8 - A Researcher’s Visit to Italy: Human trafficking and the Nigerian-Sicilian Mafias
Revue africaine de sociologie,
Vol. 23 No 1 (2019): Revue africaine de sociologie
Résumé
Cet essai examine le lien complexe entre le crime organisé et les migrants dans les pays hôtes. Il s’intéresse plus particulièrement à l ’afflux d ’immigrants clandestins traversant la Méditerranée centrale en direction de l’Italie et à l’émergence de gangs criminels nigérians qui ont cimenté un lien ignoble mais durable avec la mafia notoire de Sicile. Ce réseau, qui a pris son essor, a modifié la carte traditionnelle du crime organisé sur l ’île, défiant toute mesure à la fois régionale et mondiale. L’essai exprime l’inquiétude de savoir comment la Sicile entend cesser d’être «le camp de réfugiés de l’Europe» en augmentant le nombre de rapatriements, compte tenu des implications financières, logistiques et humanitaires d’une telle entreprise.
Mots-clés
Télécharger la référence bibliographique
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)BibTeX
- Agius, Connie (2015) How organised crime profits from Italy’s immigration boom, https://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-10-06/agius-migrants-and-organised- crime/6829714 Associated Press (2018) Italy stems immigration, short on aiding indebted sex slaves, March 7
- Bhalla, Nita (2018) Africa’s human trafficking is flourishing, and SA is on its route, BusinessDay, July 31
- Bonaccorso, Nicole (2018) From Refugee to Commodity, https://features.weather.com/exodus/chapter/from-refugee-to-commodity/
- Dickie, John (2004) Cosa Nostra: A History of the Sicilian Mafia, Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. Emma Wallis (2019) Tricked, trafficked and sold: How criminal gangs are bringing Nigerian women to Italy, https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/14725/tricked-trafficked-and-sold-how-criminal-gangs-are-bringing-nigerian- women-to-italy
- EPSC Strategic Notes (2017) Irregular Migration via the Central Mediterranean, http://www.statewatch.org/news/2017/feb/eu-com-epsc-note-irregular-migration-central-med-2-2-17.pdf
- Esslemont, Tom (2016) As Nigerian sex trafficking rises, Italy tracks crime kingpins, Thomson Reuters Foundation news, November 9
- Filitz, John (2018) Nigerian Women’s Ill-fated Pursuit of a Better Life: Understanding the Dynamics of Migration, https://oefresearch.org/think-peace/nigerian- women-understanding-dynamics-migration
- Filitz, John (2018) Nigerian Women’s Ill-fated Pursuit of a Better Life: Understanding the Dynamics of Migration, https://oefresearch.org/think-peace/nigerian- women-understanding-dynamics-migration
- Guidroz, Bobby J. (2017) The difference between human trafficking and smuggling, https://eu.dailyworld.com/story/opinion/columnists/2017/09/06/difference-between-human-trafficking-and-smuggling/621095001/
- Human Rights Watch (2019) No Escape from Hell: EU Policies Contribute to Abuse of Migrants in Libya, https://www.hrw.org/report/2019/01/21/no-escape-hell/eu-policies-contribute-abuse-migrants-libya
- Lorenzo, Tondo (2016) Mafia at a crossroads as Nigerian gangsters hit Sicily’s shores, The Guardian, June 11
- Martelli, Sarah (2018) A Long Journey for a Chance at a Second Life, https://www.unicef.org/innovation/stories/uReportonthemoveLongJourney
- Meers, Jelter (2017) Italy: After Cosa Nostra, Nigerian Black Axe New Foe for Police, https://www.occrp.org/en/27-ccwatch/cc-watch-briefs/8095-aly-after-cosa-nostra-nigerian-black-axe-new-foe-for-police
- Merelli, Annalisa (2017) Rescuing refugees is a matter of common sense on the paradisiacal island of Lampedusa, Quartz Daily Brief, February 3
- Mwangaguhunga, Ron (2018) Nigerian Gangs, The Mafia, Human Trafficking And Italy, https://www.openletr.co/find-your-truth/nigerian-gangs-the-mafia-human-trafficking-and-italy3182018
- Osborne, Simon (2016) The Black Axe: Italy faces chilling new organised crime group more ruthless than the mafia, Express, November 21
- Politzer, Malia and Kassie, Emily (2016) The 21st Century Gold Rush: How the refugee crisis is changing the world economy, https://highline.huffingtonpost.com/articles/en/the-21st-century-gold-rush-refugees/#/niger
- Reguly, Eric (2018) Refugee crisis a multibillion-dollar honeypot for Italian Mafia, https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/refugee-crisis-a-multibillion-dollar-honeypot-for-italian-mafia/article27186445/
- Save the Children, Italy (2017) Young Invisible Enslaved: Children Victims Of Trafficking and Labour Exploitation, https://resourcecentre.savethechildren.net/library/young-invisible-enslaved-children-victims-trafficking-and-labour- exploitation-italy
- The Telegraph (2017) Nigerian girls as young as 13 increasingly trafficked to Italy to work as street prostitutes, September 14
- Transparency International (2011) Breaking the Chain: Corruption and Human Trafficking,https://www.transparency.org/news/feature/breaking_the_chain_corruption_and_human_trafficking
- United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2008) Human Trafficking: An Overview, https://www.unodc.org/documents/human-trafficking/2008/ HumanTrafficking-AnOverview.pdf
- Von, Helen Hecker (2018) From Refugee to Sex Slave: How African women are propelled into prostitution, https://www.deine-korrespondentin.de/from- refugee-to-sex-slave/
- Walter, Mayr (2017) Paradise Looted: How Sicily Became Ungovernable, Spiegel Online, November 10
Les références
Agius, Connie (2015) How organised crime profits from Italy’s immigration boom, https://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-10-06/agius-migrants-and-organised- crime/6829714 Associated Press (2018) Italy stems immigration, short on aiding indebted sex slaves, March 7
Bhalla, Nita (2018) Africa’s human trafficking is flourishing, and SA is on its route, BusinessDay, July 31
Bonaccorso, Nicole (2018) From Refugee to Commodity, https://features.weather.com/exodus/chapter/from-refugee-to-commodity/
Dickie, John (2004) Cosa Nostra: A History of the Sicilian Mafia, Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. Emma Wallis (2019) Tricked, trafficked and sold: How criminal gangs are bringing Nigerian women to Italy, https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/14725/tricked-trafficked-and-sold-how-criminal-gangs-are-bringing-nigerian- women-to-italy
EPSC Strategic Notes (2017) Irregular Migration via the Central Mediterranean, http://www.statewatch.org/news/2017/feb/eu-com-epsc-note-irregular-migration-central-med-2-2-17.pdf
Esslemont, Tom (2016) As Nigerian sex trafficking rises, Italy tracks crime kingpins, Thomson Reuters Foundation news, November 9
Filitz, John (2018) Nigerian Women’s Ill-fated Pursuit of a Better Life: Understanding the Dynamics of Migration, https://oefresearch.org/think-peace/nigerian- women-understanding-dynamics-migration
Filitz, John (2018) Nigerian Women’s Ill-fated Pursuit of a Better Life: Understanding the Dynamics of Migration, https://oefresearch.org/think-peace/nigerian- women-understanding-dynamics-migration
Guidroz, Bobby J. (2017) The difference between human trafficking and smuggling, https://eu.dailyworld.com/story/opinion/columnists/2017/09/06/difference-between-human-trafficking-and-smuggling/621095001/
Human Rights Watch (2019) No Escape from Hell: EU Policies Contribute to Abuse of Migrants in Libya, https://www.hrw.org/report/2019/01/21/no-escape-hell/eu-policies-contribute-abuse-migrants-libya
Lorenzo, Tondo (2016) Mafia at a crossroads as Nigerian gangsters hit Sicily’s shores, The Guardian, June 11
Martelli, Sarah (2018) A Long Journey for a Chance at a Second Life, https://www.unicef.org/innovation/stories/uReportonthemoveLongJourney
Meers, Jelter (2017) Italy: After Cosa Nostra, Nigerian Black Axe New Foe for Police, https://www.occrp.org/en/27-ccwatch/cc-watch-briefs/8095-aly-after-cosa-nostra-nigerian-black-axe-new-foe-for-police
Merelli, Annalisa (2017) Rescuing refugees is a matter of common sense on the paradisiacal island of Lampedusa, Quartz Daily Brief, February 3
Mwangaguhunga, Ron (2018) Nigerian Gangs, The Mafia, Human Trafficking And Italy, https://www.openletr.co/find-your-truth/nigerian-gangs-the-mafia-human-trafficking-and-italy3182018
Osborne, Simon (2016) The Black Axe: Italy faces chilling new organised crime group more ruthless than the mafia, Express, November 21
Politzer, Malia and Kassie, Emily (2016) The 21st Century Gold Rush: How the refugee crisis is changing the world economy, https://highline.huffingtonpost.com/articles/en/the-21st-century-gold-rush-refugees/#/niger
Reguly, Eric (2018) Refugee crisis a multibillion-dollar honeypot for Italian Mafia, https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/refugee-crisis-a-multibillion-dollar-honeypot-for-italian-mafia/article27186445/
Save the Children, Italy (2017) Young Invisible Enslaved: Children Victims Of Trafficking and Labour Exploitation, https://resourcecentre.savethechildren.net/library/young-invisible-enslaved-children-victims-trafficking-and-labour- exploitation-italy
The Telegraph (2017) Nigerian girls as young as 13 increasingly trafficked to Italy to work as street prostitutes, September 14
Transparency International (2011) Breaking the Chain: Corruption and Human Trafficking,https://www.transparency.org/news/feature/breaking_the_chain_corruption_and_human_trafficking
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2008) Human Trafficking: An Overview, https://www.unodc.org/documents/human-trafficking/2008/ HumanTrafficking-AnOverview.pdf
Von, Helen Hecker (2018) From Refugee to Sex Slave: How African women are propelled into prostitution, https://www.deine-korrespondentin.de/from- refugee-to-sex-slave/
Walter, Mayr (2017) Paradise Looted: How Sicily Became Ungovernable, Spiegel Online, November 10