4 - Haiti, Morocco and the AU: A Case Study on Black Pan- Africanism vs. anti-Black continentalism
Corresponding Author(s) : Roland Mireku Yeboah
Identity, Culture and Politics,
Vol. 19 No. 1-2 (2018): Identity, Culture and Politics: An Afro - Asian dialogue
Abstract
In 2016 Haiti, mentioned at the 1900 Pan-African Conference (at which the term pan-Africanism was
coined), applied to join the African Union but was denied. In that same year, Morocco, in which an
estimated 219,700 people are currently held as ‘Abeed’ (a word meaning both slave and Black), was
accepted as a full member. Using a variety of sources, we will examine the Haiti vs. Morocco treatment
at the hands of the AU as a manifestation of the ongoing struggle between the original Black Pan-
Afrikanism and the modern-day counterfeit version also known colloquially as Continentalism, which
disenfranchises Afrikan=Black people in favor of their white arab enslavers. The hijacking of the term
“Pan-Africanism” has had lasting repercussions for Afrikan=Black people, some of which are only being
felt today. In conclusion, we will offer solutions and a possible way forward for Afrikan=Black people who
have been disenfranchised in favor of arab invaders and colonists in North Afrika, where, to date, they
are still regarded as ‘Abeed’.
Keywords
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- Lamont Dominick Thomas, Paul Cuffe: Black Entrepreneur and Pan-Africanist (University of Illinois Press, 1988).
- Martin R. Delany, Blake: Or, the Huts of America, Blake: Or, the Huts of America (New York: T. Hamilton
- Anglo African Magazine, 1859-62); H. Adi and M. Sherwood, Pan-African History: Political Figures from Africa and the Diaspora since 1787 (Taylor & Francis, 2003)., p. viii; George Shepperson, “Notes on Negro American Influences on the Emergence of African Nationalism,” The Journal of African History 1, no. 2 (1960)., p. 301.
- Edward Wilmot Blyden, A Vindication of the African Race: Being a Brief Examination of the
- Arguments in Favor of African Inferiority. With an Introduction by Rev. Alexander Crummell (G. Killian, 1857); Africa and the Africans (na, 1878); “Pan-Negro Patriot, 1832-1912,” London: Oxford UniversityPress (1967).
- James R Hooker, Henry Sylvester Williams: Imperial Pan-Africanist (David Philip Publishers, 1975); Owen Charles Mathurin, “Henry Sylvester Williams and the Origins of the Pan African Movement 1869-1911,” (2011);
- Marika Sherwood, Origins of Pan-Africanism: Henry Sylvester Williams, Africa, and the African Diaspora (Routledge, 2012).
- Patricia W Romero, “Web Dubois, Pan-Africanists, and Africa 1963-1973,” Journal of Black Studies (1976); William Toll, The Resurgence of Race: Black Social Theory from Reconstruction to the Pan-African Conferences (Temple University Press, 1979).
- Adekunle Ajala, Pan-Africanism: Evolution, Progress, and Prospects (St. Martin’s Press, 1973); Marcus Garvey and Amy Jacques Garvey, The Philosophy and Opinions of Marcus Garvey, or, Africa for the Africans, vol. 1 (The Majority Press, 1923); Tony Martin, Race First: The Ideological and Organizational Struggles of Marcus Garvey and the Universal Negro Improvement Association (The Majority Press, 1976); K. Nkrumah, Ghana: The Autobiography of Kwame Nkrumah (Edinburgh and London: Thomas Nelson and Sons Ltd., 1957)., p. 45
- Chinweizu, Forthcoming
- Oͦbaͦdeͦleͦ Kambon and Roland Mireku Y ͦboah, “Haiti, Morocco and the Au: A 2016 Case
- Study on Original Authentic Black Pan-Afrikanism Vs. Anti-Black Pro-White-Arab-on-Top-Black-onthe- Bottom Continentalism
- A.K.A. “Fraudulent All-Africanism” A.K.A. “Counterfeit Pan-Africanism”, LEJIAD (Forthcoming).
References
Lamont Dominick Thomas, Paul Cuffe: Black Entrepreneur and Pan-Africanist (University of Illinois Press, 1988).
Martin R. Delany, Blake: Or, the Huts of America, Blake: Or, the Huts of America (New York: T. Hamilton
Anglo African Magazine, 1859-62); H. Adi and M. Sherwood, Pan-African History: Political Figures from Africa and the Diaspora since 1787 (Taylor & Francis, 2003)., p. viii; George Shepperson, “Notes on Negro American Influences on the Emergence of African Nationalism,” The Journal of African History 1, no. 2 (1960)., p. 301.
Edward Wilmot Blyden, A Vindication of the African Race: Being a Brief Examination of the
Arguments in Favor of African Inferiority. With an Introduction by Rev. Alexander Crummell (G. Killian, 1857); Africa and the Africans (na, 1878); “Pan-Negro Patriot, 1832-1912,” London: Oxford UniversityPress (1967).
James R Hooker, Henry Sylvester Williams: Imperial Pan-Africanist (David Philip Publishers, 1975); Owen Charles Mathurin, “Henry Sylvester Williams and the Origins of the Pan African Movement 1869-1911,” (2011);
Marika Sherwood, Origins of Pan-Africanism: Henry Sylvester Williams, Africa, and the African Diaspora (Routledge, 2012).
Patricia W Romero, “Web Dubois, Pan-Africanists, and Africa 1963-1973,” Journal of Black Studies (1976); William Toll, The Resurgence of Race: Black Social Theory from Reconstruction to the Pan-African Conferences (Temple University Press, 1979).
Adekunle Ajala, Pan-Africanism: Evolution, Progress, and Prospects (St. Martin’s Press, 1973); Marcus Garvey and Amy Jacques Garvey, The Philosophy and Opinions of Marcus Garvey, or, Africa for the Africans, vol. 1 (The Majority Press, 1923); Tony Martin, Race First: The Ideological and Organizational Struggles of Marcus Garvey and the Universal Negro Improvement Association (The Majority Press, 1976); K. Nkrumah, Ghana: The Autobiography of Kwame Nkrumah (Edinburgh and London: Thomas Nelson and Sons Ltd., 1957)., p. 45
Chinweizu, Forthcoming
Oͦbaͦdeͦleͦ Kambon and Roland Mireku Y ͦboah, “Haiti, Morocco and the Au: A 2016 Case
Study on Original Authentic Black Pan-Afrikanism Vs. Anti-Black Pro-White-Arab-on-Top-Black-onthe- Bottom Continentalism
A.K.A. “Fraudulent All-Africanism” A.K.A. “Counterfeit Pan-Africanism”, LEJIAD (Forthcoming).