Numéro

Vol. 31 No 2 (2006): Afrique et développement: Special Issue Decentralisation and Livelihoods in Africa

6 - Compromised Co-management, Compromised Outcomes: Experiences from a Zimbabwean Forest

https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v31i2.1143
Everisto Mapedza

Corresponding Author(s) : Everisto Mapedza

e.mapedza@lse.ac.uk

Afrique et développement, Vol. 31 No 2 (2006): Afrique et développement: Special Issue Decentralisation and Livelihoods in Africa

Résumé

Le Zimbabwe s’est embarqué dans un processus de décentralisation de la gestion de ses forêts après le succès de l’expérience de dévolution des responsabilités de gestion de la faune aux communautés locales à travers le programme CAMPFIRE. Cet article s’intéresse aux résultats de la co-gestion de la forêt de Mafungautsi, au Zimbabwe. La décentralisation à travers la co-gestion a introduit de nouveaux arrangements institutionnels ici, traduits par un déplacement des pouvoirs et des relations interacteurs. Mais à bien observer, la co-gestion en question n’a pas transféré des pouvoirs significatifs aux nouvelles institutions locales (les comités de gestion). Ceux-ci sont donc devenus plus ‘redevables’ vis-à-vis de l’administration forestière que des communautés locales, dont lesdits comités sont censés pourtant défendre les intérêts. Dans la zone de Mafungautsi, ceci a débouché sur des résultats sociaux, économiques et environnementaux négatifs. Après avoir réalisé que la co-gestion et la décentralisation ne répondaient pas à leurs aspirations et à leurs besoins, les communautés locales ont mis en place des mécanismes de résistance pour contrer les pouvoirs de l’administration forestière. Ces mécanismes englobent des feux de brousse, des incendies ‘criminels’, et le braconnage. Les résultats de Mafungautsi montrent que la décentralisation crée des institutions locales qui rendent davantage compte au gouvernement central, elle enregistre à l’inverse de médiocres résultats au niveau local.


 

[1]
Mapedza, E. 2006. 6 - Compromised Co-management, Compromised Outcomes: Experiences from a Zimbabwean Forest. Afrique et développement. 31, 2 (janv. 2006). DOI:https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v31i2.1143.
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Biographie de l'auteur

Everisto Mapedza

Alcoa Research Fellow, Centre for Environmental Policy and Governance, London School of Economics, UK.

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