Numéro

Vol. 31 No 4 (2006): Afrique et développement

6 - How to Research the Changing Outlines of African Livelihoods

par Leo J. de Haan & Annelies Zoomers
https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v31i4.1125
Leo J. de Haan

Corresponding Author(s) : Leo J. de Haan

no-reply@codesria.org

Afrique et développement, Vol. 31 No 4 (2006): Afrique et développement

Résumé

Cet article examine les aspects changeants des systèmes de survie africains dans le contexte actuel de la mondialisation. Après une analyse du contexte historique et théorique au sein duquel l’approche moderne aux systèmes de survie a été développée, nous débattons de deux tendances existant au niveau des études sur les moyens de survie, notamment l’aspect holistique grandissant caractérisant ces études et le dépassement de sa micro-orientation. Des ques- tions d’actualité dans le domaine de la recherche en systèmes de survie sont ensuite évoquées : la décomposition des foyers, et la diversification accrûe ainsi que le caractère de plus en plus multi-local des moyens de survie dans le contexte de la mondialisation. La partie suivante porte sur deux principaux défis théoriques et méthodologiques auxquels est actuellement confrontée l’approche aux systèmes de survie. Tout d’abord, en ce qui concerne le problème de l’accès, nous démontrons que l’approche aux systèmes de survie peut avoir un contenu analytique plus percutant, en améliorant sa profondeur théorique à travers l’intégration des éléments de souveraineté et de pouvoir. Deuxièmement, il existe la question de l’accès aux opportunités donnant accès aux moyens de survie, en relation au processus de prise de décision. Dans ce contexte, nous passons en revue divers concepts, tels que les stratégies et styles de survie, afin de rendre opérationnelle cette amélioration de la teneur théorique. Ensuite, nous proposons des trajectoires de survie, comme méthodologie adaptée permettant d’examiner les voies de survie en Afrique. Cet article propose par la même, un agenda pour la recherche future en matière de systèmes de survie africains.


 

[1]
de Haan, L.J. 2006. 6 - How to Research the Changing Outlines of African Livelihoods: par Leo J. de Haan & Annelies Zoomers. Afrique et développement. 31, 4 (janv. 2006). DOI:https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v31i4.1125.
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