Numéro

Vol. 45 No 2 (2020): Afrique et développement

7 - Social Protection Policymaking in Kenya: Power and Resistance in a Globalised World

https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v45i2.646
Marion Ouma

Corresponding Author(s) : Marion Ouma

marion.ouma@gmail.com

Afrique et développement, Vol. 45 No 2 (2020): Afrique et développement

Résumé




L'élaboration de politiques n'est plus une affaire exclusivement nationale. En raison de la mondialisation, les agendas mondiaux influencent et imprègnent facilement les plans nationaux grâce au transfert, à la diffusion et à l'apprentissage de politiques. L'un de ces récents programmes mondiaux concerne les politiques de protection sociale dans la forme de transferts monétaires. Les études examinant le processus d'adoption et d'élaboration de telles politiques décrivent une approche d'apprentissage bénigne. Cependant, ces approches présentent une vision incomplète de la dynamique qui caractérise l'adoption de politiques. Les lieux d'élaboration des politiques de protection sociale sont des sites de pouvoir et de résistance qui se renforcent mutuellement et se manifestent sous diverses formes. S'appuyant sur le lien transfert de politique/pouvoir, cet article examine les formes de pouvoir et de résistance dans l'espace d'élaboration des politiques de protection sociale en examinant le transfert d'argent au profit d’orphelins et d’enfants vulnérables (CT-OVC) et le programme de protection sociale contre la faim (HSNP) au Kenya. Les résultats indiquent que, alors que les acteurs internationaux tentent d'imposer leurs agendas, les élites politiques résistent de deux manières : premièrement, en supprimant l'action des autres acteurs, et deuxièmement, en affirmant des alternatives dans le processus politique. Ces résultats suggèrent que même dans de persistantes relations sociales asymétriques, les acteurs « subordonnés » dans les lieux de développement de politiques continuent de trouver, par la résistance, un espace d’exercice de leur pouvoir, et ainsi démontrent leur capacité à influencer les processus.





 

Mots-clés

résistance pouvoir acteurs transnationaux protection sociale élaboration de politiques politique Kenya
[1]
Ouma, M. 2020. 7 - Social Protection Policymaking in Kenya: Power and Resistance in a Globalised World. Afrique et développement. 45, 2 (mars 2020). DOI:https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v45i2.646.
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Biographie de l'auteur

Marion Ouma

South Africa Research Chairs Initiative (SARChl): Social Policy, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa. Email: marion.ouma@gmail.com

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