6 - Extension Needs of Women Cassava Farmers in Igueben and Esan Northeast Local Government Areas of Edo State, Nigeria
Corresponding Author(s) : Eddy Onemolease
Africa Development,
Vol. 27 No. 1-2 (2002): Africa Development
Abstract
Women's advancement is predicated upon their educational development. But what exactly should this education focus on vis-à-vis cassava production? Answers to this question pre-suppose an understanding of their knowledge of modern cassava production-related practices. The study addresses these issues by gathering data from 120 women cassava farmers in two selected local government areas of Edo State. Results show that the respondents were relatively young, largely illiterate and had long years of farming experience. Their levels of knowledge of improved cassava varieties and fertilizers were high while they were low for herbicides and recommended agronomical practices. There is therefore a need for the agricultural extension agency to focus its educational efforts on these problems, in addition to providing such farmers with information on sources of farm chemicals, credit and market opportunities.
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- Ake, Claude, 1996, Democracy and De1•elopme11t in Afi"ica, Washington D.C:Brookings.
- Barbalet, J. M., 1988, Citizenship, Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press. Chege, Michael, 1994, 'Retum of Multi-Party Politics' In Barkan, Joel D. , ed., Beyond Capitalism vs. Socialism in Ke11va and Tanzania. Nairobi: East African Education Publishers.
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- Gibbon, Peter, ed., 1995a, Markets, Civil Society and Democracy in Kenya,Uppsala: Nordic African lnstitute.
- Gibbon, Peter, 1995b, 'Civil Society, Political Change and the Developmentalist State in Africa,' Mimeo.
- Halisi, C.R.D; Kaiser, Paul, J. and Ndegwa, Stephen, 1997, Guest Editors' Intro duction: the Multiple Meanings ofCitizenship-Rights, ldentity, and Social Justice in Africa, A_fi·ica Today,. 45 (3-4).
- ldowu, William, 0.0., 1999, 'Citizenship, Alienation and Conflict in Nigeria'Afi·ica Developmenr, XXIV ( 1 &2).
- lfidon, Ehimika, A, 1996, 'Citizenship, Statehood and the Problem ofDemocra tization in Nigeria' A_fi'ica Dei'e!opmenr, XXI (4).
- Kanyinga, Karuti, 1998a, Contestation over Political Space: The State and Demobi lization of Opposition Politics in Kenya, ln Adebayo Olukoshi, ed., The Politics a/Opposition in Contemporarl' A/î-ica, Uppsala: Nordic African lnstitute.
- Kanyinga, Karuti, 1998b, The Land Question in Kenya: Struggles, Accumulation and Changing Politics.
- Unpublished Dissertation, International Dcvclopmcnt Studies, Roskilde University.Kanyinga, Karuti and Cleophas Torori, 1999, 'lnto the New Millennium in Kenya: Reconstructing Civil Society from bclow,' A study commissioncd by the Com monwealth Foundation and donc for and on behalfofthc National Council of GOs in Kenya, Nairobi: NGOs Council Mafeje, Archie, 1999, C!ass and ldeology of Ethnicity in Africa: A proposai for anew Paradigm, CODESRIA: Mimeo.
- Mamdani, Mahmood, 1996, Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of the Late Colonialism, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
- Mamdani, Mahmood, 1998, 'When Does a Subject Become a Native? Reflec tions on the Colonial Roots of Citizenship in Equatorial Africa and South Africa' Inaugural Lecture as AC Jordan Professor of African Studies, Univer sity of Cape Town, New Series No. 208, May 13.
- Mamdani Mahmood, 2000, 'Indirect Rule and the Struggle for Democracy: A Response to Bridget O'Laughlin' in Afi"ican A.ffairs, 99 (394).
- Mkandawire, Thandika, 1998, Thinking about Developmental States in Africa,Mimeo.
- Mkandawire, Thandika and Soludo, Charles, C., 1999, Our Continent, Our Fu ture: African
- Perspectives on Structural Adjustment. Dakar: CODESRIA. Moyo, Jonathan, 1999, Govenance and Civil
- Society in Eastern and SouthernAfrica: Challenges for the Donor Community, A paper presented in a work shop on 'What Works for
- Developmcnt', Organized by IDRC, Nairobi, Safaripark Hotel, February.Ndegwa, Stephen, N., 1997, Citizenship and Ethnicity: An Examination ofTwo Transition Moments in Kenyan Politics' In American Political Science Re view, vol. 91, No. 3.
- Ndegwa, Stephen, N., 1998, Citizenship Amidst Economie and Political Change in Kenya. Mimeo.Neocosmos, Michael., 1993, The Agrarian Question in So11then1 A/i"ic:a and 'Accu mulationfrom Below', Uppsala: Nordic African institute.
- Neocosmos, Michael., 2000, The State and Civil Society in Aji-ica: Forms of Politics and Political prescriptions. Mimeo
- Nyang'oro, Julius, cd., 1999, Civil Society and Democracy in Eastern and South ern Africa, Harare: MWENGO.
- Ogachi, Oganda, 1999, Economie Refonn, Political Liberalization and Economie Ethnie Conflict in
- Kenya,' Africa Development, XXIV (1 &2).
- Olukoshi, Adebayo, 1998, The Politics of Opposition in Contempora,y Afi·ica.
- Uppsala: Nordic African lnstitute.
- Olukoshi, Adebayo. ed., Forthcoming, Constitutionalism and Citizenship in Contemporary A/i"ica.
- Uppsala: Nordic African lnstitute.
- Osaghae, Eghosa, 1995, Structural Adjustment and Etlmicity in Nigeria. Research Report No. 98.
- Uppsala: Nordic African Institute.
- Osaghae, Eghosa, Forthcoming, 'Competing Ethnicities and Contested Citizen ship in Contemporary Africa' .
- The Economist. 2000, London: May 13.
- Wamba-dia-Wamba, Ernest, 1996,' The National Question in Zaire: Challenges to the Nation-State Projcct' ln Adebayo Olukoshi and Liisa Laakso, eds., Challenges to the Natio11-State in A/i"ica, Helsinki:lnstitute of Development Studies.
References
Ake, Claude, 1996, Democracy and De1•elopme11t in Afi"ica, Washington D.C:Brookings.
Barbalet, J. M., 1988, Citizenship, Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press. Chege, Michael, 1994, 'Retum of Multi-Party Politics' In Barkan, Joel D. , ed., Beyond Capitalism vs. Socialism in Ke11va and Tanzania. Nairobi: East African Education Publishers.
Eke, P.P, I 978, 'Colonialism and the Development of Citizenship in Africa: A study of ldeologies of Legitimation' ln O. Otite, ed., Themes in Aji-ican So cial Po!itical Thought. Enogu: Fourth Dimension.
Gibbon, Peter, ed., 1995a, Markets, Civil Society and Democracy in Kenya,Uppsala: Nordic African lnstitute.
Gibbon, Peter, 1995b, 'Civil Society, Political Change and the Developmentalist State in Africa,' Mimeo.
Halisi, C.R.D; Kaiser, Paul, J. and Ndegwa, Stephen, 1997, Guest Editors' Intro duction: the Multiple Meanings ofCitizenship-Rights, ldentity, and Social Justice in Africa, A_fi·ica Today,. 45 (3-4).
ldowu, William, 0.0., 1999, 'Citizenship, Alienation and Conflict in Nigeria'Afi·ica Developmenr, XXIV ( 1 &2).
lfidon, Ehimika, A, 1996, 'Citizenship, Statehood and the Problem ofDemocra tization in Nigeria' A_fi'ica Dei'e!opmenr, XXI (4).
Kanyinga, Karuti, 1998a, Contestation over Political Space: The State and Demobi lization of Opposition Politics in Kenya, ln Adebayo Olukoshi, ed., The Politics a/Opposition in Contemporarl' A/î-ica, Uppsala: Nordic African lnstitute.
Kanyinga, Karuti, 1998b, The Land Question in Kenya: Struggles, Accumulation and Changing Politics.
Unpublished Dissertation, International Dcvclopmcnt Studies, Roskilde University.Kanyinga, Karuti and Cleophas Torori, 1999, 'lnto the New Millennium in Kenya: Reconstructing Civil Society from bclow,' A study commissioncd by the Com monwealth Foundation and donc for and on behalfofthc National Council of GOs in Kenya, Nairobi: NGOs Council Mafeje, Archie, 1999, C!ass and ldeology of Ethnicity in Africa: A proposai for anew Paradigm, CODESRIA: Mimeo.
Mamdani, Mahmood, 1996, Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of the Late Colonialism, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Mamdani, Mahmood, 1998, 'When Does a Subject Become a Native? Reflec tions on the Colonial Roots of Citizenship in Equatorial Africa and South Africa' Inaugural Lecture as AC Jordan Professor of African Studies, Univer sity of Cape Town, New Series No. 208, May 13.
Mamdani Mahmood, 2000, 'Indirect Rule and the Struggle for Democracy: A Response to Bridget O'Laughlin' in Afi"ican A.ffairs, 99 (394).
Mkandawire, Thandika, 1998, Thinking about Developmental States in Africa,Mimeo.
Mkandawire, Thandika and Soludo, Charles, C., 1999, Our Continent, Our Fu ture: African
Perspectives on Structural Adjustment. Dakar: CODESRIA. Moyo, Jonathan, 1999, Govenance and Civil
Society in Eastern and SouthernAfrica: Challenges for the Donor Community, A paper presented in a work shop on 'What Works for
Developmcnt', Organized by IDRC, Nairobi, Safaripark Hotel, February.Ndegwa, Stephen, N., 1997, Citizenship and Ethnicity: An Examination ofTwo Transition Moments in Kenyan Politics' In American Political Science Re view, vol. 91, No. 3.
Ndegwa, Stephen, N., 1998, Citizenship Amidst Economie and Political Change in Kenya. Mimeo.Neocosmos, Michael., 1993, The Agrarian Question in So11then1 A/i"ic:a and 'Accu mulationfrom Below', Uppsala: Nordic African institute.
Neocosmos, Michael., 2000, The State and Civil Society in Aji-ica: Forms of Politics and Political prescriptions. Mimeo
Nyang'oro, Julius, cd., 1999, Civil Society and Democracy in Eastern and South ern Africa, Harare: MWENGO.
Ogachi, Oganda, 1999, Economie Refonn, Political Liberalization and Economie Ethnie Conflict in
Kenya,' Africa Development, XXIV (1 &2).
Olukoshi, Adebayo, 1998, The Politics of Opposition in Contempora,y Afi·ica.
Uppsala: Nordic African lnstitute.
Olukoshi, Adebayo. ed., Forthcoming, Constitutionalism and Citizenship in Contemporary A/i"ica.
Uppsala: Nordic African lnstitute.
Osaghae, Eghosa, 1995, Structural Adjustment and Etlmicity in Nigeria. Research Report No. 98.
Uppsala: Nordic African Institute.
Osaghae, Eghosa, Forthcoming, 'Competing Ethnicities and Contested Citizen ship in Contemporary Africa' .
The Economist. 2000, London: May 13.
Wamba-dia-Wamba, Ernest, 1996,' The National Question in Zaire: Challenges to the Nation-State Projcct' ln Adebayo Olukoshi and Liisa Laakso, eds., Challenges to the Natio11-State in A/i"ica, Helsinki:lnstitute of Development Studies.