6 - The National Produce Marketing Board in Cameroon, 1978–91: An Analysis of its Origin, Performance and Collapse
Corresponding Author(s) : Kingsly Awang Ollong
Afrika Zamani,
No 22-23 (2015): Afrika Zamani: Revue annuelle d’histoire africaine
Résumé
Le fonctionnement des offices de monopole des exportations africaines a été l’un des sujets les plus controversés en matière de commercialisation légale des produits agricoles. Suite à la réunification des deux Cameroun en octobre 1961, deux offices agricoles avaient été mis en place pour empêcher l’exploitation des agriculteurs par les acheteurs indépendants de produits alimentaires. Dans ce contexte, entre 1961 et 1976, deux offices de produits de base ont vu le jour, l’Office de commercialisation du Cameroun occidental dans l’Ouest du Cameroun et les Caisses de Stabilisation dans l’Est du Cameroun, afin de contrôler et de stabiliser les prix des produits agricoles. Ces offices ont fusionné en 1976, aboutissant ainsi à la création de l’Office national de commercialisation des produits de base (ONCPB) du Cameroun. Le présent article se focalise sur l’essor, la performance et la faillite de l’ONCPB ainsi que sur l’importance de la commercialisation des produits de base pour l’économie camerounaise. Il donne un aperçu sur les origines historiques de l’ONCPB, son envergure, ses activités, sa performance et sa faillite ainsi que sa liquidation en 1991. L’article met également l’accent sur le sort du secteur du café et du cacao en examinant les conséquences des programmes d’ajustement structurel sur les activités de l’ONCPB.
Mots-clés
Télécharger la référence bibliographique
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- Abbott, J.C. and Creupelandt, H.C., 1966, Agricultural Marketing Boards: Their Establishment and Operation, Rome: FAO.
- Africa Research Bulletin, 1989a, ‘Cameroon: market restructuring’, 26 (11), December: 9767.
- Africa Research Bulletin, 1989b, ‘Cameroon: state withdrawal from public companies’, 26 (9), October: 9713–14.
- Assoumou, J., 1977, L’Economie du Cacao, Paris.
- Bates, R., 2005, Markets and States in Tropical Africa: the political basis of agricultural policies, Berkeley: University of California Press.
- Bauer, P.T. and Yamey, B.S., 1968, Markets, Market Control, and Marketing Reform, Letchworth (UK): Garden City Press.
- Boutrais, J. et al., 1979, ‘Population, Plannification et Développement rural: Exemple du Cameroun’, CGN/CSES Publication 21: 65.
- Cameroon Ministry of Commerce, 1989, Performance Contract for the Office National pour le commercialisation des produits de base, Yaoundé: Ministry of Commerce and Industry.
- Champaud, J., 1983, Villes et Campagnes du Cameroun de l’Ouest, Paris.
- Courade, G., 1988, ‘Organisation paysannes, sociétés rurales, Etat et développement au Cameroun’, paper presented at the conference on the Political Economy of Cameroon, Historical Perspectives, African Studies Centre, Leiden, June 1–4.
- FAO, 1990, Structural Adjustment and Agricultural Marketing, Selected Papers, Marketing and Rural Finance Service, Rome.
- Helleiner, G.K., 1996, Peasant Agriculture, Government and Economic Growth in Nigeria, Homewood.
- Hesp, P., 1985, ‘Agricultural pricing and Rural Development in Cameroon, 1960-1980’, Journal für Entwicklungspolitik 3: 112–30.
- Hesp, P. and Van der Laan, L., 1985, ‘Marketing boards in tropical Africa: a survey’, in Arhin, K., Hesp P. and van der Laan, L., eds, Marketing Boards in Tropical Africa, London.
- Hubbard, M. and Smith, M., 1996, ‘The Role of Government in Adjusting Economies’, Agricultural Marketing Sector Review, Paper 6, Birmingham: University of Birmingham Development Administration Group.
- Jua, N., 1990, ‘Economic Management in Neo-Colonial States: A Case Study of Cameroon’, Research Report N0 38/ 1990, African Studies Centre, Leiden.
- Lele U. and Christiansen R., 1989, Markets, Marketing Boards, and Cooperatives in Africa: Issues in Adjustment Policy, MADIA Discussion Paper 11, Washington DC: World Bank. Marchés Tropicaux et Méditerranéennes, 1962, Weekly Journal, Paris.
- Marchés Tropicaux et Méditerranéennes, 1979.
- Nlend, V., 1997, Etude de l’Impact et des Conséquences de la Libéralisation des Processus de Transformation et de Commercialisation du Cacao au Cameroun, FAO National Report, Douala.
- Ul Haque I., 2004. Commodities Under Neoliberalism: The Case of Cocoa, G- 24 Discussion Paper Series 25, Geneva: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD).
- UNCTAD, 1993, Government Policies Affecting Coffee Export Marketing, Workshop for Senior Government Policy-Makers, Nairobi, 29 November–3 December.
- Van Chi-Bonnardel, R.N., 1978, Vie de Relations au Sénégal: la Circulation des Biens, Dakar.
- Van der Laan, H., 1988, Cocoa and Coffee Buying in Cameroon: the role of the marketing boards in the South West and North West Provinces, 1978-1987, Working Paper No. 11.
- Van der Laan, H. & W.T.M. Van Haaren, 1990. African Marketing Boards under Structural: The Experience of Sub-Saharan Africa during the 1980s, Working Paper No. 13, African studies Centre Leiden.
Les références
Abbott, J.C. and Creupelandt, H.C., 1966, Agricultural Marketing Boards: Their Establishment and Operation, Rome: FAO.
Africa Research Bulletin, 1989a, ‘Cameroon: market restructuring’, 26 (11), December: 9767.
Africa Research Bulletin, 1989b, ‘Cameroon: state withdrawal from public companies’, 26 (9), October: 9713–14.
Assoumou, J., 1977, L’Economie du Cacao, Paris.
Bates, R., 2005, Markets and States in Tropical Africa: the political basis of agricultural policies, Berkeley: University of California Press.
Bauer, P.T. and Yamey, B.S., 1968, Markets, Market Control, and Marketing Reform, Letchworth (UK): Garden City Press.
Boutrais, J. et al., 1979, ‘Population, Plannification et Développement rural: Exemple du Cameroun’, CGN/CSES Publication 21: 65.
Cameroon Ministry of Commerce, 1989, Performance Contract for the Office National pour le commercialisation des produits de base, Yaoundé: Ministry of Commerce and Industry.
Champaud, J., 1983, Villes et Campagnes du Cameroun de l’Ouest, Paris.
Courade, G., 1988, ‘Organisation paysannes, sociétés rurales, Etat et développement au Cameroun’, paper presented at the conference on the Political Economy of Cameroon, Historical Perspectives, African Studies Centre, Leiden, June 1–4.
FAO, 1990, Structural Adjustment and Agricultural Marketing, Selected Papers, Marketing and Rural Finance Service, Rome.
Helleiner, G.K., 1996, Peasant Agriculture, Government and Economic Growth in Nigeria, Homewood.
Hesp, P., 1985, ‘Agricultural pricing and Rural Development in Cameroon, 1960-1980’, Journal für Entwicklungspolitik 3: 112–30.
Hesp, P. and Van der Laan, L., 1985, ‘Marketing boards in tropical Africa: a survey’, in Arhin, K., Hesp P. and van der Laan, L., eds, Marketing Boards in Tropical Africa, London.
Hubbard, M. and Smith, M., 1996, ‘The Role of Government in Adjusting Economies’, Agricultural Marketing Sector Review, Paper 6, Birmingham: University of Birmingham Development Administration Group.
Jua, N., 1990, ‘Economic Management in Neo-Colonial States: A Case Study of Cameroon’, Research Report N0 38/ 1990, African Studies Centre, Leiden.
Lele U. and Christiansen R., 1989, Markets, Marketing Boards, and Cooperatives in Africa: Issues in Adjustment Policy, MADIA Discussion Paper 11, Washington DC: World Bank. Marchés Tropicaux et Méditerranéennes, 1962, Weekly Journal, Paris.
Marchés Tropicaux et Méditerranéennes, 1979.
Nlend, V., 1997, Etude de l’Impact et des Conséquences de la Libéralisation des Processus de Transformation et de Commercialisation du Cacao au Cameroun, FAO National Report, Douala.
Ul Haque I., 2004. Commodities Under Neoliberalism: The Case of Cocoa, G- 24 Discussion Paper Series 25, Geneva: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD).
UNCTAD, 1993, Government Policies Affecting Coffee Export Marketing, Workshop for Senior Government Policy-Makers, Nairobi, 29 November–3 December.
Van Chi-Bonnardel, R.N., 1978, Vie de Relations au Sénégal: la Circulation des Biens, Dakar.
Van der Laan, H., 1988, Cocoa and Coffee Buying in Cameroon: the role of the marketing boards in the South West and North West Provinces, 1978-1987, Working Paper No. 11.
Van der Laan, H. & W.T.M. Van Haaren, 1990. African Marketing Boards under Structural: The Experience of Sub-Saharan Africa during the 1980s, Working Paper No. 13, African studies Centre Leiden.