7 - Sierra Leone’s Voter Registration Data Discredits the Midterm Census Data: What are Implications for the Presidential Election of June 2023?
Corresponding Author(s) : Yusuf Bangura
CODESRIA Bulletin,
No. 1 (2023): CODESRIA Bulletin, No 1, 2023
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- Afrobarometer and Institute for Governance Reform (IGR), 2020, Di gron still dry: Sierra Leoneans increasingly concerned about the economy, Afrobarometer, Dispatch No. 384, 19 August. https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/ad384-sierra_leoneans_increasingly_concerned_about_the_economy-afrobarometer_dispatch-19aug20.pdf
- Amnesty International, 2023, Sierra Leone: Seven months after August’s protests which turned violent in some locations, no justice yet for those injured or the families of those killed. Amnesty International, 20 March. https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2023/03/sierra-leone-seven-months-after-augusts-protests-which-turned-violent-in-some-locations-no-justice-yet-for-those-injured-or-the-families-of-those-killed/#:~:text=Amnesty%20International%20collected%20testimonies%20alleging,including%20at%20least%20two%20women.
- Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project (ACLED), 2020, Explaining Rising Levels of Political Violence in Sierra Leone, in When Emerging Democracies Breed Violence: Sierra Leone 20 Years after the Civil War. https://acleddata.com/2020/12/16/when-emerging-democracies-breed-violence-sierra-leone-20-years-after-the-civil-war/
- Audit Service Sierra Leone, 2021, Annual Report on the Account of Sierra Leone, 2020. https://www.auditservice.gov.sl/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Auditor-Generals-Annual-Report-2020.pdf.
- Bangura, Y., 2015, ‘Lopsided Bipolarity: Lessons from the 2012 Elections’, in Bangura, Y. Development, Democracy and Cohesion: Critical Essays with Insights on Sierra Leone and Wider Africa Contexts. Freetown: Sierra Leonean Writers Series, pp. 209–219.
- Bangura, Y., 2018, Sierra Leone’s 2018 Elections: The Humbling of the All People’s Congress, Premium Times, April 9. https://opinion.premiumtimesng.com/2018/04/09/sierra-leone-2018-the-humbling-of-the-all-peoples-congress-by-yusuf-bangura/?tztc=1
- Bangura, Y, 2021, The Humbling of the All People’s Congress: Understanding Sierra Leone’s March 2018 Presidential Run-off Election, CODESRIA Bulletin, 7 July https://journals.codesria.org/index.php/codesriabulletin/article/view/167.
- Bangura, Y. 2022a, Provisional Results of Sierra Leone’s Mid-term Census: Rebuilding trust will be difficult, The Sierra Leone Telegraph, 3 June. https://www.thesierraleonetelegraph.com/provisional-results-of-sierra-leones-2021-mid-term-census-rebuilding-trust-will-be-d.
- Bangura, Y., 2022b, My quick take on the provisional results of the 2021 mid-term census results, Awoko, 6 June. https://awokonewspaper.sl/my-quick-take-on-the-provisional-results-of-the-2021-mid-term-census-results/
- Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ), 2022, Sierra Leone publisher Chernoh Alpha Bah threatened with death, charges of treason, CPJ, 31May. https://cpj.org/2022/05/sierra-leone-publisher-chernoh-alpha-bah-threatened-with-death-charges-of-treason/
- Economist Intelligence Unit, 2022, Democracy Index 2022. Economist Intelligence, https://www.eiu.com/n/campaigns/democracy-index-2022/?utm_source=google&utm_medium=paid-search&utm_campaign=democracy-index-2022&gclid=CjwKCAjwov6hBhBsEiwAvrvN6DdJJn0uo3a7CloSc8LyMKEeKRtOqY4A_HzMeDvu-vTUFwwAQ29hXxoCTbAQAvD_BwE
- Electoral Commission for Sierra Leone (ECSL), 2022, Final Voter Registration Figures. ECSL, 24 December. https://ec.gov.sl/2022/12/24/final-voter-registration-figure/
- EU in Sierra Leone, 2023, (Twitter), 17 February. https://twitter.com/EUinSierraLeone/status/1626568163398717442?cxt=HHwWhMC45Y3I3ZItAAAA
- Freedom House, 2022, Freedom in the World 2022: The Global Expansion of Authoritarian Rule. https://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/2022-02/FIW_2022_PDF_Booklet_Digital_Final_Web.pdf
- Hashim, I. 2021. Mayor of Freetown Yvonne Aki-Sawyerr Reacts to Census Results. Sierraloaded. https://sierraloaded.sl/news/yvonne-aki-sawyerr-reacts-census-results/
- Institute for Governance Reform (IGR), 2018, Beyond Business as Usual: Looking inward to change our story. IGR, October. http://igrsl.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/PDF-IGR-Critical-Perspective-Looking-Inward-for-Change-our-Story.pdf
- Media Foundation for West Africa (MFWA), 2022, Sierra Leone’s press freedom situation: The good, the bad and the ugly, MFWA, 21 December. https://www.mfwa.org/sierra-leones-press-freedom-situation-the-good-the-bad-and-the-ugly/
- Ministry of Basic and Senior Secondary Education, 2021, 2020 Annual School Census Report, March 2021. https://www.dsti.gov.sl/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/ASC-2020-Report.pdf
- Political Parties Regulation Commission (PPRC), 2023, Sierra Leone bans political street rallies for June multi-tier elections. SwitSalone, 4 April 2023. https://www.switsalone.com/44223_sierra-leone-bans-political-street-rallies-for-june-multi-tier-elections/
- Reuters, 9 December 2021, World Bank backs out from funding Sierra Leone census. https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/world-bank-backs-out-funding-sierra-leone-census-2021-12-09/
- Statistics Sierra Leone, 2006, Final Results: 2004 Population and Housing Census. http://www.sierra-leone.org/Census/ssl_final_results.pdf
- Statistics Sierra Leone, 2016, 2015 Population and Housing Census. Summary of Final Results. https://www.statistics.sl/images/StatisticsSL/Documents/final-results_-2015_population_and_housing_census.pdf
- Statistics Sierra Leone, 2022, Provisional Results: 2021 Mid-term Population and Housing Census. https://www.statistics.sl/images/StatisticsSL/Documents/Census/MTPHC_Provisional_Results/2021_MTPHC_Provisional_Results.pdf
- Tejan-Jalloh, U., 2023, The Early Policies of President Maada Bio: My Thoughts and Analysis. https://www.amazon.de/-/en/dp/B0C3BDLVTR/ref=sr_1_2?crid=1CMTI94AM8WIK&keywords=umu+kultumie+tejan-jalloh&qid=1682293799&sprefix=umu+kultumie+tejan-jalloh%2Caps%2C82&sr=8-2
- The Sierra Leone Telegraph, 9 December 2021, World Bank withdraws support for President Bio’s highly politicised mid-term census. https://www.thesierraleonetelegraph.com/world-bank-withdraws-support-for-president-bios-highly-politicised-mid-term-census/
- The Sierra Leone Telegraph, 10 June 2022, Mayor of Freetown writes to Statistics Sierra Leone about serious errors in the 2021 census figures. https://www.thesierraleonetelegraph.com/mayor-of-freetown-writes-to-statistics-sierra-leone-about-serious-errors-in-the-2021-census-figures/
- Transparency International, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021 and 2022, Corruption Perceptions Index.
- US State Department, 2022, 2022 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Sierra Leone. https://www.state.gov/reports/2022-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/sierra-leone
- World Food Programme, 2022, WFP Sierra Leone Country Brief. https://docs.wfp.org/api/documents/WFP-0000144976/download/
References
Afrobarometer and Institute for Governance Reform (IGR), 2020, Di gron still dry: Sierra Leoneans increasingly concerned about the economy, Afrobarometer, Dispatch No. 384, 19 August. https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/ad384-sierra_leoneans_increasingly_concerned_about_the_economy-afrobarometer_dispatch-19aug20.pdf
Amnesty International, 2023, Sierra Leone: Seven months after August’s protests which turned violent in some locations, no justice yet for those injured or the families of those killed. Amnesty International, 20 March. https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2023/03/sierra-leone-seven-months-after-augusts-protests-which-turned-violent-in-some-locations-no-justice-yet-for-those-injured-or-the-families-of-those-killed/#:~:text=Amnesty%20International%20collected%20testimonies%20alleging,including%20at%20least%20two%20women.
Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project (ACLED), 2020, Explaining Rising Levels of Political Violence in Sierra Leone, in When Emerging Democracies Breed Violence: Sierra Leone 20 Years after the Civil War. https://acleddata.com/2020/12/16/when-emerging-democracies-breed-violence-sierra-leone-20-years-after-the-civil-war/
Audit Service Sierra Leone, 2021, Annual Report on the Account of Sierra Leone, 2020. https://www.auditservice.gov.sl/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Auditor-Generals-Annual-Report-2020.pdf.
Bangura, Y., 2015, ‘Lopsided Bipolarity: Lessons from the 2012 Elections’, in Bangura, Y. Development, Democracy and Cohesion: Critical Essays with Insights on Sierra Leone and Wider Africa Contexts. Freetown: Sierra Leonean Writers Series, pp. 209–219.
Bangura, Y., 2018, Sierra Leone’s 2018 Elections: The Humbling of the All People’s Congress, Premium Times, April 9. https://opinion.premiumtimesng.com/2018/04/09/sierra-leone-2018-the-humbling-of-the-all-peoples-congress-by-yusuf-bangura/?tztc=1
Bangura, Y, 2021, The Humbling of the All People’s Congress: Understanding Sierra Leone’s March 2018 Presidential Run-off Election, CODESRIA Bulletin, 7 July https://journals.codesria.org/index.php/codesriabulletin/article/view/167.
Bangura, Y. 2022a, Provisional Results of Sierra Leone’s Mid-term Census: Rebuilding trust will be difficult, The Sierra Leone Telegraph, 3 June. https://www.thesierraleonetelegraph.com/provisional-results-of-sierra-leones-2021-mid-term-census-rebuilding-trust-will-be-d.
Bangura, Y., 2022b, My quick take on the provisional results of the 2021 mid-term census results, Awoko, 6 June. https://awokonewspaper.sl/my-quick-take-on-the-provisional-results-of-the-2021-mid-term-census-results/
Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ), 2022, Sierra Leone publisher Chernoh Alpha Bah threatened with death, charges of treason, CPJ, 31May. https://cpj.org/2022/05/sierra-leone-publisher-chernoh-alpha-bah-threatened-with-death-charges-of-treason/
Economist Intelligence Unit, 2022, Democracy Index 2022. Economist Intelligence, https://www.eiu.com/n/campaigns/democracy-index-2022/?utm_source=google&utm_medium=paid-search&utm_campaign=democracy-index-2022&gclid=CjwKCAjwov6hBhBsEiwAvrvN6DdJJn0uo3a7CloSc8LyMKEeKRtOqY4A_HzMeDvu-vTUFwwAQ29hXxoCTbAQAvD_BwE
Electoral Commission for Sierra Leone (ECSL), 2022, Final Voter Registration Figures. ECSL, 24 December. https://ec.gov.sl/2022/12/24/final-voter-registration-figure/
EU in Sierra Leone, 2023, (Twitter), 17 February. https://twitter.com/EUinSierraLeone/status/1626568163398717442?cxt=HHwWhMC45Y3I3ZItAAAA
Freedom House, 2022, Freedom in the World 2022: The Global Expansion of Authoritarian Rule. https://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/2022-02/FIW_2022_PDF_Booklet_Digital_Final_Web.pdf
Hashim, I. 2021. Mayor of Freetown Yvonne Aki-Sawyerr Reacts to Census Results. Sierraloaded. https://sierraloaded.sl/news/yvonne-aki-sawyerr-reacts-census-results/
Institute for Governance Reform (IGR), 2018, Beyond Business as Usual: Looking inward to change our story. IGR, October. http://igrsl.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/PDF-IGR-Critical-Perspective-Looking-Inward-for-Change-our-Story.pdf
Media Foundation for West Africa (MFWA), 2022, Sierra Leone’s press freedom situation: The good, the bad and the ugly, MFWA, 21 December. https://www.mfwa.org/sierra-leones-press-freedom-situation-the-good-the-bad-and-the-ugly/
Ministry of Basic and Senior Secondary Education, 2021, 2020 Annual School Census Report, March 2021. https://www.dsti.gov.sl/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/ASC-2020-Report.pdf
Political Parties Regulation Commission (PPRC), 2023, Sierra Leone bans political street rallies for June multi-tier elections. SwitSalone, 4 April 2023. https://www.switsalone.com/44223_sierra-leone-bans-political-street-rallies-for-june-multi-tier-elections/
Reuters, 9 December 2021, World Bank backs out from funding Sierra Leone census. https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/world-bank-backs-out-funding-sierra-leone-census-2021-12-09/
Statistics Sierra Leone, 2006, Final Results: 2004 Population and Housing Census. http://www.sierra-leone.org/Census/ssl_final_results.pdf
Statistics Sierra Leone, 2016, 2015 Population and Housing Census. Summary of Final Results. https://www.statistics.sl/images/StatisticsSL/Documents/final-results_-2015_population_and_housing_census.pdf
Statistics Sierra Leone, 2022, Provisional Results: 2021 Mid-term Population and Housing Census. https://www.statistics.sl/images/StatisticsSL/Documents/Census/MTPHC_Provisional_Results/2021_MTPHC_Provisional_Results.pdf
Tejan-Jalloh, U., 2023, The Early Policies of President Maada Bio: My Thoughts and Analysis. https://www.amazon.de/-/en/dp/B0C3BDLVTR/ref=sr_1_2?crid=1CMTI94AM8WIK&keywords=umu+kultumie+tejan-jalloh&qid=1682293799&sprefix=umu+kultumie+tejan-jalloh%2Caps%2C82&sr=8-2
The Sierra Leone Telegraph, 9 December 2021, World Bank withdraws support for President Bio’s highly politicised mid-term census. https://www.thesierraleonetelegraph.com/world-bank-withdraws-support-for-president-bios-highly-politicised-mid-term-census/
The Sierra Leone Telegraph, 10 June 2022, Mayor of Freetown writes to Statistics Sierra Leone about serious errors in the 2021 census figures. https://www.thesierraleonetelegraph.com/mayor-of-freetown-writes-to-statistics-sierra-leone-about-serious-errors-in-the-2021-census-figures/
Transparency International, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021 and 2022, Corruption Perceptions Index.
US State Department, 2022, 2022 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Sierra Leone. https://www.state.gov/reports/2022-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/sierra-leone
World Food Programme, 2022, WFP Sierra Leone Country Brief. https://docs.wfp.org/api/documents/WFP-0000144976/download/