Numéro

Vol. 42 No 1 (2017): Afrique et développement: Numéro spécial sur la gouvernance de la santé en Afrique : état des lieux

8 - Workable Social Health Insurance Systems in Sub-Saharan Africa: Insights from Four Countries

https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v42i1.789
Ebenezer Olatunji Olugbenga

Afrique et développement, Vol. 42 No 1 (2017): Afrique et développement: Numéro spécial sur la gouvernance de la santé en Afrique : état des lieux

Résumé




L’un des principaux obstacles à l’accès aux soins de santé dans la plupart des pays d’Afrique subsaharienne, ce sont les contraintes financières. En conséquence, les États africains se trouvent devant la nécessité de mettre en place des régimes d’assurance santé sociaux réalisables, comme cela se fait dans la plupart des pays développés. Le présent article évalue les caractéristiques particulières des pays d’Afrique subsaharienne qui peuvent avoir des incidences sur leur aptitude à renforcer les capacités et à gérer de manière efficace et durable les régimes d’assurance santé sociaux pour leurs populations. Ce faisant, il s’inspire des expériences des pays qui ont essayé différentes approches de l’assurance santé avec des résultats divers. Alors que le Ghana a enregistré quelques succès, que le Nigeria et le Rwanda ont réussi à incorporer leurs politiques dans un cadre juridique, l’Afrique du Sud ne s’est toujours pas complètement détachée des structures de santé de la période de l’Apartheid. En somme, la mise en œuvre se heurte à une multitude de défis dans ces pays, et il reste encore beaucoup à faire. Quels sont ces défis, et quelles mesures sont prises pour les relever ? Comment les autres pays africains peuvent-il tirer des leçons de leurs expériences ? En prenant quatre pays africains comme études de cas, le présent article cherche des réponses à ces questions. En particulier, il soutient que les pays d’Afrique subsaharienne doivent prendre en compte leurs environnements socioculturels, économiques et politiques en élaborant leurs propres stratégies d’assurance santé qui seront pragmatiques, socialement acceptables et économiquement viables, afin de satisfaire les besoins présents et futurs de leurs populations, au lieu d’une adoption malsaine du modèle occidental. En formulant des recommandations générales pour les pays eu égard aux défis et expériences communs, l’article souligne l’importance de la transparence dans la gouvernance des ressources, de la reddition de comptes incontestable et d’une plus grande volonté politique des gouvernements africains pour la faisabilité finale de leurs régimes d’assurance santé.


Ebenezer Olatunji Olugbenga, Department of Political Science, Ekiti State University, Nigeria. Email: olugbenga2010@gmail.com




[1]
Olatunji Olugbenga, E. 2017. 8 - Workable Social Health Insurance Systems in Sub-Saharan Africa: Insights from Four Countries. Afrique et développement. 42, 1 (oct. 2017). DOI:https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v42i1.789.
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Biographie de l'auteur

Ebenezer Olatunji Olugbenga

Department of Political Science, Ekiti State University, Nigeria.
Email: olugbenga2010@gmail.com

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