4 - Ex-Mineworkers and New Skills: Contradictory Perspectives of Stakeholder*
Corresponding Author(s) : Siphelo Ngcwangu
Revue africaine de sociologie,
Vol. 24 No 2 (2020): Revue africaine de sociologie
Résumé
* This research draws on a project which was supported by the Mining Qualifications Authority (MQA) who had contracted the Wits University REAL Centre to conduct research on a pilot project aimed at researching the challenges of finding alternative livelihood strategies for ex-mineworkers. The MQA has later expanded this project to a national level covering the various regions of mining activity in South Africa as well as labour sending areas. The pilot study was conducted in the Carletonville on the West of Johannesburg in the Gauteng Province of South Africa.
La question du développement des compétences est placée au centre comme moyen de donner aux anciens mineurs les moyens de poursuivre des carrières alternatives et / ou de rechercher des moyens de «travail indépendant» ciblant leurs économies locales comme base principale pour saisir ces opportunités. Les ex-mineurs sont confrontés à des défis cruciaux de survie économique lorsqu’ils quittent leur emploi en raison des réductions d’effectifs et des fermetures de mines. Cet article s’appuie sur vingt-deux entretiens avec des syndicalistes, une association d’employeurs et d’anciens mineurs sur la base de leurs expériences de participation à divers programmes destinés à les former à la participation à diverses activités économiques en dehors du secteur minier. La recherche a été menée dans la région de Carletonville à l’ouest de Johannesburg dans la province de Gauteng en Afrique du Sud, les travailleurs avaient été employés dans une mine d’or, qui avait fermé en raison de la conjoncture économique. La recherche se concentre sur les travailleurs qui ont participé à un projet de formation professionnelle géré par la Mining Qualifications Authority (MQA). Les résultats montrent des tensions entre les parties prenantes pour comprendre les succès et les échecs des efforts visant à responsabiliser les ex- mineurs avec de nouvelles `` compétences portables ‘’ telles que la maçonnerie, la menuiserie, la plomberie, la peinture et la décoration et le plâtrage et le labour se sont révélés insuffisants pour les élever économiquement comme l’environnement environnant. l’économie a fait face à un déclin général en raison des fermetures de mines. Les ex-mineurs se sont déclarés préoccupés par de nouvelles possibilités d’emploi dans le secteur ou par une formation dans des domaines qui offriraient des opportunités économiques pour eux-mêmes et leurs familles. Les résultats montrent que l’optimisme qui prévaut dans le discours de développement sud-africain sur le rôle du développement des compétences tend à négliger la manière dont les conditions structurelles informent la disponibilité des opportunités d’employer les compétences dans lesquelles les personnes sont habilitées. Cet aspect n’est cependant pas un question qui a été régulièrement étudiée dans la littérature sur le développement des compétences et le document appelle donc à de futures recherches sur les réalités auxquelles sont confrontés les ex-mineurs.
Mots-clés
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- Ackerman G, van der Waldt M and Botha,D.2018. Mitigating the socio-economic consequences of mine closure, The Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Vol. 118, April, pp. 439 - 447
- Allais, S. 2015. Livelihoods, Sustainability, and Skills. In Education and International Development: Practice, Policy and Research.London: Bloomsbury, pp. 237–256 Amsden, A. 2010. Say’s law, poverty persistence, and employment neglect. Journal of Human Development and Capabilities: A Multi-Disciplinary Journal for People-Centred Development 11(1):57–66.
- Balwanz,D and Ngcwangu, S (2016) Seven problems with the ‘scarce skills’ discourse in South Africa, South African Journal of Higher
- Education, Vol 30, Issue 2, pp 31-52
- Buchanan,J.2019. ‘Skills planning for South Africa: Getting the questions right’ in Skills For The Future: New Research Perspectives, Kruss,G and Wildschut,A (eds), HSRC Press, Cape Town, pp 12-28
- Crankshaw, O. (1994). Race, Class and the Changing Division of Labour under Apartheid. Johannesburg: Wits University.
- Department of Mineral Resources (DMR) (2010). Revised Social and Labour Plan Guidelines , October 2010, Pretoria
- Hlatshwayo M.2013. Retrenched Workers Regenerate Resistance and Transcend the Workplace: A case study of former steelworkers near Johannesburg, LABOUR, Capital and Society, Vol.46, (1&2), 142-161
- Hlatshwayo, M.2014. Debating the Nexus of Education, Skills and Technology in the Age of Lean Production: A Case Study of the ArcelorMittal Vanderbijlpark Plant. In S. Vally & E. Motala (Eds.), Education Economy and Society, (pp. 125- 152). Pretoria: UNISA Press.
- Hlatshwayo M and Buhlungu S.2016. Work Reorganization and Technological Change:Limits of Trade Union Strategy and Action at Arcelormittal, Vanderbijlpark ciological Review, Vol. 20 (2), 125-152
- Jiboku, OJ and Akpan,W.2019.‘Skills Development in the Multinational Corporate Sector: Building Employee Capacity Beyond the Factory Gate’ African Sociological Review, Vol. 23 (2), 79-97
- Kruss,G and Wildschut,A.2019. ‘The need for new kinds of research’ in Skills For The Future: New Research Perspectives Kruss,G and Wildschut,A (eds), HSRC Press, Cape Town, pp 3-11
- McGrath, S. 1996. Learning to Work: Changing Discourses on South African Education and Training, 1976-1996 (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh.
- Mosoetsa S.2011. Eating from one Pot: the dynamics of survival in poor South African households, Johannesburg, Wits University Press
- Motala, E., & Vally, S. (2014). No One To Blame But Themselves. In S. Vally & E. Motala (Eds.), Education Economy and Society,UNISA Press, Pretoria, pp. 1-25
- Mining Qualifications Authority (MQA). (2018) Sector Skills Plan for the Mining and Minerals Sector: Update 2019-2020, pp 1-76
- National Training Board (NTB) & Nedlac.1995. South African Funding Mechanism Research. Industry Training-Supply and Competition Phase 1: Study 2 of 2. Pretoria: Coopers & Lybrand.
- Ngcwangu, S. 2014. Skills Development in Post-Apartheid South Africa: Issues , Arguments and Contestations. In S.Vally & E. Motala (Eds.), Education Economy and Society (pp. 244-265). Pretoria: Unisa Press.
- Ngcwangu,S.2016.A Sociological assessment of South Africa’s skills development regime: 1990-2008 (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Johannesburg
- Ngcwangu S.2019. Rethinking the skills question in South Africa, The Thinker: Pan African Quarterly for Thought Leaders, Vol 79, pp 28-31
- Ngononi XA. 2007. Anxious communities: the decline of mine migration in the Eastern Cape, Development Southern Africa, Vol.24, No 1, pp 173-180
- Philip,K.2005.‘Rural Enterprise: Work on the Margins’ In K. von Holdt & E. Webster (Eds.), Beyond the Apartheid Workplace: Studies in Transition. Pietermaritzburg, University of KwaZulu-Natal Press, pp 361-386
- Statistics South Africa.2015. http://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=4252/ decreasing importance of Gold Mining in South Africa (accessed 24 October 2019)
- Vally S and Motala E (2014). Education and Economy: Demystifying the Skills Discourse In
- Vally S and Motala E (Ed.), Education Economy and Society, Pretoria UNISA Press, pp.26-48.
- Winde F and Stoch EJ.2010.Threats and opportunities for post-closure development in dolomitic gold mining areas of the West Rand and Far West Rand (South Africa) – a hydraulic view Part 1: Mining Legacy and future threats, Water SA,No. 1, pp 69-74
Les références
Ackerman G, van der Waldt M and Botha,D.2018. Mitigating the socio-economic consequences of mine closure, The Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Vol. 118, April, pp. 439 - 447
Allais, S. 2015. Livelihoods, Sustainability, and Skills. In Education and International Development: Practice, Policy and Research.London: Bloomsbury, pp. 237–256 Amsden, A. 2010. Say’s law, poverty persistence, and employment neglect. Journal of Human Development and Capabilities: A Multi-Disciplinary Journal for People-Centred Development 11(1):57–66.
Balwanz,D and Ngcwangu, S (2016) Seven problems with the ‘scarce skills’ discourse in South Africa, South African Journal of Higher
Education, Vol 30, Issue 2, pp 31-52
Buchanan,J.2019. ‘Skills planning for South Africa: Getting the questions right’ in Skills For The Future: New Research Perspectives, Kruss,G and Wildschut,A (eds), HSRC Press, Cape Town, pp 12-28
Crankshaw, O. (1994). Race, Class and the Changing Division of Labour under Apartheid. Johannesburg: Wits University.
Department of Mineral Resources (DMR) (2010). Revised Social and Labour Plan Guidelines , October 2010, Pretoria
Hlatshwayo M.2013. Retrenched Workers Regenerate Resistance and Transcend the Workplace: A case study of former steelworkers near Johannesburg, LABOUR, Capital and Society, Vol.46, (1&2), 142-161
Hlatshwayo, M.2014. Debating the Nexus of Education, Skills and Technology in the Age of Lean Production: A Case Study of the ArcelorMittal Vanderbijlpark Plant. In S. Vally & E. Motala (Eds.), Education Economy and Society, (pp. 125- 152). Pretoria: UNISA Press.
Hlatshwayo M and Buhlungu S.2016. Work Reorganization and Technological Change:Limits of Trade Union Strategy and Action at Arcelormittal, Vanderbijlpark ciological Review, Vol. 20 (2), 125-152
Jiboku, OJ and Akpan,W.2019.‘Skills Development in the Multinational Corporate Sector: Building Employee Capacity Beyond the Factory Gate’ African Sociological Review, Vol. 23 (2), 79-97
Kruss,G and Wildschut,A.2019. ‘The need for new kinds of research’ in Skills For The Future: New Research Perspectives Kruss,G and Wildschut,A (eds), HSRC Press, Cape Town, pp 3-11
McGrath, S. 1996. Learning to Work: Changing Discourses on South African Education and Training, 1976-1996 (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh.
Mosoetsa S.2011. Eating from one Pot: the dynamics of survival in poor South African households, Johannesburg, Wits University Press
Motala, E., & Vally, S. (2014). No One To Blame But Themselves. In S. Vally & E. Motala (Eds.), Education Economy and Society,UNISA Press, Pretoria, pp. 1-25
Mining Qualifications Authority (MQA). (2018) Sector Skills Plan for the Mining and Minerals Sector: Update 2019-2020, pp 1-76
National Training Board (NTB) & Nedlac.1995. South African Funding Mechanism Research. Industry Training-Supply and Competition Phase 1: Study 2 of 2. Pretoria: Coopers & Lybrand.
Ngcwangu, S. 2014. Skills Development in Post-Apartheid South Africa: Issues , Arguments and Contestations. In S.Vally & E. Motala (Eds.), Education Economy and Society (pp. 244-265). Pretoria: Unisa Press.
Ngcwangu,S.2016.A Sociological assessment of South Africa’s skills development regime: 1990-2008 (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Johannesburg
Ngcwangu S.2019. Rethinking the skills question in South Africa, The Thinker: Pan African Quarterly for Thought Leaders, Vol 79, pp 28-31
Ngononi XA. 2007. Anxious communities: the decline of mine migration in the Eastern Cape, Development Southern Africa, Vol.24, No 1, pp 173-180
Philip,K.2005.‘Rural Enterprise: Work on the Margins’ In K. von Holdt & E. Webster (Eds.), Beyond the Apartheid Workplace: Studies in Transition. Pietermaritzburg, University of KwaZulu-Natal Press, pp 361-386
Statistics South Africa.2015. http://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=4252/ decreasing importance of Gold Mining in South Africa (accessed 24 October 2019)
Vally S and Motala E (2014). Education and Economy: Demystifying the Skills Discourse In
Vally S and Motala E (Ed.), Education Economy and Society, Pretoria UNISA Press, pp.26-48.
Winde F and Stoch EJ.2010.Threats and opportunities for post-closure development in dolomitic gold mining areas of the West Rand and Far West Rand (South Africa) – a hydraulic view Part 1: Mining Legacy and future threats, Water SA,No. 1, pp 69-74