of this current study.

Keywords

Africa Covid-19 pandemic procurement public procurement
[1]
Ismail Abdi Changalima 2023. 8 - Are the Covid-19 Pandemic and Public Procurement ‘Strange Bedfellows’? An African Perspective. Africa Development. 48, 2 (Aug. 2023). DOI:https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v48i2.5085.
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
BibTeX
References
  1. Acquaah, M., Namatovu, R., and Kiggundu, M. N., 2021, INTRODUCTION TO THE SPECIAL ISSUE: Preliminary investigations into the Covid-19 pan- demic and management in Africa, Africa Journal of Management, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322373.2021.1882223
  2. Afolabi, A. A., and Ilesanmi, O. S., 2021, Dealing with vaccine hesitancy in Africa: The prospective Covid-19 vaccine context, Pan African Medical Journal, Vol. 38, No. 3, pp. 1–7. https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2021.38.3.27401
  3. Agyekum, K., Kukah, A. S., and Amudjie, J., 2022, The impact of Covid-19 on the construction industry in Ghana: the case of some selected firms, Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology, Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 222–244. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEDT-11-2020-0476
  4. Aigbavboa, C. O., Aghimien, D. O., Thwala, W. D., and Ngozwana, M. N., 2022, Unprepared industry meet pandemic: Covid-19 and the South Africa construc- tion industry, Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology, Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 183–200. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEDT-02-2021-0079
  5. Aikins, E. R., 2022, Corruption in Africa deepens the wounds of Covid-19. Institute for Security Studies. https://issafrica.org/iss-today/corruption-in-africa-deepens-the-wounds-of-covid-19
  6. Akrofi, M. M. C., and Antwi, S. H., 2020, Covid-19 energy sector responses in Africa: A review of preliminary government interventions, Energy Research and Social Science, Vol. 68, pp. 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2020.101681
  7. Amani, D., and Ismail, I. J., 2022, Investigating the predicting role of Covid-19 preventive measures on building brand legitimacy in the hospitality industry in Tanzania: Mediation effect of perceived brand ethicality, Future Business Journal, Vol. 8, No. 13, pp. 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43093-022-00128-6
  8. Ambe, I. M., 2019, The role of public procurement to socio-economic development, International Journal of Procurement Management, Vol. 12, No. 6, pp. 652–668. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJPM.2019.102934
  9. Amoah, C., Bamfo-Agyei, E., and Simpeh, F., 2021, The Covid-19 pandemic: the woes of small construction firms in Ghana, Smart and Sustainable Built Environment. https://doi.org/10.1108/SASBE-02-2021-0025
  10. Arkorful, V. E., Abdul-Rahaman, N., Ibrahim, H. S., and Arkorful, V. A., 2021, Fostering Trust, Transparency, Satisfaction and Participation Amidst Covid-19 corruption: Does the Civil Society Matter? – Evidence from Ghana, Public Organisation Review. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11115-021-00590-w
  11. Arouna, A., Soullier, G., Mendez del Villar, P., and Demont, M., 2020, Policy options for mitigating impacts of Covid-19 on domestic rice value chains and food security in West Africa, Global Food Security, Vol. 26, pp. 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100405
  12. Ayanlade, A., and Radeny, M., 2020, Covid-19 and food security in Sub-Saharan Africa: implications of lockdown during agricultural planting seasons, Npj: Science of Food, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41538-020-00073-0
  13. Bangalee, V., and Suleman, F., 2020, Access considerations for a Covid-19 vaccine for South Africa, South African Family Practice, Vol. 62, No. 1, pp. 1–4. https://doi.org/10.4102/safp.v62i1.5152
  14. Barasa, E., Kazungu, J., Orangi, S., Kabia, E., Ogero, M., and Kasera, K., 2021, Indirect health effects of the Covid-19 pandemic in Kenya: a mixed methods assessment, BMC Health Services Research, Vol. 21, No. 1, pp. 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-021-06726-4
  15. Basheka, B., and Auriacombe, C., 2020, Barriers to women’s participation in pub- lic procurement in Africa: empirical evidence from Uganda, The International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanity Studies, Vol. 12, No. 2, pp. 222–306.
  16. Burger, P., and Calitz, E., 2021, Covid-19, Economic Growth and South African Fiscal Policy, South African Journal of Economics, Vol. 89, No. 1, pp. 3–24. https://doi.org/10.1111/saje.12270
  17. Changalima, I. A., 2016, Determinants of Value for Money in the Procurement of Works in Public Sector: A Survey of Selected Government Ministries in Dar es Salaam, Morogoro: Mzumbe University.
  18. Changalima, I. A., and Ismail, I. J., 2019, Analysis of the Relationship between Managerial Competencies and the Performance of Procurement Management Units in Public Sector: The Structural Equation Modelling Approach, The International Journal of Business and Management, Vol. 7, No. 4, pp. 155–161. https://doi.org/10.24940/theijbm/2019/v7/i4/bm1904-039
  19. Changalima, I. A., Ismail, I. J., and Mchopa, A. D., 2021, A review of the forms, rationale and challenges of supplier development in public procurement: lessons for public buyers in Tanzania, Future Business Journal, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 1–10.
  20. Changalima, I. A., Ismail, I. J., and Mwaiseje, S. S., 2022, Obtaining the best value for money through procurement planning: Can procurement regulatory com- pliance intervene? Journal of Money and Business, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 133–148. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMB-11-2021-0056
  21. Changalima, I. A., Mchopa, A. D., and Ismail, I. J., 2022, Supplier development and public procurement performance: Does contract management difficulty matter? Cogent Business and Management, Vol. 9, No. 1, 2108224. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2022.2108224
  22. Changalima, I. A., Mushi, G. O., and Mwaiseje, S. S., 2021, Procurement planning as a strategic tool for public procurement effectiveness: Experience from selected public procuring entities in Dodoma city, Tanzania, Journal of Public Procure- ment, Vol. 21, No. 1, pp. 37–52. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOPP-05-2020-0047
  23. Ciotti, M., Ciccozzi, M., Terrinoni, A., Jiang, W.-C., Wang, C.-B., and Bernardini, S., 2020, The Covid-19 pandemic, Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Vol. 57, No. 6, pp. 365–388. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408363.2020.1783198
  24. Cooper, S., Van Rooyen, H., and Wiysonge, C. S., 2021, Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy in South Africa: How can we maximize uptake of Covid-19 vaccines? Expert Review of Vaccines, Vol. 20, No. 8, pp. 921–933. https://doi.org/10.1080/14760584.2021.1949291
  25. De Villiers, C., Cerbone, D., and Van Zijl, W., 2020, The South African government’s response to Covid-19, Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting and Financial Management, Vol. 32, No. 5, pp. 797–811. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPBAFM-07-2020-0120
  26. Djankov, S., Islam, A. M., and Saliola, F., 2016, How large is public procurement in developing countries? Peterson Institute for International Economics.
  27. Dzinamarira, T., Mukwenha, S., Eghtessadi, R., Cuadros, D. F., Mhlanga, G., and Musuka, G., 2021, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) Response in Zimbabwe: A Call for Urgent Scale-up of Testing to meet National Capacity, Clinical Infec- tious Diseases, Vol. 72, No. 10, e667–e674. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa1301
  28. Ejeta, F., Feyisa, D., Kebede, O., Mechessa, D. F., Zewudie, A., Mamo, Y., Regasa, T., and Abebe, L., 2021, Logistics Management of Covid-19 Personal Protective Equipment and its Challenges at Public Hospitals of Southwest Ethiopia: An Integrated Quantitative and Qualitative Study, International Journal of Medical Research and Health Sciences, Vol. 10, No. 7, pp. 178–185.
  29. Fourie, D., and Malan, C., 2020, Public procurement in the South African economy: Addressing the systemic issues, Sustainability (Switzerland), Vol. 12, No. 20, pp. 1–23. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12208692
  30. Gautam, S., and Hens, L., 2020, Covid-19: Impact by and on the environment, health and economy, Environment, Development and Sustainability, Vol. 22, No. 6, pp. 4953–4954. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-020-00818-7
  31. Gilbert, M., Pullano, G., Pinotti, F., Valdano, E., Poletto, C., Boëlle, P. Y., D’Ortenzio, E., Yazdanpanah, Y., Eholie, S. P., Altmann, M., Gutierrez, B., Kraemer, M. U. G., and Colizza, V., 2020, Preparedness and vulnerability of African countries against importations of Covid-19: A modelling study, The Lancet, Vol. 395, No. 10227, pp. 871–877. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30411-6
  32. Granich, R., Gupta, S., and Williams, B., 2022, Human immunodeficiency virus funding and access to treatment in sub-Saharan Africa, Interna- tional Journal of STD and AIDS, Vol. 33, No. 1, pp. 4–17. https://doi.org/10.1177/09564624211042287
  33. Hagan Jr., J. E., Ahinkorah, B. O., Seidu, A.-A., Ameyaw, E. K., and Schack, T., 2021, Africa’s preparedness towards Covid-19 vaccines: Demand and accept- ability challenges, Current Research in Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 2, pp. 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crbeha.2021.100048
  34. Haji, S. H. H., 2021, The Effects of Covid-19 Pandemic on the Government Rev- enue in the Extractive Industry in Tanzania, Journal of Economics, Management and Trade, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp. 12–29. https://doi.org/10.9734/jemt/2021/v27i330332
  35. Handfield, R. B., Finkenstadt, D. J., Schneller, E. S., Godfrey, A. B., and Guinto, P., 2020, A Commons for a Supply Chain in the Post-Covid-19 Era: The Case for a Reformed Strategic National Stockpile, Milbank Quarterly, Vol. 98, No. 4, pp. 1058–1090. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0009.12485
  36. Harland, C., 2021, Discontinuous Wefts: Weaving a More Interconnected Supply Chain Management Tapestry, Journal of Supply Chain Management, Vol. 57, No. 1, pp. 27–40. https://doi.org/10.1111/jscm.12249
  37. Harland, C., Telgen, J., and Callender, G., 2013, International research study of public procurement, in Harland, C., Nassimbeni, G. and Schneller, E. The SAGE Handbook of Strategic Supply Management, New York: Sage Publications Ltd, pp. 374–401. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446269886.n16
  38. Harland, C., Telgen, J., Callender, G., Grimm, R., and Patrucco, A. S., 2019, Imple- menting Government Policy in Supply Chains: An International Coproduction Study of Public Procurement, Journal of Supply Chain Management, Vol. 55, No. 2, pp. 6–25. https://doi.org/10.1111/jscm.12197
  39. Holma, A.-M., Bask, A., Laakso, A., and Andersson, D., 2021, Conceptualizing the supplier switching process: an example from public procurement, Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1108/JBIM-06-2021-0301.
  40. Jumaan, A. O., Ghanem, S., Taher, J., Braikat, M., Awaidy, S. Al, and Dbaibo, G. S., 2013, Prospects and challenges in the introduction of human papillomavirus vaccines in the extended Middle East and North Africa Region, Vaccine, Vol. 31, Section 6, G58–G64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.06.097
  41. Kaddar, M., Saxenian, H., Senouci, K., Mohsni, E. and Sadr-Azodi, N., 2019, Vaccine procurement in the Middle East and North Africa region: Challenges and ways of improving program efficiency and fiscal space, Vaccine, Vol. 37, No. 27, pp. 3520–3528. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.04.029
  42. Kamel, M. A., and Mousa, M. E. S., 2020, Measuring operational efficiency of isolation hospitals during Covid-19 pandemic using data envelopment analysis: A case of Egypt, Benchmarking, Vol. 28, No. 7, pp. 2178–2201. https://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-09-2020-0481
  43. Kiage, J. O., 2013, Factors Affecting Procurement Performance: A Case of Ministry of Energy, International Journal of Business and Commerce, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 54–70.
  44. Laryea, S., and Watermeyer, R., 2014, Innovative construction procurement at Wits University, Proceedings of Institution of Civil Engineers: Management, Procurement and Law, Vol. 167, No. 5, pp. 220–231. https://doi.org/10.1680/mpal.14.00008
  45. Lone, S. A., and Ahmad, A., 2020, Covid-19 pandemic—an African perspective, Emerging Microbes and Infections, Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 1300–1308. https://doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2020.1775132
  46. Maketo, J. P., and Mutizwa, B., 2021, Dynamics and Trends in Vaccine Procurement and Distribution in Zimbabwe, International Journal of Humanities, Management and Social Science, Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 62–75.
  47. Makurumidze, R., 2020, Coronavirus-19 disease (Covid-19): A case series of early suspected cases reported and the implications towards the response to the pandemic in Zimbabwe, Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection, Vol. 53, No. 3, pp. 493–498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.04.002
  48. Mantzaris, E., and Ngcamu, B. S., 2020, Municipal Corruption in the Era of a Covid-19 Pandemic: Four South African Case Studies, Journal of Public Ad- ministration, Vol. 55, Nos. 3–1, pp. 461–479.
  49. Mantzaris, E., and Pillay, P., 2020, Covid-19, Health Systems Corruption, Economic Priorities and Poverty: The Case of South Africa, Alternation—Interdisciplinary Journal for the Study of the Arts and Humanities in Southern Africa, SP Vol. 32, No. 1, pp. 252–274. https://doi.org/10.29086/2519-5476/2020/sp32a10
  50. Mathiba, G., 2020, 'Corruption, Public Sector Procurement and Covid-19 in South Africa: Negotiating the New Normal', Journal of Public Administration Research, Vol. 55, No. 4, pp. 642–661.
  51. Mayala, N. M., 2021, Covid-19’s Impact on Tanzania’s Economy and Key Sector Prospects, in Baporikar, N., ed., Handbook of Research on Sustaining SMEs and Entrepreneurial Innovation in the Post-Covid-19 Era (1st ed.), IGI Global. pp. 106–121. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-6632-9.ch006
  52. Mazibuko, G., 2021, The Relevance of Procurement in Public Administration: A South African Perspective, Journal of Social and Development Sciences, Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 26–34. https://doi.org/10.22610/jsds.v11i4(s).3157
  53. Mbandlwa, Z. and Netswera, F., 2021, The effect government supply chain processes have on the procurement of Covid-19 personal protective equipment, Ilkogretim Online, Vol. 20, No. 4, pp. 1782–1790.
  54. Mbunge, E., 2020, Effects of Covid-19 in South African health system and society: An explanatory study, Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews, Vol. 14, No. 6, pp. 1809–1814. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.09.016
  55. Mchopa, A. D., 2015, Integrating contract management practices into the achieve- ment of value for money in Tanzania Public Procurement: Evidence from selected procuring entities in Moshi Municipality, Journal of Public Procurement, Vol. 15, No. 2, pp. 129–149. https://doi.org/10.1108/jopp-15-02-2015-b001
  56. Mchopa, A. D., 2020, Applicability of Force Account Approach in Procurement of Works in Tanzania, Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law, Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 137–143.
  57. Mchopa, A. D., Njau, E., Ruoja, C., Huka, H., and Panga, F. P., 2014, The Achieve- ment of Value for Money in Tanzania Public Procurement: A Non-Monetary Assessment Approach, International Journal of Management Sciences, Vol. 3, No. 7, pp. 524–533.
  58. Mchopa, A. D., William, J. M., and Kimaro, J. M., 2020, Global Supply Chains Vulnerability and Distortions Amidst Covid19 Pandemic: Antecedents for Building Resilience in Downstream Logistics, Journal of Co-Operative and Business Studies, Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 74–83.
  59. Mlambo, V. H., and Masuku, M. M., 2020, Governance, corruption and Covid-19: The final nail in the coffin for South Africa’s dwindling public finances, Journal of Public Administration, Vol. 55, No. 3, pp. 549–565.
  60. Morley, A., 2021, Procuring for change: An exploration of the innovation poten- tial of sustainable food procurement, Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 279, pp. 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123410
  61. Mukushwa, Z. C., Mapuva, J., and Mutema, E. P., 2021, The Practice of Participa- tory Budgeting during the Covid-19 Pandemic in Zimbabwe’s Local Government Sector: A Case of Chitungwisa Municipality, The African Review, Vol. 48, No. 2, pp. 597–620. https://doi.org/10.1163/1821889x-12340057
  62. Munzhedzi, P. H., 2021, Analysing the application of governance principles in the management of Covid-19 in South Africa: Lessons for the future, Africa’s Public Service Delivery and Performance Review, Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 1–8. https://doi.org/10.4102/apsdpr.v9i1.490
  63. Munzhedzi, P. H., and Phago, K., 2020, Necessitating a Germane Developmental Local Government Agenda in South Africa: A Post Covid-19 Contemplation, African Journal of Governance and Development, Vol. 9, No. 1.1, pp. 181–199.
  64. Mwaiseje, S. S., and Changalima, I. A., 2020, Individual Factors and Value for Money Achievement in Public Procurement: A Survey of Selected Government Ministries in Dodoma Tanzania, East African Journal of Social and Applied Sciences (EAJ-SAS), Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 50–58.
  65. Mwendwa, P., Githui, S., Marete, E., and Kroll, T., 2021, Covid-19 and vaccines in Africa: A descriptive and thematic analysis of Twitter content, HRB Open Research, Vol. 4, No. 43, pp. 1–8. https://doi.org/10.12688/hrbopenres.13255.1
  66. Namagembe, S., Mpeera, J. N. and Kalid, A., 2021, An examination of SME involvement in public procurement underbid lot sizing, Journal of Public Procurement, Vol. 21, No. 4, pp. 370–398. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOPP-04-2020-0031
  67. Nchanji, E. B., Lutomia, C. K., Chirwa, R., Templer, N., Rubyogo, J. C., and Onyango, P., 2021, Immediate impacts of Covid-19 pandemic on bean value chain in selected countries in sub-Saharan Africa, Agricultural Systems, Vol. 188, pp. 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2020.103034
  68. Ndebele, N. C., and Mdlalose, M. Z., 2021, Transparency in Local Government Procurement During the Era of Covid-19 in South Africa, Journal of Public Administration, Vol. 56, No. 3, pp. 539–550.
  69. Nemec, J., Kubák, M., Donin, G., and Kotherová, Z., 2021, Efficiency of public procurement in the Czech and Slovak health care sectors, Transylvanian Review of Administrative Sciences, Vol. 17, No. 62, pp. 115–133. https://doi.org/10.24193/tras.62E.7
  70. Nemec, J., Kubák, M., Krapek, M., and Horehajova, M., 2020, Competition in Public Procurement in the Czech and Slovak Public Health Care Sectors, Healthcare, Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8030201
  71. Odongo, K. O., and Panga, F. P., 2021, Refining Strategic Procurement and Supply Chain Management for post-Covid-19 Resilience: A Systematic Review, The Sub Saharan Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 56–65.
  72. Ondoa, P., Kebede, Y., Loembe, M. M., Bhiman, J. N., Tessema, S. K., Sow, A., Sall, A. A., and Nkengasong, J., 2020, Covid-19 testing in Africa: Lessons learnt, The Lancet Microbe, Vol. 1, No. 3, E103–E104. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2666-5247(20)30068-9
  73. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), 2019, Government at a Glance 2019. OECD Publishing.
  74. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), 2021, Government at a Glance 2021. OECD Publishing.
  75. Osei-Kojo, A., Bawole, J. N., and Sakyi, E. K., 2020, The Opportunities and Con- straints to Collaboration in Public Sector Management, Public Organization Re- view, Vol. 20, No. 3, pp. 495–510. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11115-019-00452-6
  76. Ozili, P., 2022, Covid-19 in Africa: socio-economic impact, policy response and opportunities, International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, Vol. 42, No. 3/4, pp. 177–200. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSSP-05-2020-0171
  77. Ozor, N., and Nyambane, A., 2020, Embracing Open Contracting in Africa: Case Stud- ies from Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Malawi, Zambia, South Africa, Ghana, Nigeria, Senegal and Côte d’Ivoire. African Technology Policy Studies Network (ATPS).
  78. Panga, F. P., Mchopa, A. D. and Kazungu, I., 2015, Compliance with Procurement Plans and the Achievement of Value for Money in Public Procurement, The International Journal of Business and Management, Vol. 3, No. 11, pp. 176–182.
  79. Preuss, L., 2011, On the contribution of public procurement to entrepreneurship and small business policy, Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, Vol. 23, No. 9–10, pp. 787–814. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2010.546433
  80. Sadiq, A. A., and Kessa, R., 2020, U.S. Procurement in the Age of Covid-19: Challenges, Intergovernmental Collaboration and Recommendations for Improve- ment, American Review of Public Administration, Vol. 50, No. 6–7, pp. 635–641. https://doi.org/10.1177/0275074020942060
  81. Siringi, E. M., 2022, Analysis of Economic Effect of Covid-19 Pandemic on the Kenyan Economy, The African Review, Vol. 49, No. 1, pp. 38–53.
  82. Siwandeti, M., Sanga, C., Mfanga, A., and Panga, F. P., 2021, Vendors’ Willingness Drivers for Participation in Public Electronic Procurement System, Ilala District, Tanzania, Sustainable Education and Development, pp. 445–454. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68836-3_38
  83. Snider, K. F., and Rendon, R. G., 2012, Public Procurement: Public Administration and Public Service Perspectives, Journal of Public Affairs Education, Vol. 18, No. 2, pp. 327–348. https://doi.org/10.1080/15236803.2012.12001687
  84. Susilawati, S., Falefi, R., and Purwoko, A., 2020, Impact of Covid-19’s Pandemic on the Economy of Indonesia, Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 1147–1156. https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v3i2.954
  85. Takyi, P. O., and Bentum-Ennin, I., 2021, The impact of Covid-19 on stock market performance in Africa: A Bayesian structural time series approach, Journal of Economics and Business, Vol. 115, pp. 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecon-bus.2020.105968
  86. Thai, K. V., 2001, Public procurement re-examined, Journal of Public Procurement, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 9–50. https://doi.org/10.1108/jopp-01-01-2001-b001
  87. The United Republic of Tanzania (URT), 2011, The Public Procurement Act. Government Printers.
  88. Trammell, E., Abutabenjeh, S., and Dimand, A. M., 2020, A Review of Public Administration Research: Where Does Public Procurement Fit In? International Journal of Public Administration, Vol. 43, No. 8, pp. 655–667. https://doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2019.1644654
  89. Uyarra, E., and Flanagan, K., 2010, Understanding the innovation impacts of public procurement, European Planning Studies, Vol. 18, No. 1, pp. 123–143. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654310903343567
  90. Van Hoek, R., 2021, Exploring Progress with Supply Chain Risk Management dur- ing the First Year of the Covid-19 Pandemic, Logistics, Vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics5040070
  91. Van Schalkwyk, F., 2021, Reflections on the public university sector and the Covid-19 pandemic in South Africa, Studies in Higher Education, Vol. 46, No. 1, pp. 44–58. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2020.1859682
  92. Wanyonyi, S. C. and Muturi, W., 2015, Factors affecting performance of procure- ment function among public technical training institutions in Kisumu County, Kenya, International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, Vol. 3, No. 5, pp. 325–337.
  93. Yadav, A., and Iqbal, B. A., 2021, Socio-economic Scenario of South Asia: An Overview of Impacts of Covid-19, South Asian Survey, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp. 20–37. https://doi.org/10.1177/0971523121994441
  94. Zabala-Iturriagagoitia, J. M., 2022, Fostering regional innovation, entrepreneurship and growth through public procurement, Small Business Economics, Vol. 58, No. 2, pp. 1205–1222. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-021-00466-9
  95. Zhanda, K., 2020, Beyond Recovery? Downturns, Implications and Prospects of Covid-19 Pandemic to Real Estate Development in Zimbabwe, International Journal of Real Estate Studies, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 31–40.
Read More

Author Biography

Ismail Abdi Changalima

Department of Business Administration and Management, University of Dodoma, Dodoma, United Republic of Tanzania.

Download
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 94 Download : 28

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.