Bibliometric Coloniality in Africa
Corresponding Author(s) : Savo Heleta
Revue de l’enseignement supérieur en Afrique,
Vol. 23 No 1 (2025): Revue de l’enseignement supérieur en Afrique : Numéro spécial sur Décoloniser la production des savoirs dans les sciences humaines, les sciences sociales et les arts
Résumé
Cet article conceptuel propose une analyse critique de la colonialité bibliométrique, un concept qui renvoie aux systèmes et structures de domination de l’édition académique mondiale par des index scientifiques et des institutions académiques basés en Europe et en Amérique du Nord. Ces index jouent le rôle de gardiens de la crédibilité, de la pertinence et de la visibilité académiques. En raison de la domination des revues du
Nord global et de l’absence de revues africaines dans les principaux index scientifiques, la plupart des revues académiques africaines sont marginalisées et demeurent largement invisibles sur la scène mondiale. L’article propose une critique décoloniale des défis liés à la colonialité bibliométrique et à l’hégémonie euro-américaine dans la production et la diffusion des connaissances. Il met en lumière et synthétise des orientations clés et des pistes pour faire face à cette colonialité bibliométrique mondiale, y résister et/ou la démanteler. L’étude examine également les moyens d’aborder les défis et les formes d’hégémonie liés à la colonialité bibliométrique sur le continent africain, en s’interrogeant notamment sur la question de savoir s’il convient de privilégier l’inclusion dans les index dominants ou le développement d’un index scientifique africain. Elle s’intéresse également aux ressources et aux mécanismes de financement nécessaires au développement d’infrastructures et de plateformes scientifiques complètes en Afrique.
Mots-clés
Télécharger la référence bibliographique
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)BibTeX
- "Abimbola, S., 2023, ‘Knowledge from the global South is in the global South’, Journal of Medical Ethics, 49: 337–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme-2023-109089 African Union, 2006, Decision on the report on the conference of ministers of science and
- technology Doc. EX.CL/224 (VIII), EX/CL/Dec.254 (VII), Addis Ababa: African Union. Available online at: http://archives.au.int/handle/123456789/4828
- Afolabi, O.S., 2022, ‘Globalisation, decoloniality and the question of knowledge production in Africa: A critical discourse’, Journal of Higher Education in Africa, 18(1): 93–109. https://doi.org/10.57054/jhea.v18i1.1456
- Ajani, O.A., 2020, ‘Sociology of knowledge in the era of academic dependency in Africa: Issues and prospects’, Journal of Higher Education in Africa, 18(1): 39–52. https://doi.org/10.57054/jhea.v18i1.1453
- Alatas, S.F., 2003, ‘Academic dependency and the global division of labour in the social sciences’, Current Sociology, 51(6): 599–613. https://doi. org/10.1177/00113921030516003
- Alatas, S.H., 2006, ‘The autonomous, the universal and the future of sociology’,
- Current Sociology, 54(1): 7–23. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011392106058831"
- "Amutuhaire, T., 2022, ‘The reality of the “publish or perish” concept, perspectives from the Global South, Publishing Research Quarterly, 38: 281–94. https://doi. org/10.1007/s12109-022-09879-0
- Asubiaro, T.V., and Onaolapo, S., 2023, ‘A comparative study of the coverage of African journals in Web of Science, Scopus, and CrossRef’, Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 74(7): 745–58. https://doi. org/10.1002/asi.24758
- Asubiaro, T., Onaolapo, S., and Mills, D., 2024, ‘Regional disparities in Web of Science and Scopus journal coverage’, Scientometrics, 129: 1469–91. https://doi. org/10.1007/s11192-024-04948-x
- Bol, J.A., Sheffel, A., Zia, N., and Meghani, A., 2023, ‘How to address the geographical bias in academic publishing’, BMJ Global Health, 8(e013111): 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2023-013111
- Boughey, C., and McKenna, S., 2021, Understanding Higher Education: Alternative Perspectives, Cape Town: African Minds.
- Chavarro, D., Tang, P., and Ràfols, I., 2017, ‘Why researchers publish in non-mainstream journals: Training, knowledge bridging, and gap filling’, Research Policy, 46(9): 1666–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2017.08.002
- Cochrane, L., 2022, ‘Foreign fictions: “Research” about Ethiopian legal reform in a top-tier academic journal’, The Journal of Sustainable Development, Law and Policy, 13(1): 64–84. https://doi.org/10.4314/jsdlp.v13i1.3
- Department of Higher Education and Training (DHET), 2023, ‘Report on the evaluation of the 2021 universities’ research outputs’, Pretoria: DHET. Available online at: https://www.dhet.gov.za/Policy%20and%20Development% 20Support/RESEARCH% 20OTPUTS%20REPORT%20(2021).pdf
- Gallagher, E.J., and Barnaby, D.P., 1998. ‘Evidence of methodologic bias in the derivation of the science citation index impact factor’, Annals of Emergency Medicine, 31(1): 83–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0196-0644(98)70286-0
- Gibbs, W.W., 1995, ‘Lost science in the Third World’, Scientific American, 273(2): 92–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0895-92
- Gichuru, E.N., and Rukooko, A.B., 2026. ‘African challenges to western-centric metrics in evaluating international research collaboration’, Higher Education Research and Development, 45(1): 319–24. https://doi.org/10.1080/07294360.2025.2564980 Grosfoguel, R., 2013. ‘The structure of knowledge in Westernized universities: Epistemic racism/sexism and the four genocides/epistemicides of the long 16th century’, Human Architecture: Journal of the Sociology of Self-Knowledge, 11(1):
- 73–90.
- Grydehøj, A., Su, P., Huang, S. and Nadarajah, Y., 2023, ‘Tensions and challenges in the decolonisation of academic publishing: A cross-tabulation analysis of articles in Island Studies Journal’, Learned Publishing, 36: 4–13. https://doi. org/10.1002/leap.1528
- Heleta, S., 2023, ‘Long road to decolonization in neoliberal and Eurocentric South
- African higher education’, in F. Maringe (ed.), Colonization and Epistemic Injustice in Higher Education: Precursors to Decolonization, London: Routledge, pp. 40–54."
- "Heleta, S., and Phiri, S., 2023, ‘“Dem European teachings in my African school”: Unpacking coloniality and Eurocentric hegemony in African education through Burna Boy’s “Monsters you made”’, in N. Andrews and E. Khalema (eds), Decolonizing African Studies Pedagogies: Knowledge Production, Epistemic Imperialism and Black Agency, London: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 121–44.
- Heleta, S., Jithoo, D., and Samuels, L. 2024. ‘The role of internationalisation in improving intra-African research collaboration’, in K.G. Fomunyam (ed.), Theorising Research, Innovation and Internationalisation in African Higher Education Institutions, Johannesburg: UJ Press, pp. 27–59. https://doi. org/10.36615/9781776447459-02
- Heleta, S., and Mzileni, P., 2024, ‘Bibliometric coloniality in South Africa: Critical review of the indexes of accredited journals’, Education as Change, 28: 1–26. https://doi.org/10.25159/1947-9417/16020.
- Kamola, I., 2012, ‘Reading the global in the absence of Africa’, in A. B. Tickner and D.L. Blaney (eds), Thinking International Relations Differently, New York: Routledge, pp. 183–204.
- Kanyika, M.E., and Kim, E., 2025, ‘Continued struggle: The growth of Scopus-indexed journals in Africa over the last decade’, Journal of Librarianship and Information Science, pp. 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1177/09610006251319546
- Kessi, S., Marks, Z., and Ramugondo, E., 2020, ‘Decolonizing African Studies’,
- Critical African Studies, 12(3): 271–82. https://doi.org/10.1080/21681392.2
- 020.1813413
- Le Grange, L., Du Preez, P., Ramrathan, L., and Blignaut, S., 2020, ‘Decolonising the university curriculum or decolonial washing? A multiple case study’, Journal of Education, 80: 25–48. https://doi.org/10.17159/2520-9868/i80a02
- Luke, A., 2010, ‘Educating the “other”: Standpoint and internationalization of higher education’, in V. Carpentier and E. Unterhaler (eds), Global Inequalities in Higher Education: Whose Interests are You Serving? London: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 1–25. Macfarlane, B., 2021, ‘The neoliberal academic: Illustrating shifting academic norms in an age of hyper-performativity’, Educational Philosophy and Theory, 53(5):
- 459–68. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131857.2019.1684262
- Mama, A., 2007, ‘Is it ethical to study Africa? Preliminary thoughts on scholarship and freedom’, African Studies Review, 50(1): 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1353/ arw.2005.0122
- Mamdani, M., 2009, Scholars in the Marketplace: The Dilemmas of Neo-liberal Reform at Makerere University 1989–2005, Cape Town: HSRC Press.
- Mamdani, M., 2016, ‘Between the public intellectual and the scholar: Decolonization and some post-independence initiatives in African higher education’, Inter-Asia Cultural Studies, 17(1): 68–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1140260 Maringe, F., and Ojo, E., 2017, ‘Sustainable transformation in a rapidly globalizing and decolonising world: African higher education on the brink’, in F. Maringe and
- E. Ojo (eds), Sustainable Transformation in African Higher Education, Rotterdam:
- Sense Publishers, pp. 25–39. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6300-902-7_2"
- "McKenna, S., 2024, ‘The resilience of rankings in the neoliberal academy’, Transformation in Higher Education, 9(a415): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.4102/ the.v9i0.415
- Mills, D., 2022, ‘Decolonial perspectives on global higher education: Disassembling data infrastructures, reassembling the field’, Oxford Review of Education, 48(4): 474–91. https://doi.org/10.1080/03054985.2022.2072285
- Mills, D., and Branford, A., 2022, ‘Getting by in a bibliometric economy: Scholarly publishing and academic credibility in the Nigerian academy’, Africa, 92(5): 839–59. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0001972022000481
- Mills, D., Kingori, P., Branford, A., Chatio, S.T., Robinson, N. and Tindana, P., 2023, Who counts? Ghanaian Academic Publishing and Global Science, Cape Town: African Minds.
- Mills, D., Kitchen, S., and Sidi-Hida, B., 2024, ‘African journal publishing: Infrastructures, visibility, resilience’, Global Africa, 7: 50–60. https://doi. org/10.57832/zzej-em42
- Modiri, J., 2021, ‘Azanian political thought and the undoing of South African knowledges’, Theoria, 68(168): 42–85. https://doi.org/10.3167/th.2021.6816804 Mongeon, P. and Paul-Hus, A., 2016, ‘The journal coverage of Web of Science and Scopus: A comparative analysis’, Scientometrics, 106(1): 213–28. https://doi.
- org/10.1007/s11192-015-1765-5
- Narin, F., and Carpenter, M.P., 1975, ‘National publication and citation comparisons’, Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 26(2): 80–93. https://doi. org/10.1002/asi.4630260203
- Ndlovu, M., 2018, ‘Coloniality of knowledge and the challenge of creating African futures’, Ufahamu: A Journal of African Studies, 40(2): 95–112. http://dx.doi. org/10.5070/F7402040944
- Ndlovu-Gatsheni, S.J., 2015, ‘Decoloniality as the future of Africa’, History Compass, 13(10): pp. 485–96. https://doi.org/10.1111/hic3.12264
- Ndlovu-Gatsheni, S.J., 2021, ‘Internationalisation of higher education for pluriversity: A decolonial reflection’, Journal of the British Academy, 9(s1): 77–98. https://doi.org/10.5871/jba/009s1.077
- Ndlovu-Gatsheni, S.J., 2023. ‘Beyond the coloniser’s model of the world: Towards reworlding from the Global South’, Third World Quarterly, 44(10): 2246–62. https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2023.2171389
- Omungo, R., 2018, ‘Africa’s science “millionaires”: Survey spotlights top-funded researchers’,
- Nature, 14 November 2018. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-018-07418-6
- Peters, M.A., 2019, ‘Global university rankings: Metrics, performance, governance’, Educational Philosophy and Theory, 51(1): 5–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/0013 1857.2017.1381472
- Pirie, I., 2009, ‘The political economy of academic publishing’, Historical Materialism, 17(3): 31–60. https://doi.org/10.1163/146544609X12469428108466
- Puehringer, S., Rath, J. and Griesebner, T., 2021, ‘The political economy of academic
- publishing: On the commodification of a public good’, PLoS ONE, 16(6) e0253226: 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253226"
- "Salmi, J., and Bassett, R.M., 2010, ‘Transforming higher education in developing countries: The role of the World Bank’, International Encyclopedia of Education, 4: 590–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-044894-7.00846-0
- Sardar, Z., 2008, Foreword to the 2008 edition. ‘I think it would be good if certain things were said: Fanon and the epidemiology of oppression’, in F. Fanon, Black Skins, White Masks, London: Pluto Books, pp. vi–xx.
- Seglen, P.O., 1992, ‘The skewness of science’, Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 43(9): 628–38. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4571(199210)43:9%3C628::AID-ASI5%3E3.0.CO;2-0
- Tennant, J.P., 2020, ‘Web of Science and Scopus are not global databases of knowledge’, European Science Editing, 46 (e51987): 1–3. https://doi.org/10.3897/ ese.2020.e51987
- UNESCO, n.d., SDG9 Monitoring. Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD), Paris: UNESCO. Available online at: https://databrowser.uis.unesco.org/browser/ EDUCATION/UIS-SDG9Monitoring
- Vera-Baceta, M.A., Thelwall, M., and Kousha, K., 2019, ‘Web of Science and Scopus language coverage’, Scientometrics, 121: 1803–13. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s11192-019-03264-z
- Vessuri, H., Guédon, J.C., and Cetto, A.M., 2013, ‘Excellence or quality? Impact of the current competition regime on science and scientific publishing in Latin America and the Caribbean and its implications for development’, Current Sociology, 62(5): 647–65. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011392113512839"
Les références
"Abimbola, S., 2023, ‘Knowledge from the global South is in the global South’, Journal of Medical Ethics, 49: 337–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme-2023-109089 African Union, 2006, Decision on the report on the conference of ministers of science and
technology Doc. EX.CL/224 (VIII), EX/CL/Dec.254 (VII), Addis Ababa: African Union. Available online at: http://archives.au.int/handle/123456789/4828
Afolabi, O.S., 2022, ‘Globalisation, decoloniality and the question of knowledge production in Africa: A critical discourse’, Journal of Higher Education in Africa, 18(1): 93–109. https://doi.org/10.57054/jhea.v18i1.1456
Ajani, O.A., 2020, ‘Sociology of knowledge in the era of academic dependency in Africa: Issues and prospects’, Journal of Higher Education in Africa, 18(1): 39–52. https://doi.org/10.57054/jhea.v18i1.1453
Alatas, S.F., 2003, ‘Academic dependency and the global division of labour in the social sciences’, Current Sociology, 51(6): 599–613. https://doi. org/10.1177/00113921030516003
Alatas, S.H., 2006, ‘The autonomous, the universal and the future of sociology’,
Current Sociology, 54(1): 7–23. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011392106058831"
"Amutuhaire, T., 2022, ‘The reality of the “publish or perish” concept, perspectives from the Global South, Publishing Research Quarterly, 38: 281–94. https://doi. org/10.1007/s12109-022-09879-0
Asubiaro, T.V., and Onaolapo, S., 2023, ‘A comparative study of the coverage of African journals in Web of Science, Scopus, and CrossRef’, Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 74(7): 745–58. https://doi. org/10.1002/asi.24758
Asubiaro, T., Onaolapo, S., and Mills, D., 2024, ‘Regional disparities in Web of Science and Scopus journal coverage’, Scientometrics, 129: 1469–91. https://doi. org/10.1007/s11192-024-04948-x
Bol, J.A., Sheffel, A., Zia, N., and Meghani, A., 2023, ‘How to address the geographical bias in academic publishing’, BMJ Global Health, 8(e013111): 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2023-013111
Boughey, C., and McKenna, S., 2021, Understanding Higher Education: Alternative Perspectives, Cape Town: African Minds.
Chavarro, D., Tang, P., and Ràfols, I., 2017, ‘Why researchers publish in non-mainstream journals: Training, knowledge bridging, and gap filling’, Research Policy, 46(9): 1666–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2017.08.002
Cochrane, L., 2022, ‘Foreign fictions: “Research” about Ethiopian legal reform in a top-tier academic journal’, The Journal of Sustainable Development, Law and Policy, 13(1): 64–84. https://doi.org/10.4314/jsdlp.v13i1.3
Department of Higher Education and Training (DHET), 2023, ‘Report on the evaluation of the 2021 universities’ research outputs’, Pretoria: DHET. Available online at: https://www.dhet.gov.za/Policy%20and%20Development% 20Support/RESEARCH% 20OTPUTS%20REPORT%20(2021).pdf
Gallagher, E.J., and Barnaby, D.P., 1998. ‘Evidence of methodologic bias in the derivation of the science citation index impact factor’, Annals of Emergency Medicine, 31(1): 83–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0196-0644(98)70286-0
Gibbs, W.W., 1995, ‘Lost science in the Third World’, Scientific American, 273(2): 92–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0895-92
Gichuru, E.N., and Rukooko, A.B., 2026. ‘African challenges to western-centric metrics in evaluating international research collaboration’, Higher Education Research and Development, 45(1): 319–24. https://doi.org/10.1080/07294360.2025.2564980 Grosfoguel, R., 2013. ‘The structure of knowledge in Westernized universities: Epistemic racism/sexism and the four genocides/epistemicides of the long 16th century’, Human Architecture: Journal of the Sociology of Self-Knowledge, 11(1):
73–90.
Grydehøj, A., Su, P., Huang, S. and Nadarajah, Y., 2023, ‘Tensions and challenges in the decolonisation of academic publishing: A cross-tabulation analysis of articles in Island Studies Journal’, Learned Publishing, 36: 4–13. https://doi. org/10.1002/leap.1528
Heleta, S., 2023, ‘Long road to decolonization in neoliberal and Eurocentric South
African higher education’, in F. Maringe (ed.), Colonization and Epistemic Injustice in Higher Education: Precursors to Decolonization, London: Routledge, pp. 40–54."
"Heleta, S., and Phiri, S., 2023, ‘“Dem European teachings in my African school”: Unpacking coloniality and Eurocentric hegemony in African education through Burna Boy’s “Monsters you made”’, in N. Andrews and E. Khalema (eds), Decolonizing African Studies Pedagogies: Knowledge Production, Epistemic Imperialism and Black Agency, London: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 121–44.
Heleta, S., Jithoo, D., and Samuels, L. 2024. ‘The role of internationalisation in improving intra-African research collaboration’, in K.G. Fomunyam (ed.), Theorising Research, Innovation and Internationalisation in African Higher Education Institutions, Johannesburg: UJ Press, pp. 27–59. https://doi. org/10.36615/9781776447459-02
Heleta, S., and Mzileni, P., 2024, ‘Bibliometric coloniality in South Africa: Critical review of the indexes of accredited journals’, Education as Change, 28: 1–26. https://doi.org/10.25159/1947-9417/16020.
Kamola, I., 2012, ‘Reading the global in the absence of Africa’, in A. B. Tickner and D.L. Blaney (eds), Thinking International Relations Differently, New York: Routledge, pp. 183–204.
Kanyika, M.E., and Kim, E., 2025, ‘Continued struggle: The growth of Scopus-indexed journals in Africa over the last decade’, Journal of Librarianship and Information Science, pp. 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1177/09610006251319546
Kessi, S., Marks, Z., and Ramugondo, E., 2020, ‘Decolonizing African Studies’,
Critical African Studies, 12(3): 271–82. https://doi.org/10.1080/21681392.2
020.1813413
Le Grange, L., Du Preez, P., Ramrathan, L., and Blignaut, S., 2020, ‘Decolonising the university curriculum or decolonial washing? A multiple case study’, Journal of Education, 80: 25–48. https://doi.org/10.17159/2520-9868/i80a02
Luke, A., 2010, ‘Educating the “other”: Standpoint and internationalization of higher education’, in V. Carpentier and E. Unterhaler (eds), Global Inequalities in Higher Education: Whose Interests are You Serving? London: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 1–25. Macfarlane, B., 2021, ‘The neoliberal academic: Illustrating shifting academic norms in an age of hyper-performativity’, Educational Philosophy and Theory, 53(5):
459–68. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131857.2019.1684262
Mama, A., 2007, ‘Is it ethical to study Africa? Preliminary thoughts on scholarship and freedom’, African Studies Review, 50(1): 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1353/ arw.2005.0122
Mamdani, M., 2009, Scholars in the Marketplace: The Dilemmas of Neo-liberal Reform at Makerere University 1989–2005, Cape Town: HSRC Press.
Mamdani, M., 2016, ‘Between the public intellectual and the scholar: Decolonization and some post-independence initiatives in African higher education’, Inter-Asia Cultural Studies, 17(1): 68–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1140260 Maringe, F., and Ojo, E., 2017, ‘Sustainable transformation in a rapidly globalizing and decolonising world: African higher education on the brink’, in F. Maringe and
E. Ojo (eds), Sustainable Transformation in African Higher Education, Rotterdam:
Sense Publishers, pp. 25–39. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6300-902-7_2"
"McKenna, S., 2024, ‘The resilience of rankings in the neoliberal academy’, Transformation in Higher Education, 9(a415): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.4102/ the.v9i0.415
Mills, D., 2022, ‘Decolonial perspectives on global higher education: Disassembling data infrastructures, reassembling the field’, Oxford Review of Education, 48(4): 474–91. https://doi.org/10.1080/03054985.2022.2072285
Mills, D., and Branford, A., 2022, ‘Getting by in a bibliometric economy: Scholarly publishing and academic credibility in the Nigerian academy’, Africa, 92(5): 839–59. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0001972022000481
Mills, D., Kingori, P., Branford, A., Chatio, S.T., Robinson, N. and Tindana, P., 2023, Who counts? Ghanaian Academic Publishing and Global Science, Cape Town: African Minds.
Mills, D., Kitchen, S., and Sidi-Hida, B., 2024, ‘African journal publishing: Infrastructures, visibility, resilience’, Global Africa, 7: 50–60. https://doi. org/10.57832/zzej-em42
Modiri, J., 2021, ‘Azanian political thought and the undoing of South African knowledges’, Theoria, 68(168): 42–85. https://doi.org/10.3167/th.2021.6816804 Mongeon, P. and Paul-Hus, A., 2016, ‘The journal coverage of Web of Science and Scopus: A comparative analysis’, Scientometrics, 106(1): 213–28. https://doi.
org/10.1007/s11192-015-1765-5
Narin, F., and Carpenter, M.P., 1975, ‘National publication and citation comparisons’, Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 26(2): 80–93. https://doi. org/10.1002/asi.4630260203
Ndlovu, M., 2018, ‘Coloniality of knowledge and the challenge of creating African futures’, Ufahamu: A Journal of African Studies, 40(2): 95–112. http://dx.doi. org/10.5070/F7402040944
Ndlovu-Gatsheni, S.J., 2015, ‘Decoloniality as the future of Africa’, History Compass, 13(10): pp. 485–96. https://doi.org/10.1111/hic3.12264
Ndlovu-Gatsheni, S.J., 2021, ‘Internationalisation of higher education for pluriversity: A decolonial reflection’, Journal of the British Academy, 9(s1): 77–98. https://doi.org/10.5871/jba/009s1.077
Ndlovu-Gatsheni, S.J., 2023. ‘Beyond the coloniser’s model of the world: Towards reworlding from the Global South’, Third World Quarterly, 44(10): 2246–62. https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2023.2171389
Omungo, R., 2018, ‘Africa’s science “millionaires”: Survey spotlights top-funded researchers’,
Nature, 14 November 2018. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-018-07418-6
Peters, M.A., 2019, ‘Global university rankings: Metrics, performance, governance’, Educational Philosophy and Theory, 51(1): 5–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/0013 1857.2017.1381472
Pirie, I., 2009, ‘The political economy of academic publishing’, Historical Materialism, 17(3): 31–60. https://doi.org/10.1163/146544609X12469428108466
Puehringer, S., Rath, J. and Griesebner, T., 2021, ‘The political economy of academic
publishing: On the commodification of a public good’, PLoS ONE, 16(6) e0253226: 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253226"
"Salmi, J., and Bassett, R.M., 2010, ‘Transforming higher education in developing countries: The role of the World Bank’, International Encyclopedia of Education, 4: 590–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-044894-7.00846-0
Sardar, Z., 2008, Foreword to the 2008 edition. ‘I think it would be good if certain things were said: Fanon and the epidemiology of oppression’, in F. Fanon, Black Skins, White Masks, London: Pluto Books, pp. vi–xx.
Seglen, P.O., 1992, ‘The skewness of science’, Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 43(9): 628–38. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4571(199210)43:9%3C628::AID-ASI5%3E3.0.CO;2-0
Tennant, J.P., 2020, ‘Web of Science and Scopus are not global databases of knowledge’, European Science Editing, 46 (e51987): 1–3. https://doi.org/10.3897/ ese.2020.e51987
UNESCO, n.d., SDG9 Monitoring. Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD), Paris: UNESCO. Available online at: https://databrowser.uis.unesco.org/browser/ EDUCATION/UIS-SDG9Monitoring
Vera-Baceta, M.A., Thelwall, M., and Kousha, K., 2019, ‘Web of Science and Scopus language coverage’, Scientometrics, 121: 1803–13. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s11192-019-03264-z
Vessuri, H., Guédon, J.C., and Cetto, A.M., 2013, ‘Excellence or quality? Impact of the current competition regime on science and scientific publishing in Latin America and the Caribbean and its implications for development’, Current Sociology, 62(5): 647–65. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011392113512839"