1 - ‘I’d rather see a sermon than hear one...’: Africa/Heaven and Women of the Diaspora in Creating Global Futures and Transformation
Afrique et développement,
Vol. 41 No 3 (2016): Afrique et développement
Résumé
Le présent article est consacré au cas du Rastafari, un mouvement populaire religio-politique panafricain, dominé par les hommes, qui depuis près d’un siècle a incité la diaspora des Caraïbes au dialogue et à l’action sur les questions de réparation et de relance du continent. Bien que souvent critiqué comme patriarcal, depuis le milieu des années 1970, le mouvement Rastafari a de plus en plus vu les femmes émerger, jouer un rôle de premier plan dans des initiatives mondialement coordonnées. En effet, on pourrait avancer que, par rapport à la société dans son ensemble, le mouvement Rastafari a fait des progrès plus significatifs en ce qui concerne la parité des sexes et le progrès des femmes, ce qui est facilité par les processus dialogiques et fondés de « raisonnement » qui fournissent un cadre de confrontation d‘idées pour trouver des solutions stratégiques. Les femmes au sein du Mouvement sont donc ironiquement surreprésentées par rapport à leur nombre dans les postes de direction au niveau international et de l’administration générale de la communauté. Ce phénomène s’est développé surtout au cours des deux dernières générations, puisque le rôle de l’impératrice rastafari, ou de la lionne comme on l’appelle parfois, a évolué pour figurer parmi les lions en tant que composante principale dans les « œuvres » rastafari. Le présent article cherche à élaborer une historiographie de l’évolution de la famille rastafari et de sa construction d’une politique globale, afin de déterminer les leçons à tirer de diverses approches au cours des quatre dernières décennies relatives aux initiatives ciblant l’Afrique et visant un impact sur les objectifs durables ainsi que les besoins de développement du continent.
Mots-clés
Télécharger la référence bibliographique
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)BibTeX
- Ama, T., 2012, ‘Resistance without and within: Reasoning on gender relations in RastafarI’ tribute to Ras Junior Manning, in Barnett, M. (ed.) Rastafari in the New Millennium, Syracuse University Press.
- Campbell, H., 2007, [1987]) Rastafari and Resistance: From Marcus Garvey to Walter Rodney, Africa World Press Inc.
- Chevannes, B., 2006, Betwixt and Between, Ian Randle Publishers.
- Commonwealth Institute, 1986, Rastafari Focus ’86, Word, Sound Power.
- Harris, V., 1982, ‘Rastafari: Charmaine Montague Interview’ in FUSE November/December 1982, pp.186-189.
- Homiak, J., 1994, From Yard to Nation: Rastafari and the Politics of Eldership at Home and Abroad, in M. Kremser (ed.) Ay BoBo, Afro Karibische Religionen, Vienna: Universitats Verlag.
- Homiak, J., 1998, ‘Movements of Jah People: From Soundscape to mediascape’, in J.W. Pulís (ed.), Religion, Diaspora, and Cultural Identity: A Reader in the Anglophone Caribbean, Amsterdam: Gordon and Breach, pp. 90-96.
- Homiak, J., 1986, ‘A Review of Rastafari: Conversations Concerning Women’ in New York Reggae Times, Vol. 1, No. 6 March/April 1986.
- Hopkins, E., 1970, ‘The Nyahbinghi Cult of Southern Uganda’ in R.I. Rotberg (ed.) Protest & Power in Black Africa, Oxford University Press.
- Howell, L.P., 1935, The Promised Key, Kingston: Headstart Printing & Publishing Co. Ltd.
- Macleod, E., 2014, Visions of Zion: Ethiopians and Rastafari in the Search for the Promised Land, NYU Press.
- Montague, C., 1982, FUSE November/December.
- Montague, C., 1985, Voice of Thunder: Dialogue with Nyah Binghi Elders, Masani Productions.
- Nettleford, R., 2013, From the Cross to the throne in Niaah, J. & Macleod, E. (eds.) ‘Let us start with Africa’: Honouring Rastafari Scholarship; The Press, University of the West Indies, pp. 10-21.
- Niaah, J., 2012, ‘Rastafari Presence in Ethiopia: A Contemporary Perspective’, in M. Barnett (ed.) Rastafari in the New Millennium, A Rastafari Reader, Syracuse Press, pp. 66-88.
- Planno, M., 1996, Earth Most Strangest Man: the Rastafarian, New York: Institute for the Study of Man.
- Planno, M., 2013, ‘Polite Violence’, in Niaah, J. & Macleod, E. (eds.) ‘Let us start with Africa’: Honouring Rastafari Scholarship; The Press, University of the West Indies, pp. 22-42.
- Pollard, V., 1994, Dread Talk: The Language of Rastafari (1st ed.), Kingston: Canoe Press - University of the West Indies.
- Rowe, M., 2012, ‘The Woman in RastafarI’ in Barnett, M. (ed.) Rastafari in the New Millennium, Syracuse University Press, pp. 177-189.
- Tafari-Ama, I.M., 2012, ‘Resistance without and within: Reasoning on Gender Relations in RastafarI’ in Barnett, M. (ed.) Rastafari in the New Millennium, Syracuse University Press, pp. 190-221.
- Yard Roots, 1981, ‘Interview: Rastawoman as Equal’ in Yard Roots April/May, pp. 5-7.
- Yawney, C.D., 1984, ‘Who Killed Bob Marley? Review of Bob Marley: Reggae King of the World’ by M.L. Whitney, in Canadian Forum, December 1984, Toronto: Williams-Wallace publishers, pp. 29-31.
- Yawney, C.D., 1995, ‘The globalization of Rastafari: methodological and conceptual issues’, paper presented at the annual meeting of the Society for Caribbean Studies (UK), London, 5-7 July.
- Yawney, C.D., 1995, ‘Tell Out King Rasta Doctrine Around the Whole World: Rastafari in Global Perspective’ in Ruprecht, A. & Taiana, C. (eds.). The reordering of culture: Latin America, the Caribbean and Canada in the hood, Canada: Carleton University Press, pp. 57-74.
- Yawney, C.D., 1998, ‘Only visitors here: representing Rastafari into the 21st century’, in J.W. Pulís (ed.), Religion, Diaspora, and Cultural Identity: A Reader in the Anglophone Caribbean, Amsterdam: Gordon and Breach.
- Yawney, C.D., 2001, ‘Exodus: Rastafari, Repatriation, and the African Renaissance’, African Century Publications Series No. 4. Pretoria.
Les références
Ama, T., 2012, ‘Resistance without and within: Reasoning on gender relations in RastafarI’ tribute to Ras Junior Manning, in Barnett, M. (ed.) Rastafari in the New Millennium, Syracuse University Press.
Campbell, H., 2007, [1987]) Rastafari and Resistance: From Marcus Garvey to Walter Rodney, Africa World Press Inc.
Chevannes, B., 2006, Betwixt and Between, Ian Randle Publishers.
Commonwealth Institute, 1986, Rastafari Focus ’86, Word, Sound Power.
Harris, V., 1982, ‘Rastafari: Charmaine Montague Interview’ in FUSE November/December 1982, pp.186-189.
Homiak, J., 1994, From Yard to Nation: Rastafari and the Politics of Eldership at Home and Abroad, in M. Kremser (ed.) Ay BoBo, Afro Karibische Religionen, Vienna: Universitats Verlag.
Homiak, J., 1998, ‘Movements of Jah People: From Soundscape to mediascape’, in J.W. Pulís (ed.), Religion, Diaspora, and Cultural Identity: A Reader in the Anglophone Caribbean, Amsterdam: Gordon and Breach, pp. 90-96.
Homiak, J., 1986, ‘A Review of Rastafari: Conversations Concerning Women’ in New York Reggae Times, Vol. 1, No. 6 March/April 1986.
Hopkins, E., 1970, ‘The Nyahbinghi Cult of Southern Uganda’ in R.I. Rotberg (ed.) Protest & Power in Black Africa, Oxford University Press.
Howell, L.P., 1935, The Promised Key, Kingston: Headstart Printing & Publishing Co. Ltd.
Macleod, E., 2014, Visions of Zion: Ethiopians and Rastafari in the Search for the Promised Land, NYU Press.
Montague, C., 1982, FUSE November/December.
Montague, C., 1985, Voice of Thunder: Dialogue with Nyah Binghi Elders, Masani Productions.
Nettleford, R., 2013, From the Cross to the throne in Niaah, J. & Macleod, E. (eds.) ‘Let us start with Africa’: Honouring Rastafari Scholarship; The Press, University of the West Indies, pp. 10-21.
Niaah, J., 2012, ‘Rastafari Presence in Ethiopia: A Contemporary Perspective’, in M. Barnett (ed.) Rastafari in the New Millennium, A Rastafari Reader, Syracuse Press, pp. 66-88.
Planno, M., 1996, Earth Most Strangest Man: the Rastafarian, New York: Institute for the Study of Man.
Planno, M., 2013, ‘Polite Violence’, in Niaah, J. & Macleod, E. (eds.) ‘Let us start with Africa’: Honouring Rastafari Scholarship; The Press, University of the West Indies, pp. 22-42.
Pollard, V., 1994, Dread Talk: The Language of Rastafari (1st ed.), Kingston: Canoe Press - University of the West Indies.
Rowe, M., 2012, ‘The Woman in RastafarI’ in Barnett, M. (ed.) Rastafari in the New Millennium, Syracuse University Press, pp. 177-189.
Tafari-Ama, I.M., 2012, ‘Resistance without and within: Reasoning on Gender Relations in RastafarI’ in Barnett, M. (ed.) Rastafari in the New Millennium, Syracuse University Press, pp. 190-221.
Yard Roots, 1981, ‘Interview: Rastawoman as Equal’ in Yard Roots April/May, pp. 5-7.
Yawney, C.D., 1984, ‘Who Killed Bob Marley? Review of Bob Marley: Reggae King of the World’ by M.L. Whitney, in Canadian Forum, December 1984, Toronto: Williams-Wallace publishers, pp. 29-31.
Yawney, C.D., 1995, ‘The globalization of Rastafari: methodological and conceptual issues’, paper presented at the annual meeting of the Society for Caribbean Studies (UK), London, 5-7 July.
Yawney, C.D., 1995, ‘Tell Out King Rasta Doctrine Around the Whole World: Rastafari in Global Perspective’ in Ruprecht, A. & Taiana, C. (eds.). The reordering of culture: Latin America, the Caribbean and Canada in the hood, Canada: Carleton University Press, pp. 57-74.
Yawney, C.D., 1998, ‘Only visitors here: representing Rastafari into the 21st century’, in J.W. Pulís (ed.), Religion, Diaspora, and Cultural Identity: A Reader in the Anglophone Caribbean, Amsterdam: Gordon and Breach.
Yawney, C.D., 2001, ‘Exodus: Rastafari, Repatriation, and the African Renaissance’, African Century Publications Series No. 4. Pretoria.