6 - On the Problematic State of Economic ‘Science’
Corresponding Author(s) : Lansana Keita
Afrique et développement,
Vol. 39 No 1 (2014): Afrique et développement: Special Issue CODESRIA’s 40th Anniversary
Résumé
L’économie est sans doute la plus importante des branches de la science sociale en raison de son rôle fondamental et de son importance dans la prise de décision humaine. En conséquence, elle est une discipline appro- priée pour l’analyse profonde. Dans sa configuration dominante actuelle en tant qu’ « économie néoclassique », elle se présente comme une espèce de génie ignorant ainsi son histoire évolutive. Un tel examen révélera que l’économie était et est une pensée plus compréhensible dans sa forme en tant qu’ « économie politique ». La transition de l’économie vers « la science économique » peut être mieux expliquée par la mathématisation du monde empirique par la science empirique et par une tentative idéo- logique dérivée pour échapper aux graves conséquences sociologiques et politiques de l’économie politique macroscopique comme démontré dans les travaux des économistes politiques classiques y compris Marx. La nouvelle approche a été fondée sur une prise de décision abstraite et individualisée avec peu de pertinence pour le monde réel. Ainsi, les questions importantes concernant le bien-être humain, l’équité et le rôle décisif que joue la politique dans la prise de décision économique étaient tous considérés comme étant sans apport à la théorie économique néo- classique. Maintenant une théorie économique néoclassique dominante, elle est devenue une norme académique standard dans les universités africaines. Selon le rôle idéologique que joue l’économie néoclassique dans le pillage continue du Tiers Monde, des antithèses nouvelles et ravivées sont nécessaires pour une analyse économique plus efficace.
Mots-clés
Télécharger la référence bibliographique
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)BibTeX
- Allais, M., 1953, ‘Le comportment de l’homme rationel devant le risque, critique des postulats et axioms de l’ecole americaine’, Econometrica, 29(3), 315-335.
- Arrow, K. and Debreu, G., 1954, ‘The Existence of an Equilibrium for a Competitive Economy’, Econometrica, 22, 265-290.
- Baran, P., 1957, The Political Economy of Growth, New York: Monthly Review Press.
- Blaug, M., 1996, Economic Theory in Retrospect, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Camerer, C., Lowenstein, G., Rabin, R.,(eds.), 2004, Advances in Behavioral Economics, New York: Princeton University Press.
- Camerer, C., Lowenstein, Drazen, P., ‘Neuroeconomics: How Neuroeconomics Can Inform Economics’, Journal of Economic Literature, 43, 9-64.
- Debreu, G., 1959, ‘The Theory of Value: An Axiomatic Analysis of Economic Equilibrium, New York: Wiley.
- Fama, E., 1976, Foundations of Finance, New York: Basic Books.
- Fechner, G.T., 1860, 1966, Elements of Psychophysics, Vol 1., New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
- Frank, A. Gunder, 1966, The Development of Underdevelopment, New York: Monthly Review Press
- Friedman, M., 1953, ‘The Methodology of Positive Economics’, in Essays in
- Positive Economics, Chicago: Chicago University Press, pp. 3-43. Gloria-Palermo, S., 1999, The Evolution of Austrian Economics: From Menger to Lachmann, London: Routledge.
- Hicks, J.R. and Allen, R.D.G., 1934, ‘A Reconsideration of the Theory of Value’, Economica, 1(2), 196-219.
- Hicks, J., 1939, Value and Capital: An Inquiry into Some Fundamental Problems of Economic Theory, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
- Houthakker, H., 1950, ‘Revealed Preference and the Utility Function’, Economica, 17(66), 159-174.
- Jevons, W.S, 2012(1862), The Progress of the Mathematical Theory of Political Economy, Charleston, S.C.: Nabu Press.
- Jevons, W.S., 1981(1870), The Theory of Political Economy, London: Macmillan.
- Kahneman, D. and Tversky, A., 1979, ‘Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decisions Under Risk’, Econometrica, 47, 263-291.
- Kahenman, D. and Tversky, A., eds, 2000, Choices, Values, and Frames, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Keynes, J. M., 1936, The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money, London: Macmillan.
- Keynes, J.N., 1890, The Scope and Method of Political Economy, Kitchener, London: Macmillan.
- Leamer, E., 1983, ‘Let’s Take the Con out of Econometrics’, American Economic Review, 73(1), 31-43.
- Lucas, R., 1972, ‘Expectations and the Neutrality of Money’, Journal of Economic Theory, 4(2),103-124.
- Malinowski, B., 1922, Argonauts in the Western Pacific: An account of Native Enterprise and Adventure in the Archipelago of Melanesian New Guinea, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
- Menger, K.,1981(1870), Principles of Economics, New York: New York University Press.
- Muth, J., 1961, ‘Rational Expectations and the Theory of Price Movements, Econometrica, 29(3), 315-335.
- Polanyi, K., 1957(1944), The Great Transformation, Boston,MA: Beacon Press.
- Reinert, E., 2007, How Rich Nations Got Rich and Why Poor Nations Stay Poor.
- Robbins, L., 1935(1932), An Essay on the Nature and Significance of Economic Science, London: Macmillan
- Samuelson, P. A.,1938a, ‘ A Note on the Pure Theory of Consumer’s Behaviour’, Economica, 5, 61-71.
- Samuelson, P.A.,1938b, ‘A Note on the Pure Theory of Consumer’s Behaviour’, Economica, 5, 353-354.
- Samuelson, P.A., 1948, ‘Consumption Theory in Terms of Revealed Preference’, Economica, 15, 243-253.
- Shiller, R., 2005, Irrational Exuberance, 2nd Edition, Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press.
- Simon, H., 1972, ‘Theories of Bounded Rationality’, in Decision and Organization, C.B. Macguire and R. Radner, eds, Amsterdam: North Holland, 161-176. Simon, H., 1976, ‘From Substantive to Procedural Rationality’, in Method and Appraisal in Economics, S.J. Latsis, ed., Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Smolin, L., 2013, From the Crisis in Physics to the Future of the Universe, New York: Houghton Miflin Harcourt.
- Spanos, A., 1995, ‘On the Testing of Econometrics: Modeling with non-Experimental Data’, Journal of Econometrics, 67, 189-226.
- Spanos, A., (with G.D. Mayo), 2010, Error and Inference: Recent Exchanges on Experimental Reasoning, Reliability, and the Objectivity and Rationality in Science, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Varian, H., 2005, ‘Revealed Preference’, in M. Szenberg, L. Ramrattand and A.A. Gottesman, eds., Samuelsonian Economics in the 21st Century, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 99-115.
- Wallerstein, I., 1974, et seq., The Modern World System, New York: Academic Press.
- Wong, S. 1978, The Foundations of Samuelson’s Revealed Preference Theory, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
Les références
Allais, M., 1953, ‘Le comportment de l’homme rationel devant le risque, critique des postulats et axioms de l’ecole americaine’, Econometrica, 29(3), 315-335.
Arrow, K. and Debreu, G., 1954, ‘The Existence of an Equilibrium for a Competitive Economy’, Econometrica, 22, 265-290.
Baran, P., 1957, The Political Economy of Growth, New York: Monthly Review Press.
Blaug, M., 1996, Economic Theory in Retrospect, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Camerer, C., Lowenstein, G., Rabin, R.,(eds.), 2004, Advances in Behavioral Economics, New York: Princeton University Press.
Camerer, C., Lowenstein, Drazen, P., ‘Neuroeconomics: How Neuroeconomics Can Inform Economics’, Journal of Economic Literature, 43, 9-64.
Debreu, G., 1959, ‘The Theory of Value: An Axiomatic Analysis of Economic Equilibrium, New York: Wiley.
Fama, E., 1976, Foundations of Finance, New York: Basic Books.
Fechner, G.T., 1860, 1966, Elements of Psychophysics, Vol 1., New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Frank, A. Gunder, 1966, The Development of Underdevelopment, New York: Monthly Review Press
Friedman, M., 1953, ‘The Methodology of Positive Economics’, in Essays in
Positive Economics, Chicago: Chicago University Press, pp. 3-43. Gloria-Palermo, S., 1999, The Evolution of Austrian Economics: From Menger to Lachmann, London: Routledge.
Hicks, J.R. and Allen, R.D.G., 1934, ‘A Reconsideration of the Theory of Value’, Economica, 1(2), 196-219.
Hicks, J., 1939, Value and Capital: An Inquiry into Some Fundamental Problems of Economic Theory, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Houthakker, H., 1950, ‘Revealed Preference and the Utility Function’, Economica, 17(66), 159-174.
Jevons, W.S, 2012(1862), The Progress of the Mathematical Theory of Political Economy, Charleston, S.C.: Nabu Press.
Jevons, W.S., 1981(1870), The Theory of Political Economy, London: Macmillan.
Kahneman, D. and Tversky, A., 1979, ‘Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decisions Under Risk’, Econometrica, 47, 263-291.
Kahenman, D. and Tversky, A., eds, 2000, Choices, Values, and Frames, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Keynes, J. M., 1936, The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money, London: Macmillan.
Keynes, J.N., 1890, The Scope and Method of Political Economy, Kitchener, London: Macmillan.
Leamer, E., 1983, ‘Let’s Take the Con out of Econometrics’, American Economic Review, 73(1), 31-43.
Lucas, R., 1972, ‘Expectations and the Neutrality of Money’, Journal of Economic Theory, 4(2),103-124.
Malinowski, B., 1922, Argonauts in the Western Pacific: An account of Native Enterprise and Adventure in the Archipelago of Melanesian New Guinea, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
Menger, K.,1981(1870), Principles of Economics, New York: New York University Press.
Muth, J., 1961, ‘Rational Expectations and the Theory of Price Movements, Econometrica, 29(3), 315-335.
Polanyi, K., 1957(1944), The Great Transformation, Boston,MA: Beacon Press.
Reinert, E., 2007, How Rich Nations Got Rich and Why Poor Nations Stay Poor.
Robbins, L., 1935(1932), An Essay on the Nature and Significance of Economic Science, London: Macmillan
Samuelson, P. A.,1938a, ‘ A Note on the Pure Theory of Consumer’s Behaviour’, Economica, 5, 61-71.
Samuelson, P.A.,1938b, ‘A Note on the Pure Theory of Consumer’s Behaviour’, Economica, 5, 353-354.
Samuelson, P.A., 1948, ‘Consumption Theory in Terms of Revealed Preference’, Economica, 15, 243-253.
Shiller, R., 2005, Irrational Exuberance, 2nd Edition, Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press.
Simon, H., 1972, ‘Theories of Bounded Rationality’, in Decision and Organization, C.B. Macguire and R. Radner, eds, Amsterdam: North Holland, 161-176. Simon, H., 1976, ‘From Substantive to Procedural Rationality’, in Method and Appraisal in Economics, S.J. Latsis, ed., Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Smolin, L., 2013, From the Crisis in Physics to the Future of the Universe, New York: Houghton Miflin Harcourt.
Spanos, A., 1995, ‘On the Testing of Econometrics: Modeling with non-Experimental Data’, Journal of Econometrics, 67, 189-226.
Spanos, A., (with G.D. Mayo), 2010, Error and Inference: Recent Exchanges on Experimental Reasoning, Reliability, and the Objectivity and Rationality in Science, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Varian, H., 2005, ‘Revealed Preference’, in M. Szenberg, L. Ramrattand and A.A. Gottesman, eds., Samuelsonian Economics in the 21st Century, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 99-115.
Wallerstein, I., 1974, et seq., The Modern World System, New York: Academic Press.
Wong, S. 1978, The Foundations of Samuelson’s Revealed Preference Theory, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.