9 - Change and Continuity in Kin-Based Support Systems for Widows and Orphans among the Luo in Western Kenya
Corresponding Author(s) : Erick Otieno Nyambedha
Revue africaine de sociologie,
Vol. 8 No 1 (2004): Revue africaine de sociologie
Résumé
Cet article traite du changement et de la continuité du soutien familial aux veuves et aux orphelins chez les Luo de l'ouest du Kenya. Il montre comment l'implication d'acteurs externes tels que l'église et les institutions parrainées par des donateurs a transformé certains systèmes traditionnels et créé de nouvelles opportunités pour les veuves et les orphelins. Par exemple, une institution indigène telle que duol (à l'origine un service de restauration communautaire, qui est maintenant devenu une maison de prière), répond désormais aux besoins des veuves et des orphelins grâce à l'aide de l'église et des donateurs. Les veuves et les orphelins peuvent désormais choisir quand et dans quel but ils doivent utiliser les liens domestiques, et quand se tourner vers des relations extérieures au groupe de parenté élargi. Il est à noter que de nombreuses veuves et orphelins préfèrent faire face à des relations extérieures au système de parenté dans leur vie quotidienne. Il en est résulté un conflit entre les systèmes traditionnels et modernes, le système traditionnel se sentant miné. Il a suggéré que pour comprendre le changement et la continuité dans le soutien familial aux veuves et aux orphelins, nous devons comprendre les nouveaux processus sociaux qui ont influencé les changements dans la responsabilité des groupes de parenté des entreprises. ll est avancé que l'aide des donateurs aux groupes vulnérables, au niveau local, devrait tenir compte de la structure de parenté en vigueur et d'autres relations si l'on veut minimiser les conflits d'intérêts.
Télécharger la référence bibliographique
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- Barnett, T. and P. Blaikie. 1992. AIDS in Africa: Its Present and Future Impact, London, Belhaven Press.
- Cohen, D. W. and E. S. Atieno-Odhiambo. 1989. Siaya: The Historical Anthropology of an African Landscape, Kenya, Heinemann, London, James Currey.
- Kayongo-Male, D. and P. Onyango. 1991. The Sociology of the African Family, London, Longman.
- Mbuya, P. 1965. Luo Customs and Belief, Kendu Bay, African Herald Publishing House.
- Ntozi, J. P. M. 1997. ‘Effects of AIDS on Children: The Problem of Orphans in Uganda’, HealthTransition Review, vol. 7 (supplement), pp. 23-40.
- Nyambedha, E. O. 2000. ‘Support Systems for Orphaned Children in Nyang’oma Sub-Location, Bondo District, Western Kenya’, Unpublished MA thesis, Institute of African Studies, University of Nairobi.
- Nyambedha, E. O. and J. Aagaard-Hansen. 2003. ‘Changing Place, Changing Position: Orphans’ Movements in a Community with high HIV/AIDS Prevalence in Western Kenya’, in K. F.
- Olwig, and E. Gullov, (eds.), Children’s Places: Cross-Cultural Perspectives, London, Routledge, pp. 162-176.
- Nyambedha, E. O. and J. Aagaard-Hansen. Forthcoming. ‘The Re-Invention of Duol as a Potential, Community-Based Solution to the Problems of Orphanhood in Western Kenya’, Paper submitted for publication.
- Nyambedha, E. O., S. Wandibba, and J. Aagaard-Hansen. 2001. ‘Policy Implications of the Inadequate Support Systems for Orphans in Western Kenya’, Health policy, vol. 58, no. 1, pp.83-96.
- Nambedha, E. O., S. Wandibba, and J. Aagaard-Hansen. 2003a. ‘Changing Patterns of Orphan Care Due to the HIV Epidemic in Western Kenya’, Social science and medicine, vol. 57, no. 2, pp. 301-311.
- Nyambedha, E. O., S. Wandibba, and J. Aagaard-Hansen. 2003b. ‘“Retirement lost”: The New Role of the Elderly as Caretakers of Orphans in Western Kenya’, Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 33-52.
- Ocholla-Ayayo, A. B. C. 1976. Traditional Ideology and Ethics among the Southern Luo.
- Uppsala, The Scandinavian Institute of African Studies. Ominde, S. H. 1952. The Luo Girl: From Infancy to Marriage, London, Macmillan.
- Ouko, A. G. 1999. ‘Potential of a Local Community in HIV Preventive Strategies and Care: The Case of “Nyoluoro” in Usigu Division, Siaya District’, Unpublished MA thesis, Institute of African Studies, University of Nairobi.
- Parkin, D. 1978. The Cultural Definition of Political Response: Lineal Destiny among the Luo, London, Academic Press.
- Poonawala, S., and R. Cantor. 1991. Children Orphaned by AIDS: A Call for Action for NGOs and Donors, Washington, D.C., National Council for International Health.
- Potash, B. 1986. ‘Wives of the Grave: Widows in a Rural Luo Community’, in Betty Potash, (ed.), Widows in African Societies, Stanford, Stanford University Press, pp. 44-46.
- UNICEF. 1994. ‘AIDS and Child Victims’, in The State of the World’s Children, New York, Oxford University Press.
- Whisson, M. 1964. Change and Challenge: A Study of the Social and Economic Changes among the Luo, Nairobi, Christian Council of Kenya.
Les références
Barnett, T. and P. Blaikie. 1992. AIDS in Africa: Its Present and Future Impact, London, Belhaven Press.
Cohen, D. W. and E. S. Atieno-Odhiambo. 1989. Siaya: The Historical Anthropology of an African Landscape, Kenya, Heinemann, London, James Currey.
Kayongo-Male, D. and P. Onyango. 1991. The Sociology of the African Family, London, Longman.
Mbuya, P. 1965. Luo Customs and Belief, Kendu Bay, African Herald Publishing House.
Ntozi, J. P. M. 1997. ‘Effects of AIDS on Children: The Problem of Orphans in Uganda’, HealthTransition Review, vol. 7 (supplement), pp. 23-40.
Nyambedha, E. O. 2000. ‘Support Systems for Orphaned Children in Nyang’oma Sub-Location, Bondo District, Western Kenya’, Unpublished MA thesis, Institute of African Studies, University of Nairobi.
Nyambedha, E. O. and J. Aagaard-Hansen. 2003. ‘Changing Place, Changing Position: Orphans’ Movements in a Community with high HIV/AIDS Prevalence in Western Kenya’, in K. F.
Olwig, and E. Gullov, (eds.), Children’s Places: Cross-Cultural Perspectives, London, Routledge, pp. 162-176.
Nyambedha, E. O. and J. Aagaard-Hansen. Forthcoming. ‘The Re-Invention of Duol as a Potential, Community-Based Solution to the Problems of Orphanhood in Western Kenya’, Paper submitted for publication.
Nyambedha, E. O., S. Wandibba, and J. Aagaard-Hansen. 2001. ‘Policy Implications of the Inadequate Support Systems for Orphans in Western Kenya’, Health policy, vol. 58, no. 1, pp.83-96.
Nambedha, E. O., S. Wandibba, and J. Aagaard-Hansen. 2003a. ‘Changing Patterns of Orphan Care Due to the HIV Epidemic in Western Kenya’, Social science and medicine, vol. 57, no. 2, pp. 301-311.
Nyambedha, E. O., S. Wandibba, and J. Aagaard-Hansen. 2003b. ‘“Retirement lost”: The New Role of the Elderly as Caretakers of Orphans in Western Kenya’, Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 33-52.
Ocholla-Ayayo, A. B. C. 1976. Traditional Ideology and Ethics among the Southern Luo.
Uppsala, The Scandinavian Institute of African Studies. Ominde, S. H. 1952. The Luo Girl: From Infancy to Marriage, London, Macmillan.
Ouko, A. G. 1999. ‘Potential of a Local Community in HIV Preventive Strategies and Care: The Case of “Nyoluoro” in Usigu Division, Siaya District’, Unpublished MA thesis, Institute of African Studies, University of Nairobi.
Parkin, D. 1978. The Cultural Definition of Political Response: Lineal Destiny among the Luo, London, Academic Press.
Poonawala, S., and R. Cantor. 1991. Children Orphaned by AIDS: A Call for Action for NGOs and Donors, Washington, D.C., National Council for International Health.
Potash, B. 1986. ‘Wives of the Grave: Widows in a Rural Luo Community’, in Betty Potash, (ed.), Widows in African Societies, Stanford, Stanford University Press, pp. 44-46.
UNICEF. 1994. ‘AIDS and Child Victims’, in The State of the World’s Children, New York, Oxford University Press.
Whisson, M. 1964. Change and Challenge: A Study of the Social and Economic Changes among the Luo, Nairobi, Christian Council of Kenya.