4 - Uganda’s Vision 2040 and Human Needs Promotion
Corresponding Author(s) : Senkosi Moses Balyejjusa
Afrique et développement,
Vol. 40 No 4 (2015): Afrique et développement
Résumé
En 2013, le président de l’Ouganda, Yoweri Kaguta Museveni, a lancé la Vision 2040 de l’Ouganda, un plan directeur de développement de trente ans qui a reçu des éloges mais aussi des critiques de la part des Ougandais. Bien que la Vision 2040 ait reçu des éloges et des critiques à parts presque égales, je soutiens dans cet article que la Vision 2040 ne favorise pas suffisamment la satisfaction des besoins humains des Ougandais. Cependant, la satisfaction de ces besoins est une condition préalable à la réalisation d’un véritable développement. En utilisant le cadre des besoins humains en général, et les besoins intermédiaires de Doyal et Gough en particulier, je montre que les stratégies de la vision promeuvent de manière adéquate la satisfaction de seulement trois besoins intermédiaires des Ougandais, promeuvent partiellement la satisfaction des sept besoins intermédiaires des Ougandais, et qu’il n’y a aucune stratégie pour promouvoir la satisfaction de l’un de ces besoins intermédiaires. C’est parce que certaines des stratégies de la Vision n’abordent pas de manière adéquate les actuels et éventuels défis et goulets d’étranglement liés à la satisfaction des besoins humains des Ougandais. Ceci est principalement dû au rôle central placé sur le capital (secteur) privé dans la Vision 2040. Je soutiens que, pour une promotion adéquate par la Vision 2040 de la satisfaction des besoins humains des Ougandais, tous les besoins, et pas seulement quelques-uns, doivent être satisfaits adéquatement, puisque les besoins humains sont interdépendants. En outre, la Vision 2040 devrait également être en mesure de satisfaire les besoins humains de tous les Ougandais mais pas seulement ceux de quelques-uns.
Mots-clés
Télécharger la référence bibliographique
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- ActionAid International Uganda., 2012, ‘Lost opportunity? Gaps in youth policy and programming in Uganda’, Kampala: ActionAid International Uganda.
- Alkire, B., 2005, ‘Needs and Capabilities’, in Reader, S., ed., The Philosophy of Need, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Braybrooke, D., 1987, Meeting Needs, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
- Clarke, J. and Langan, M., 1998, ‘Introduction’, in Langan, M., ed., Welfare: Needs, Rights and Risks, London: Routledge.
- Dean, H., 2010, Understanding Human Need: Social Issues, Policy and Practice, Bristol: Policy Press.
- Defaux, V. and Hjort, A., 2012, ‘Regional market assessment (supply and demand)’. Available at: http://www.commissionoceanindien.org/fileadmin/projets/smartfish/Rapport/SF05.pdf, accessed 20 February 2014.
- Doyal, L. and Gough, I., 1991, A Theory of Human Need, London: Macmillan.
- Gasper, D., 2004, The Ethics of Development, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
- Gough, I., 2000, Global Capital, Human Needs and Social Policies, New York: Palgrave.
- Republic of Uganda., n.d., ‘Uganda Vision 2040’. Available at: http://npa.ug/wp-content/themes/npatheme/documents/vision2040.pdf, accessed 12 June 2013.
- Republic of Uganda, 2002, ‘National Planning Authority Act’, Kampala: Republic of Uganda.
- Republic of Uganda, 2006, ‘The Employment Act, 2006’, Kampala: Republic of Uganda.
- Republic of Uganda, 2010a, ‘Prohibition of Female Genital Mutilation Act’, Kampala: Republic of Uganda.
- Republic of Uganda, 2010b, ‘The Domestic Violence Act 2010’, Kampala: Republic of Uganda.
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- Republic of Uganda, 2013, ‘Budget Speech Financial Year 2013/14’. Available at: http://www.finance.go.ug/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=338&tmpl=component&format=raw&Itemid=7, accessed 20 February 2014
- International Labour Office, 1976, Employment, Growth and Basic Needs: A One-world Problem, New York: Praeger.
- Maslow, H. A., 1970, Motivation and Personality, New York: Harper and Row.
- Max-Neef, A. M., 1991, Human Scale Development: Conception, Application and Further Reflections, New York: Apex Press.
- Phillip, D., 2006, Quality of Life: Concepts, Policy and Practice, London: Routledge.
- Reader, S., 2006, ‘Does a basic needs approach need capabilities?’, Journal of Political Philosophy 14: 337–50.
- Scott, K., 2012, Measuring Wellbeing: Towards Sustainability?, New York: Routledge.
- Stewart, F., 1996, ‘Basic Needs, Capabilities, and Human Development’, in Offner, A., ed., In Pursuit of the Quality of Life, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Stewart, F 2006, ‘Basic Needs Approach’, in Clark, A.D., ed., The Elgar Companion to Development Studies, Cheltenham and Massachusetts: Edward Elgar Publishing.
- Streeten, P., Burki, J.S., Haq, U.M., Hicks, N. and Stewart, F., 1981, First Things First: Meeting Basic Human Needs in Developing Countries, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Uganda Bureau of Statistics, n.d., ‘Employment and Earning Survey 2008’. Available at: http://www.ubos.org/unda/index.php/catalog/3/download/14, accessed 23 April 2014
- Uganda Bureau of Statistics, 2011, ‘Uganda Demographic and Health Survey 2011’, Kampala: Uganda Bureau of Statistics.
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- Uganda Bureau of Statistics, 2013b, ‘2013 Statistical Abstract’. Available at:
- http://www.ubos.org/onlinefiles/uploads/ubos/pdf%20documents/abstracts/Statistical%20Abstract%202013.pdf, accessed 26 May 2014.
- Uganda Police, 2010, ‘Annual Crime Report 2009’. Available at: http://www.upf.go.ug/attachments/article/5/Annual_Crime_Report_2009.pdf, accessed 13 November 2013.
- Uganda Police, 2011, ‘Annual Crime and Traffic/Road Safety Report 2010’. Available at: http://www.upf.go.ug/attachments/article/5/Annual_Crime_Report_2010.pdf, accessed 13 November 2013.
- Uganda Police, 2012, ‘Annual Crime and Traffic/Road Safety Report’. Available at: http://www.upf.go.ug/attachments/article/5/Annual_Crime_Report_2011a.pdf, accessed 13 November 2013.
- Uganda Police, 2013, ‘Annual Crime and Traffic/Road Safety Report 2013’. Available at: http://www.upf.go.ug/download/publications(2)/Annual_Crime_and_Traffic_Road_Safety_Report_2013(2).pdf, accessed 2 June 2014
- Yiga, D and Wandega, A., 2010, ‘Primary School Absenteeism in the Iganga District of Uganda’. Available at: http://www.anppcanug.org/wp-content/uploads/research_reports/ANPPCAN_Uganda_report_teacher_absenteeism.pdf, accessed 14 February 2014.
Les références
ActionAid International Uganda., 2012, ‘Lost opportunity? Gaps in youth policy and programming in Uganda’, Kampala: ActionAid International Uganda.
Alkire, B., 2005, ‘Needs and Capabilities’, in Reader, S., ed., The Philosophy of Need, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Braybrooke, D., 1987, Meeting Needs, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
Clarke, J. and Langan, M., 1998, ‘Introduction’, in Langan, M., ed., Welfare: Needs, Rights and Risks, London: Routledge.
Dean, H., 2010, Understanding Human Need: Social Issues, Policy and Practice, Bristol: Policy Press.
Defaux, V. and Hjort, A., 2012, ‘Regional market assessment (supply and demand)’. Available at: http://www.commissionoceanindien.org/fileadmin/projets/smartfish/Rapport/SF05.pdf, accessed 20 February 2014.
Doyal, L. and Gough, I., 1991, A Theory of Human Need, London: Macmillan.
Gasper, D., 2004, The Ethics of Development, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Gough, I., 2000, Global Capital, Human Needs and Social Policies, New York: Palgrave.
Republic of Uganda., n.d., ‘Uganda Vision 2040’. Available at: http://npa.ug/wp-content/themes/npatheme/documents/vision2040.pdf, accessed 12 June 2013.
Republic of Uganda, 2002, ‘National Planning Authority Act’, Kampala: Republic of Uganda.
Republic of Uganda, 2006, ‘The Employment Act, 2006’, Kampala: Republic of Uganda.
Republic of Uganda, 2010a, ‘Prohibition of Female Genital Mutilation Act’, Kampala: Republic of Uganda.
Republic of Uganda, 2010b, ‘The Domestic Violence Act 2010’, Kampala: Republic of Uganda.
Republic of Uganda, 2012, ‘Budget Speech Financial Year 2012/13’. Available at: http://www.finance.go.ug/images/20122013%20Budget%20Speech.pdf, accessed 20 February 2014.
Republic of Uganda, 2013, ‘Budget Speech Financial Year 2013/14’. Available at: http://www.finance.go.ug/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=338&tmpl=component&format=raw&Itemid=7, accessed 20 February 2014
International Labour Office, 1976, Employment, Growth and Basic Needs: A One-world Problem, New York: Praeger.
Maslow, H. A., 1970, Motivation and Personality, New York: Harper and Row.
Max-Neef, A. M., 1991, Human Scale Development: Conception, Application and Further Reflections, New York: Apex Press.
Phillip, D., 2006, Quality of Life: Concepts, Policy and Practice, London: Routledge.
Reader, S., 2006, ‘Does a basic needs approach need capabilities?’, Journal of Political Philosophy 14: 337–50.
Scott, K., 2012, Measuring Wellbeing: Towards Sustainability?, New York: Routledge.
Stewart, F., 1996, ‘Basic Needs, Capabilities, and Human Development’, in Offner, A., ed., In Pursuit of the Quality of Life, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Stewart, F 2006, ‘Basic Needs Approach’, in Clark, A.D., ed., The Elgar Companion to Development Studies, Cheltenham and Massachusetts: Edward Elgar Publishing.
Streeten, P., Burki, J.S., Haq, U.M., Hicks, N. and Stewart, F., 1981, First Things First: Meeting Basic Human Needs in Developing Countries, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Uganda Bureau of Statistics, n.d., ‘Employment and Earning Survey 2008’. Available at: http://www.ubos.org/unda/index.php/catalog/3/download/14, accessed 23 April 2014
Uganda Bureau of Statistics, 2011, ‘Uganda Demographic and Health Survey 2011’, Kampala: Uganda Bureau of Statistics.
Uganda Bureau of Statistics, 2013a, ‘The Uganda National Household Survey 2012/13’. Available at: http://www.ubos.org/publications/household/, accessed 23 January 2014.
Uganda Bureau of Statistics, 2013b, ‘2013 Statistical Abstract’. Available at:
http://www.ubos.org/onlinefiles/uploads/ubos/pdf%20documents/abstracts/Statistical%20Abstract%202013.pdf, accessed 26 May 2014.
Uganda Police, 2010, ‘Annual Crime Report 2009’. Available at: http://www.upf.go.ug/attachments/article/5/Annual_Crime_Report_2009.pdf, accessed 13 November 2013.
Uganda Police, 2011, ‘Annual Crime and Traffic/Road Safety Report 2010’. Available at: http://www.upf.go.ug/attachments/article/5/Annual_Crime_Report_2010.pdf, accessed 13 November 2013.
Uganda Police, 2012, ‘Annual Crime and Traffic/Road Safety Report’. Available at: http://www.upf.go.ug/attachments/article/5/Annual_Crime_Report_2011a.pdf, accessed 13 November 2013.
Uganda Police, 2013, ‘Annual Crime and Traffic/Road Safety Report 2013’. Available at: http://www.upf.go.ug/download/publications(2)/Annual_Crime_and_Traffic_Road_Safety_Report_2013(2).pdf, accessed 2 June 2014
Yiga, D and Wandega, A., 2010, ‘Primary School Absenteeism in the Iganga District of Uganda’. Available at: http://www.anppcanug.org/wp-content/uploads/research_reports/ANPPCAN_Uganda_report_teacher_absenteeism.pdf, accessed 14 February 2014.