4 - Pour une meilleure intégration des institutions informelles dans les stratégies de développement en Afrique : une approche néo-institutionnelle
Corresponding Author(s) : Brahim El Morchid
Afrique et développement,
Vol. 41 No 2 (2016): Afrique et développement
Résumé
In order to improve their economic performance and build development strategies, most African countries have embarked on a process of economic and political reform since the early 1980s. These liberal reforms have not had the expected positive effects because they focused too closely on market mechanisms. And they were decided and implemented without taking into account local constraints and realities while they should be the result of a long process that considers local structures, mentalities, behavioral habits, cultural and religious beliefs, customary norms, etc. Through a practical exercise of comparison between informal constraints and formal constraints, we will show that the few African countries which have achieved satisfactory economic results are those that have relatively succeeded in integrating the norms of informal institutions into their development strategies. They include Botswana, Ghana, South Africa and Morocco. Arguments put forward may serve as a basis for the development of an inclusive and sustainable development model for the African continent.
Mots-clés
Télécharger la référence bibliographique
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)BibTeX
- Acemouglou, D., Johnson, S. and Robinson, J.-A., 2001, « The colonial origins of comparative development. An empirical investigation », American Economic Review, vol. 91, no 5, p. 1369-1 401.
- Aernoudt, R., 2003, Corruption à foison : Regards sur un phénomène tentaculaire, L’Harmattan.
- Aoki, M., 2006, Fondements d’une analyse institutionnelle comparée, Albin Michel, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001.
- Banque Mondiale, 1999, « Using Surveys for Public Sector Reform », Premnotes n° 23, Washington.
- Beitone, A., Dollo, C., Gervasoni, J. et Rodrigues, C. (2009), Sciences sociales, Dalloz, coll. « Aide mémoire ».
- Commons J. R., 1931, « Institutional economics », American Economic Review, 1931, p. 648-657.
- Commons, J. R, 1899, « A sociological View of sovereignty », The American journal of Sociology, vol. 5.
- Corei, T., 1995, L’Economie Institutionnaliste, Les Fondateurs, Paris, Économica.
- Facchini, F. et Melki, M., 2010, « Apport de l’économie de l’idéologie à la théorie des changements institutionnels du Public choice et des néoinstitutionnalistes», IZMIR (Turquie) du 8 au 11 avril 2010. 1 http://ces.univparis1.fr/membre/seminaire/S2I/pdf/FacchiniMelki_10.pdf
- Gupta, S., Davoodi, H. et Alonso-Terme, R., 1998, « Does corruption affect income inequality and poverty ? », IMF Working Paper, p. 76-98.
- Haug, M. R., 1967, « Social and Cultural Pluralism as a Concept in Social System Analysis », American Journal of Sociology, n° 73, p. 294-304.
- Helmke, G., 2003, Checks and Balances By Other Means : The Argentine Supreme Court in the 1990s, Comparative Politics, vol. 35, n° 2, p. 213-230.
- Helmke, G. and Levitsky S., 2004, « Informal institutions and comparative politics : a research agenda », Perspectives on politics, vol. 02, n° 4, 2004, p. 725-740.
- Hongying, W., 2000, « Informal Institutions and Foreign Investment in China », The Pacific Review 13.
- Knight, J. and Randall, C., 1995, « The Rational Choice Theory of Social Institutions : Cooperation, Coordination, and Communication », in Jeffrey S. Banks and Eric A. Hanushek (Eds), Modern Political Economy, New York, Cambridge University Press.
- Krasznai, Z. and Winikel, J., 1995, « Formal and informal constraints in transition to market : Cost of neoclassical utility maximisation », Communist Economies and Economic Transformation, 7, p. 239-47.
- Lauth, H.-J., 2000, « Informal institutions and democracy », Democratization 7(4), p. 21-50.
- Mantzavinos, C., North D. C. and Shariq, S., 2004, « Learning,Change and Economic Performance », Perspectives on Politics , vol. 2, n° 1, p. 75-84.
- Mauro, P., 2001, « Corruption and growth », Journal of Comparative Economics, 29(1), p. 66-79.
- Mauro, P., 1995, « Corruption and growth », Quarterly Journal of Economics, 110, p. 681-712.
- Mauro, P., 1997, « The effects of corruption on growth, investment and government expenditure : a cross country analysis », Washington DC : Institute for International Economics.
- Morgan, K., 1997, « The learning region : institutions, innovation and regional renewal », Regional Studies, vol. 31, n° 5, p. 491-503.
- Noland, M., 2005, « Religion and Economic Performance », World Development, 33, 8, p. 1 215-1 232.
- North, D. C., 2004, Le Processus du développement économique, Paris, Éd. d’Organisation.
- North, D. C., 1997, The New institutional Economics and Third World Development, Routledge.
- O’Donnell, G., 1996, Another institutionalization : Latin America and elsewhere, Kellogg Institute Working Paper 222, Notre Dame, Kellogg Institute for International Studies.
- OCDE, 2012, Perspectives du développement mondial, la cohérence sociale dans un monde en mutation, Paris, Éditions OCDE.
- Ostrom, E., R. Gardner and J. Walker, 1994, « Rules, Games, and Common-Pool Resources », The University of Michigan Press, http://www.press.umich.edu/titleDetailDesc.do?id=9739
- Ostrom, E., 2005, Understanding Institutional Diversity, Princeton, NJ : Princeton University Press.
- Peter, J. K., 1996, Cultural Norms and National Security : Police and Military in Postwar Japan, Ithaca, Cornell University Press, p. 197-200.
- Plateau, J.-P. (Ed), 2000, Institutions, Social Norms and Economic Development, Harwood Academic Publishers, Amsterdam.
- Putnam, R., 1993, Making Democracy Work : Civic Traditions in Modern Italy, Princeton University Press, Princeton.
- Reynolds, L. G., 1985, Economic Growth in the Third World, 1850-1980, New Haven, Conn., Yale University Press.
- Robert, M., 2011, « Une analyse néo-institutionnelle de la dynamique du guanxi en Chine », Revue libanaise de gestion et d’économie, vol. 4, n° 6, p. 80-124.
- Robert, M., 1975, Society and Bureaucracy in Contemporary Ghana, Berkeley, University of California Press.
- Tabellini, G., 2005, « Culture and Institutions : Economic Development in the Regions of Europe », CESIFO Working Paper n° 1 492.
- Tanzi, V. and Davoodi, H., 1997, « Corruption, Public Investment, and Growth », IMF Working Papers 97/139, International Monetary Fund.
- Eisenstadt, Todd A., 2003, « Trust But Verify : How Mexico’s Opposition Forced Electoral Dispute Resolution from Bargaining Tables to Courtrooms and Lived to Tell About it », paper prepared for the conference Informal Institutions and Politics in the Developing World, Harvard University, April 5-6, 2002.
- Tsipouril, L., 1996, « Technology management and the role of the research and technology infrastructure », in Cannell, W. and Dankbaar, B. (Eds.), Technology management and public policy in the European Union, Officefor Official Publications of the European Communities and Oxford University Press.
- Zaoual, H., 2002, Du rôle des croyances dans le développement économique, Bruxelles, L’Harmattan.
Les références
Acemouglou, D., Johnson, S. and Robinson, J.-A., 2001, « The colonial origins of comparative development. An empirical investigation », American Economic Review, vol. 91, no 5, p. 1369-1 401.
Aernoudt, R., 2003, Corruption à foison : Regards sur un phénomène tentaculaire, L’Harmattan.
Aoki, M., 2006, Fondements d’une analyse institutionnelle comparée, Albin Michel, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001.
Banque Mondiale, 1999, « Using Surveys for Public Sector Reform », Premnotes n° 23, Washington.
Beitone, A., Dollo, C., Gervasoni, J. et Rodrigues, C. (2009), Sciences sociales, Dalloz, coll. « Aide mémoire ».
Commons J. R., 1931, « Institutional economics », American Economic Review, 1931, p. 648-657.
Commons, J. R, 1899, « A sociological View of sovereignty », The American journal of Sociology, vol. 5.
Corei, T., 1995, L’Economie Institutionnaliste, Les Fondateurs, Paris, Économica.
Facchini, F. et Melki, M., 2010, « Apport de l’économie de l’idéologie à la théorie des changements institutionnels du Public choice et des néoinstitutionnalistes», IZMIR (Turquie) du 8 au 11 avril 2010. 1 http://ces.univparis1.fr/membre/seminaire/S2I/pdf/FacchiniMelki_10.pdf
Gupta, S., Davoodi, H. et Alonso-Terme, R., 1998, « Does corruption affect income inequality and poverty ? », IMF Working Paper, p. 76-98.
Haug, M. R., 1967, « Social and Cultural Pluralism as a Concept in Social System Analysis », American Journal of Sociology, n° 73, p. 294-304.
Helmke, G., 2003, Checks and Balances By Other Means : The Argentine Supreme Court in the 1990s, Comparative Politics, vol. 35, n° 2, p. 213-230.
Helmke, G. and Levitsky S., 2004, « Informal institutions and comparative politics : a research agenda », Perspectives on politics, vol. 02, n° 4, 2004, p. 725-740.
Hongying, W., 2000, « Informal Institutions and Foreign Investment in China », The Pacific Review 13.
Knight, J. and Randall, C., 1995, « The Rational Choice Theory of Social Institutions : Cooperation, Coordination, and Communication », in Jeffrey S. Banks and Eric A. Hanushek (Eds), Modern Political Economy, New York, Cambridge University Press.
Krasznai, Z. and Winikel, J., 1995, « Formal and informal constraints in transition to market : Cost of neoclassical utility maximisation », Communist Economies and Economic Transformation, 7, p. 239-47.
Lauth, H.-J., 2000, « Informal institutions and democracy », Democratization 7(4), p. 21-50.
Mantzavinos, C., North D. C. and Shariq, S., 2004, « Learning,Change and Economic Performance », Perspectives on Politics , vol. 2, n° 1, p. 75-84.
Mauro, P., 2001, « Corruption and growth », Journal of Comparative Economics, 29(1), p. 66-79.
Mauro, P., 1995, « Corruption and growth », Quarterly Journal of Economics, 110, p. 681-712.
Mauro, P., 1997, « The effects of corruption on growth, investment and government expenditure : a cross country analysis », Washington DC : Institute for International Economics.
Morgan, K., 1997, « The learning region : institutions, innovation and regional renewal », Regional Studies, vol. 31, n° 5, p. 491-503.
Noland, M., 2005, « Religion and Economic Performance », World Development, 33, 8, p. 1 215-1 232.
North, D. C., 2004, Le Processus du développement économique, Paris, Éd. d’Organisation.
North, D. C., 1997, The New institutional Economics and Third World Development, Routledge.
O’Donnell, G., 1996, Another institutionalization : Latin America and elsewhere, Kellogg Institute Working Paper 222, Notre Dame, Kellogg Institute for International Studies.
OCDE, 2012, Perspectives du développement mondial, la cohérence sociale dans un monde en mutation, Paris, Éditions OCDE.
Ostrom, E., R. Gardner and J. Walker, 1994, « Rules, Games, and Common-Pool Resources », The University of Michigan Press, http://www.press.umich.edu/titleDetailDesc.do?id=9739
Ostrom, E., 2005, Understanding Institutional Diversity, Princeton, NJ : Princeton University Press.
Peter, J. K., 1996, Cultural Norms and National Security : Police and Military in Postwar Japan, Ithaca, Cornell University Press, p. 197-200.
Plateau, J.-P. (Ed), 2000, Institutions, Social Norms and Economic Development, Harwood Academic Publishers, Amsterdam.
Putnam, R., 1993, Making Democracy Work : Civic Traditions in Modern Italy, Princeton University Press, Princeton.
Reynolds, L. G., 1985, Economic Growth in the Third World, 1850-1980, New Haven, Conn., Yale University Press.
Robert, M., 2011, « Une analyse néo-institutionnelle de la dynamique du guanxi en Chine », Revue libanaise de gestion et d’économie, vol. 4, n° 6, p. 80-124.
Robert, M., 1975, Society and Bureaucracy in Contemporary Ghana, Berkeley, University of California Press.
Tabellini, G., 2005, « Culture and Institutions : Economic Development in the Regions of Europe », CESIFO Working Paper n° 1 492.
Tanzi, V. and Davoodi, H., 1997, « Corruption, Public Investment, and Growth », IMF Working Papers 97/139, International Monetary Fund.
Eisenstadt, Todd A., 2003, « Trust But Verify : How Mexico’s Opposition Forced Electoral Dispute Resolution from Bargaining Tables to Courtrooms and Lived to Tell About it », paper prepared for the conference Informal Institutions and Politics in the Developing World, Harvard University, April 5-6, 2002.
Tsipouril, L., 1996, « Technology management and the role of the research and technology infrastructure », in Cannell, W. and Dankbaar, B. (Eds.), Technology management and public policy in the European Union, Officefor Official Publications of the European Communities and Oxford University Press.
Zaoual, H., 2002, Du rôle des croyances dans le développement économique, Bruxelles, L’Harmattan.