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Vol. 11 No. 1-2 (2013): Journal of Higher Education in Africa

Issue Published : March 16, 2015

5 - Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) and Green Economy Transition: Feasibility Assessment for African Higher Education

https://doi.org/10.57054/jhea.v11i1-2.1547
Godwell Nhamo
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5465-2168

Corresponding Author(s) : Godwell Nhamo

nhamog@unisa.ac.za

Journal of Higher Education in Africa, Vol. 11 No. 1-2 (2013): Journal of Higher Education in Africa
Article Published : May 19, 2013

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Abstract

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) are a new phenomenon globally and in Africa. MOOCS have attracted student registration in hundreds of thousands per course in certain instances, as well as gaining acceptance across different societies. MOOCs present opportunities for learning in general and specifically learning towards green economy transition in Africa. Many MOOCs are currently hosted by institutions of higher education in the USA, with the first MOOC breakthrough entitled “Artificial Intelligence” having ‘exploded’ at Stanford University in California (USA) in summer 2011. The “Artificial Intelligence” enrolled 160,000 students, 23,000 of which graduated after 10 weeks. The question then is: are MOOCs feasible in educating African masses in the field of green economy transition? Born in 2008 and popularised throughout the years following the global financial crisis, world leaders confirmed from Rio+20 that green economy transition is the way to go if humanity is to remain sustainable on planet earth. This paper presents MOOCs as an emerging area with opportunities to enhance learning for green economy transition in general and specifically for Africa. The twin phenomena under discussion require massive roll outs of: firstly, learning management systems like MOOCs, and, secondly, the dissemination of massive appropriate content, knowledge and skills related to green economy transition that current formal education systems will not manage given the demand and urgency. The answer to the question raised is therefore a qualified ‘yes’ mainly due to limited e-readiness in the continent.

Keywords

Education Assessment MOOCs

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Godwell Nhamo. (2013). 5 - Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) and Green Economy Transition: Feasibility Assessment for African Higher Education. Journal of Higher Education in Africa, 11(1-2), pp. 101–119. https://doi.org/10.57054/jhea.v11i1-2.1547
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References
  1. Almpanis, T., 2013, The impact of Massive open Online courses (MOOCs) in higher education, Solent: Solent University (powerpoint).
  2. Bilbao-Osorio, B., Dutta, S. & Lanvin, B., 2013, The Global Information Technology Report 2013:Growth and Jobs in Hyperconnected World, Madrid: INSEAD.
  3. Boven, D.T., 2013, ‘The next game changer: The historical antecedents of the MOOC movement in education’, E-learning Papers, 33, 1-7.
  4. Burch, S. & Harris, S., 2013, ‘Syllabus: Climate Literacy: Navigating Climate Change Conversations’, Available online at: https://www.coursera.org/#course/ climateliteracy. Accessed 8 September 2013.
  5. Coursera, 2013a, ‘Global partners’, Available at: https://www.coursera.org/#partners.
  6. Accessed 8 September 2013.
  7. Coursera, 2013b, ‘Courses’, Available at: https://www.coursera.org/courses.
  8. Accessed 8 September 2013.
  9. edX., 2013, ‘Courses’, Available online at: https://www.edx.org/course-list/allschools/allsubjects/allcourses. Accessed 8 September 2013.
  10. Fini, A., 2009, ‘The Technological Dimension of a Massive Open Online Course: The Case of the CCK08 Course Tools’, International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 10 (5), 1-26.
  11. Gaebel, M., 2013, ‘MOOCs: Massive Open Online Courses (EUA Occasional Paper)’,Brussels: European University Association (EUA).
  12. Mahraj, K., 2012, ‘Using Information Expertise to Enhance Massive Open Online Courses’, Public Services Quarterly, 8(4), 359-368
  13. Martin, F.G., 2012, ‘Will Massive Open Online Courses Change How We Teach?’ Sharing recent experiences with an online course. Communications of the ACM, 55(8), 26-28.
  14. McAuley, A., ‘Stewart, B., Siemens, G., & Cormier, D., 2010, Massive Open Online Courses: Digital Ways of Knowing and Learning’, Available online at: http://www.elearnspace.org/Articles/MOOC_Final.pdf. Accessed 10 September 2013.
  15. McPhie, E., 2003, ‘World Economic Forum-NEPAD E-Readiness Policy Programme: Building Capacity to Narrow the Digital Divide in Africa from within’, Bridges.org: Durbanville.
  16. Nhamo, G., 2012, ‘ParticipatoryAction Research as Platformfor Community Engagement in Higher Education’, Journal of Higher Education in Africa, 10 (1), 1-20.
  17. Nhamo, G., 2013, Green Economy Readiness in South Africa: A Focus on the National Sphere of Government. International Journal of African Renaissance, 8(1), 115-142.
  18. Nhamo, G. and Swart, R., 2012, ‘A Scholarly Framework for Measuring Business Responsibility to Climate Change in South Africa’, Issues in Social and environmental Accounting, 6 (1/2), 50-71.
  19. Open2Study, 2013, ‘Courses’, Available online at: https://www.open2study.com/courses. Accessed 8 September 2013.
  20. OpenUpEd, 2013, ‘OpenUpEd Courses’, Available online at: http://www.openuped.eu/courses. Accessed 8 September 2013.
  21. Pappano, L., 2012, ‘The year of the MOOC’, Available online at: http://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/04/education/edlife/massive-open-online-courses-are-multiplying-at-a-rapid-pace.html?_r=0. Accessed 10 September 2013.
  22. Russell, D.M., Klemmer, S., Fox, A., Latulipe, C., Duneier, M., & Losh, E., 2013, ‘Will Massive Online Open Courses (MOOCs) Change Education?’, in conference proceedings: CHI 2013: Changing Perspectives, Paris: Authors, 2394-2398.
  23. The Economist, 2011, Digital Economy Rankings 2010: Beyond e-readiness.
  24. London: The Economist Intelligent Unit.
  25. Tomkin, J., 2013, ‘Syllabus: Introduction to Sustainability’, Available online at: https://class.coursera.org/sustain-004/wiki/view?page=HomePage. Accessed 8
  26. September 2013.
  27. UNCSD, 2012, ‘The Future We Want’, Rio De Janeiro: United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development.
  28. UNDP, 2012, ‘UN promotes green economy for sustainable development and poverty reduction’,Available online at: http://www.undg.org/docs/12791/UN%20 Zimbabwe%20Newsletter%20ISSUE%20V.PDF .
  29. Accessed 18 September 2013.
  30. UNECA, 2012, ‘Progress Towards Sustainable Development in Southern Africa’,Addis Ababa, UNECA.
  31. UNEP, 2011, ‘Towards a Green Economy: Pathways to Sustainable Development and Poverty Eradication-A Synthesis for Policy Makers’, Nairobi: UNEP.
  32. Watters, A., 2013, ‘Top Ed-Tech Trends of 2012: MOOCs’, Available online at: http://hackeducation.com/2012/12/03/top-ed-tech-trends-of-2012-moocs/. Accessed 10 September 2013.
  33. Welsh, D.H.B. and Dragusin, M., 2013, ‘The New Generation of Massive Open Online Course (MOOCS) and Entrepreneurship Education’, Small Business Institute® Journal, 9 (1), 51-65.
Read More

References


Almpanis, T., 2013, The impact of Massive open Online courses (MOOCs) in higher education, Solent: Solent University (powerpoint).

Bilbao-Osorio, B., Dutta, S. & Lanvin, B., 2013, The Global Information Technology Report 2013:Growth and Jobs in Hyperconnected World, Madrid: INSEAD.

Boven, D.T., 2013, ‘The next game changer: The historical antecedents of the MOOC movement in education’, E-learning Papers, 33, 1-7.

Burch, S. & Harris, S., 2013, ‘Syllabus: Climate Literacy: Navigating Climate Change Conversations’, Available online at: https://www.coursera.org/#course/ climateliteracy. Accessed 8 September 2013.

Coursera, 2013a, ‘Global partners’, Available at: https://www.coursera.org/#partners.

Accessed 8 September 2013.

Coursera, 2013b, ‘Courses’, Available at: https://www.coursera.org/courses.

Accessed 8 September 2013.

edX., 2013, ‘Courses’, Available online at: https://www.edx.org/course-list/allschools/allsubjects/allcourses. Accessed 8 September 2013.

Fini, A., 2009, ‘The Technological Dimension of a Massive Open Online Course: The Case of the CCK08 Course Tools’, International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 10 (5), 1-26.

Gaebel, M., 2013, ‘MOOCs: Massive Open Online Courses (EUA Occasional Paper)’,Brussels: European University Association (EUA).

Mahraj, K., 2012, ‘Using Information Expertise to Enhance Massive Open Online Courses’, Public Services Quarterly, 8(4), 359-368

Martin, F.G., 2012, ‘Will Massive Open Online Courses Change How We Teach?’ Sharing recent experiences with an online course. Communications of the ACM, 55(8), 26-28.

McAuley, A., ‘Stewart, B., Siemens, G., & Cormier, D., 2010, Massive Open Online Courses: Digital Ways of Knowing and Learning’, Available online at: http://www.elearnspace.org/Articles/MOOC_Final.pdf. Accessed 10 September 2013.

McPhie, E., 2003, ‘World Economic Forum-NEPAD E-Readiness Policy Programme: Building Capacity to Narrow the Digital Divide in Africa from within’, Bridges.org: Durbanville.

Nhamo, G., 2012, ‘ParticipatoryAction Research as Platformfor Community Engagement in Higher Education’, Journal of Higher Education in Africa, 10 (1), 1-20.

Nhamo, G., 2013, Green Economy Readiness in South Africa: A Focus on the National Sphere of Government. International Journal of African Renaissance, 8(1), 115-142.

Nhamo, G. and Swart, R., 2012, ‘A Scholarly Framework for Measuring Business Responsibility to Climate Change in South Africa’, Issues in Social and environmental Accounting, 6 (1/2), 50-71.

Open2Study, 2013, ‘Courses’, Available online at: https://www.open2study.com/courses. Accessed 8 September 2013.

OpenUpEd, 2013, ‘OpenUpEd Courses’, Available online at: http://www.openuped.eu/courses. Accessed 8 September 2013.

Pappano, L., 2012, ‘The year of the MOOC’, Available online at: http://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/04/education/edlife/massive-open-online-courses-are-multiplying-at-a-rapid-pace.html?_r=0. Accessed 10 September 2013.

Russell, D.M., Klemmer, S., Fox, A., Latulipe, C., Duneier, M., & Losh, E., 2013, ‘Will Massive Online Open Courses (MOOCs) Change Education?’, in conference proceedings: CHI 2013: Changing Perspectives, Paris: Authors, 2394-2398.

The Economist, 2011, Digital Economy Rankings 2010: Beyond e-readiness.

London: The Economist Intelligent Unit.

Tomkin, J., 2013, ‘Syllabus: Introduction to Sustainability’, Available online at: https://class.coursera.org/sustain-004/wiki/view?page=HomePage. Accessed 8

September 2013.

UNCSD, 2012, ‘The Future We Want’, Rio De Janeiro: United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development.

UNDP, 2012, ‘UN promotes green economy for sustainable development and poverty reduction’,Available online at: http://www.undg.org/docs/12791/UN%20 Zimbabwe%20Newsletter%20ISSUE%20V.PDF .

Accessed 18 September 2013.

UNECA, 2012, ‘Progress Towards Sustainable Development in Southern Africa’,Addis Ababa, UNECA.

UNEP, 2011, ‘Towards a Green Economy: Pathways to Sustainable Development and Poverty Eradication-A Synthesis for Policy Makers’, Nairobi: UNEP.

Watters, A., 2013, ‘Top Ed-Tech Trends of 2012: MOOCs’, Available online at: http://hackeducation.com/2012/12/03/top-ed-tech-trends-of-2012-moocs/. Accessed 10 September 2013.

Welsh, D.H.B. and Dragusin, M., 2013, ‘The New Generation of Massive Open Online Course (MOOCS) and Entrepreneurship Education’, Small Business Institute® Journal, 9 (1), 51-65.

Author Biography

Godwell Nhamo

Godwell Nhamo is a Full Professor, Chief Researcher and Chair for the Exxaro Chair in Climate and Sustainability Transitions at the University of South Africa (Unisa). He is an NRF C3 rated researcher in the fields of Green Economy, Climate Change Governance and Sustainable Development and has published widely in these areas. Prof Nhamo has over 20 years of work experience drawn from a mix of academic and consultancy spheres. Among his offerings are 17 books (13 edited and 4 co-authored) and over 100 journal articles and many book chapters. Since 2013, Prof Nhamo has graduated 11 PhDs, is currently supervising 6 others and has hosted 11 postdoctoral fellows from across Africa. Professor Nhamo set in a number of both international and national boards and technical panels addressing issues in his research space. Professor Nhamo has received many awards and recognitions that include: Unisa Chairperson of Council Award of Excellence in Overall Job Performance and Community Service (twice), Unisa Vice Chancellor Award of Research Excellence (three times) and Unisa Prestigious External Research Award and Recognition (2018). He was also a 2015/6 finalist in the prestigious South Africa National Science and Technology Forum (NSTF) GreenMatter Category for outstanding contributions in biodiversity conservation, sustainability and green economy, a 2017 Semi-Finalist in the CEO Global Titans Awards and in 2017, recognized for the Rhodes University Distinguished Old Rhodian Award for having reached exceptional heights in his chosen career by maintaining excellence in the field and service to society. Prof Nhamo also developed a five-week long course on ‘Post COVID-19 and Low Carbon Transition’ for IDEP/UNECA to be offered from 20 September 2021. Prof Nhamo was one of the four-member African Union High Level Panel drafting the Green Innovation Framework for the continent and is also one of the experts for the Non-economic Losses (NELs) Group under the UNFCCC Warsaw International Mechanisms on Loss and Damage. Finally, Prof Nhamo designed a Post COVID-19 Low Carbon Transition 5-weeks course for UN IDEP.

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