Numéro

Vol. 34 No 3-4 (2009): Afrique et développement

7 - Mozambique: The Rise of a Micro Dual State

https://doi.org/10.4314/ad.v34i3-4.63532
https://doi.org/10.4314/ad.v34i3-4.63532
Maria Paula Meneses
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9812-2177
Boaventura de Sousa Santos
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3359-3626

Corresponding Author(s) : Maria Paula Meneses

mpmeneses@gmail.com

Afrique et développement, Vol. 34 No 3-4 (2009): Afrique et développement

Résumé

La décennie 1990/2000 a été caractérisée en Afrique par une activité politique soutenue orientée vers la démocratisation. Dans ce cadre, le Mozambique est plutôt vu comme une réussite paradigmatique. Or, ce système démocratique de multipartisme continue à afficher des velléités d’un fort autoritarisme peu propice au relèvement du niveau de la réflexion dans le discours politique public.


Cette étude s’interesse aux raisons de ce blocage démocratique du proc- essus de transition politique et social au Mozambique dans le cadre plus général du processus de démocratisation en cours en Afrique au sud du Sahara. En s’appuyant en particulier sur l’analyse de la situation politique de la ville d’Angoche, située au nord du pays, l’étude estime que le fait que le gouvernement central persiste dans l’autoritarisme est assez révélateur d’une libéralisation politique non suivie de la démocratisation des systèmes politiques. En effet, si les fonctionnaires municipaux locaux sont maintenant élus et reçoivent des fonds de transfert, ils restent, en revanche, limités par d’autres mesures.2 Le gouvernement central résiste avec succès à toute tentative d’élargir le mandat des municipalités en matière de prise de décision.


Loin du modèle idéal wébérien de bureaucratie d’Etat, l’administration publique est fortement politicisée, en ce sens que le renforcement des capacités administratives de l’Etat est perçue comme un moyen de renforcer l’influence politique du parti au pouvoir – Frelimo. L’étude défend le fait qu’une analyse exhaustive des actions politiques publiques au niveau local, entre des structures politiques bien distinctes, montre que les régimes autoritaires successifs n’ont pas totalement supprimé la liberté d’expression et de pensée même s’ils ont repoussé l’opposition encore plus loin dans les espaces marginaux.

[1]
Meneses, M.P. et Santos, B. de S. 2009. 7 - Mozambique: The Rise of a Micro Dual State: https://doi.org/10.4314/ad.v34i3-4.63532. Afrique et développement. 34, 3-4 (sept. 2009). DOI:https://doi.org/10.4314/ad.v34i3-4.63532.
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Bibliographies de l'auteur

Maria Paula Meneses

Maria Paula Meneses is a Principal researcher at the Centre for Social Studies, University of Coimbra. A Mozambican scholar, she attended secondary school in Maputo, and later on did her graduate studies in Russia (MA in History from St. Petersburg University) and obtained her PhD in the USA, by Rutgers University.
At the CES Maria Paula Meneses develops several research projects and teaches in two PhD programs, namely Postcolonialisms and Global Citizenship and Human Rights in the 21st th century. Internationally she co-coordinates, with Boaventura de Sousa Santos and Karina Bidaseca, CES-CLACSO e-learning specialization course on Epistemologies of the South. Previously she was a Professor at Eduardo Mondlane University, Mozambique.
Her research focus on the political history and socio-legal complexity of southern Africa, especially in Mozambique, Angola and South Africa. At the heart of her interests are the relations between knowledge, power and societies, paying special attention to people who experienced the violence of the colonial encounter. She has conducted various projects on the postcolonial legal pluralism - with a focus on the relationship between the state and 'traditional authorities'-, the relationship between official history, memory(ies) and other narratives of belonging in contemporary identity struggles. Another of the topics in which she has been working focuses on the possibilities of decolonization of the university, a theme that he has addressed particularly from her African experience.
Her work has been published in journals, books and reports in several countries, including Mozambique, Spain, Portugal, Senegal, United States, England, Germany, Colombia, amid others. Recent publications include, co-edited with Boaventura de Sousa Santos, a volume on "Epistemologies of the Global South" (Almedina, 2009, 2011; Cortez, 2010, Akal, 2014), integrating contributions of scholars from Africa, Asia, Latin America and Europe.

Boaventura de Sousa Santos

Emeritus Professor of Sociology at the School of Economics, University of Coimbra, Portugal, and Distinguished Legal Scholar at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA.
Director of the Center for Social Studies of the University of Coimbra and Scientific Coordinator of the Permanent Observatory for Portuguese Justice.

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