Numéro

Vol. 18 No 1 (2020): Revue de l’enseignement supérieur en Afrique: Numéro spécial sur La politique de production de connaissances en Afrique

5 - Skills or Credentials? Comparing the Perspectives of Degree- and Non-degree-holding Ghanaian Graduates on the Value of Higher Education

https://doi.org/10.57054/jhea.v18i1.1455
Nana Akua Anyidoho

Corresponding Author(s) : Nana Akua Anyidoho

anyidoho@ug.edu.gh

Revue de l’enseignement supérieur en Afrique, Vol. 18 No 1 (2020): Revue de l’enseignement supérieur en Afrique: Numéro spécial sur La politique de production de connaissances en Afrique

Résumé

La massification de l’enseignement supérieur, alimentée en partie par l’exigence des jeunes et de leurs familles, a coïncidé avec une concurrence accrue sur le marché de l’emploi des diplômés. Cet article cherche à éclairer le cadre interprétatif à travers lequel les diplômés perçoivent la relation entre l’enseignement supérieur et le marché de l’emploi. Plus précisément, selon les preuves sur la baisse des opportunités d’emploi pour les diplômés, l’étude examine les forces relatives à la théorie du capital humain et à l’accréditation pour expliquer la valeur que les jeunes continuent à accorder à l’enseignement supérieur. À l’aide de données de recherche provenant d’un échantillon de 2 036 diplômés ghanéens de l’enseignement supérieur, l’article étudie la valeur relative que les étudiants accordent aux compétences et aux diplômes par l’analyse de deux mesures d’auto-évaluation : d’une part, la satisfaction à l’égard de leur expérience dans l’enseignement supérieur et, d’autre part, les attentes du marché du travail en matière d’emploi et de revenu. Dans l’ensemble, les non-diplômés s’auto-évaluent et considèrent qu’ils ont plus de compétence professionnelle. Cependant, les titulaires d’un diplôme étaient généralement plus satisfaits de leurs résultats scolaires et avaient des attentes plus élevées sur le marché de l’emploi que ceux qui n’ont pas de diplôme. Ces résultats démontrent que les jeunes accordent moins d’importance à l’enseignement supérieur en termes de compétences acquises et plus à la valeur nominale des qualifications obtenues, ce qui indique une perspective en matière d’accréditation qui contraste fortement avec l’approche du capital humain qui sous-tend l’élaboration des politiques de l’enseignement supérieur au Ghana et sur la plupart du continent africain.

Mots-clés

Compétence Diplôme diplômés ghanéens Enseignement supérieur
Anyidoho, N. A. (2022). 5 - Skills or Credentials? Comparing the Perspectives of Degree- and Non-degree-holding Ghanaian Graduates on the Value of Higher Education. Revue De l’enseignement supérieur En Afrique, 18(1), 67–91. https://doi.org/10.57054/jhea.v18i1.1455
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Biographie de l'auteur

Nana Akua Anyidoho

Associate Professor and Director, Centre for Social Policy Studies, University of Ghana. Email: anyidoho@ug.edu.gh

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