2 - Quality Issues in Kenya’s Higher Education Institutions
Corresponding Author(s) : Simmy M. Marwa
Revue de l’enseignement supérieur en Afrique,
Vol. 15 No 1 (2017): Revue de l’enseignement supérieur en Afrique: Numéro spécial sur les tendances dans l’enseignement supérieur et les pratiques d’assurance de la qualité en Afrique de l’Est
Résumé
La capacité des institutions de l’enseignement supérieur (IES) à servir de vecteur de la compétitivité économique est en train de se réduire dans les différents pays en voie de développement en raison des nombreuses contraintes qui entravent leur qualité. Le présent article est une analyse empirique des pratiques de l’assurance qualité dans les IES kenyanes, l’efficacité des cadres utilisés, les écarts et les opportunités d’amélioration. Les perceptions sur huit dimensions de la qualité, notamment, la gouvernance et la gestion, la planification et la gestion de programme, le développement de curriculum, l’enseignement et l’apprentissage, les infrastructures, l’évaluation, la recherche, la publication et l’innovation et les résultats de programme ont été recueillis chez trois catégories de personnes interrogées dans huit universités.
Les données ont été collectées à partir d’un échantillon de 136 personnels académiques, 340 étudiants et 34 personnels des directions de l’assurance qualité sur un total de 222.384 et 38 personnes interrogées ciblées respectivement. Des questionnaires stylisés sur une échelle Likert de 7-point : 1= fortement en désaccord : 7= fortement d’accord ont été administrés. Les données quantitatives ont été corroborées à travers l’entretien avec les trois personnes interrogées dans l’étude. L’analyse des écarts représentés par les différences dans les moyennes pondérées a porté sur les réponses du personnel des directions de l’assurance qualité et les personnels académiques, du personnel des directions de l’assurance qualité et les étudiants, et du personnel académique et les étudiants. Chaque IES a été d’abord analysée individuellement et les résultats ont été ensuite consolidés pour obtenir l’écart global sur chaque dimension de qualité de dimension étudiée dans toutes les IES.
Les résultats indiquent qu’il y a eu des écarts dans chacune des huit dimensions de la qualité étudiées et les IES kenyanes à différents niveaux ont été sur le continuum de la qualité et pourraient être encore améliorées. Cela indique que les IES ont l’occasion de se comparer avec les IES locales qui ont fait des progrès sur certains paramètres de la qualité et sont par conséquent, des exemples de modèles de bonne pratique développés en interne. Cela permettra à ces institutions d’améliorer de façon permanente leur position sur le continuum de la qualité qui est un principe clé de la gestion de la qualité. La recherche et la publication sont la dimension la plus en difficulté. La recherche recommande à la Commission de l’enseignement universitaire (CUE) de renforcer les mécanismes de redevabilité dans les IES. Elle met en avant le besoin des IES de se développer et de renforcer leurs collaborations et les réseaux entre les IES elles-mêmes et avec le secteur.
Mots-clés
Télécharger la référence bibliographique
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)BibTeX
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- Bryman, Alan & Cramer, Duncan, 1995, Quantatitive data analysis with SPSS for Windows. A guide for social scietists. New York: Routledge.
- Cameron, R., 2009, ‘A sequential mixed model research design: design, analytical anddisplay issues’. International Journal of Multiple Research Approaches Vol. 3 No. 2:140–151.
- Creswell, J. W. & Tashakkori, A., 2007, ‘Editorial: Differing perspectives on mixed methods research’. Journal of Mixed Method Research Vol. No. 14: 303–308.
- CUE, 2014, The Universities Regulations 2014, Kenya Gazette Supplement No. 86. CUE, 2017, Accreditated Universities in Kenya-March 2017, Commission of University Education in Kenya: Nairobi.
- Evans, J. R., 2005, Total Quality Management, Organization, and Strategy, (4th Edn.) South-Western: Thomson/South Western, Indiana University, pp. 22–26.
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- GoK, 2012, The Universities Act, No. 42, Government Printers Limited: Nairobi.
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- Bureau of Statistics, Nairobi.
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- Mazzoleni, R., 2008, ‘Catching up and academic institutions: A comparative study of past national experiences’. Journal of Development Studies, Vol. 44 No. 5,pp. 678–70.
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- Mugenda, A. & and Mugenda, O., 2003, Readings in research methods: quantitative and qualitative Approaches. Nairobi: African Centre for Technology Studies.
- Mutula S., 2002, ‘University Education in Kenya. Current developments and future outlook’. International Journal of Educational Management, Vol. 16 No. 3, pp. 109–119.
- Mwiria, K., Ng’ethe, N., Ngome, C., Ouma, O. D., Wawire, V. & and Wesonga, D., 2007, Public & Private Universities in Kenya: New Challenges, Issues, and Achievements. Oxford, UK: James Currey.
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- Ngware, M. W. & and Ndirangu, M., 2005, Quality Assurance in Education, Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 183–201.
- Odhiambo, G. O., 2008, ‘Elusive search for quality education: the case of quality assurance and teacher accountability’. International Journal of Educational Management, Vol. 22, No. 5, pp. 417–431.
- Ogeto, A., 2015, (October 5), ‘High student enrolment has led to shortage of facilities and services’. Daily Nation. Retrieved from Daily Nation Newspaper. Retrieved from http://www.nation.co.ke on 6/8/2016.
- Okwakol, M. J. N., 2008, ‘Challenges and prospects for quality assurance in science and technology education in African countries: the Uganda Higher Education Review’, Journal of the National Council for Higher Education, Vol. 5, No. 2, pp 17–26.Olayo, J.O., 2005, The Impact of Employee Empowerment on Work Performance: Case Study of Selected Universities in Kenya’. Unpublished MBA thesis, Kenyatta University.
- Ondigi, S.R., 2012, ‘Role of geography and pedagogical approaches used in the training of pre-service teachers in Kenyan universities: a case of Kenyatta University’. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, Vol 1, No. 4, pp. 26-281.
- Sahney, S., Banwet, D. K. & and Karunes, S., 2004, ‘A SERVQUAL and QFD approach to total quality education: a student perspective’, International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, Vol. 53, No. 2, pp. 143-166.
- Sifuna, D.N., 2010, ‘Some reflections on the expansion and quality of higher education in public universities in Kenya’, Research in Post-Compulsory Education, Vol. 15, No. 4, pp. 415–425.
- Usher, A., & and Savino, M., 2007, ‘A global survey of university ranking and league tables’, Higher Education in Europe, Vol. 32, No. 1, pp. 5-15. Retrieved from http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content.
- Wangenge-Ouma, G., 2007, ‘ “Higher education marketization and its discontents: the case of quality in Kenya’”, Higher Education, Vol. 56, pp. 457-71.
- Wanzala, O., 2015, (Oct 1), ‘World Bank warns unskilled graduates hurting Vision 2030’, Daily Nation. Retrieved from
- http://www.nation.co.ke on July 18 2016. Wanzala, W. 2013, ‘Quest for quality and relevant higher education, training and learning in Kenya: an overview’. Education Journal 2013; Vol. 2 No. 2, pp. 36- 49, pp. 36-49. Published online:http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/edu) doi: retrieved March 2, 2014.
Les références
Anderson, G., 2015, (Dec 30) ‘We must save the quality of our university education,and the time to do that is now’. Daily Nation newspaper. Retrieved from http://www.nation.co.ke/oped/Opinion/We-must-save-the-quality-of-our-universityeducation/-/440808/3014142/-/cvap8nz/-/index.html on July 15, 2016.
Bryman, Alan & Cramer, Duncan, 1995, Quantatitive data analysis with SPSS for Windows. A guide for social scietists. New York: Routledge.
Cameron, R., 2009, ‘A sequential mixed model research design: design, analytical anddisplay issues’. International Journal of Multiple Research Approaches Vol. 3 No. 2:140–151.
Creswell, J. W. & Tashakkori, A., 2007, ‘Editorial: Differing perspectives on mixed methods research’. Journal of Mixed Method Research Vol. No. 14: 303–308.
CUE, 2014, The Universities Regulations 2014, Kenya Gazette Supplement No. 86. CUE, 2017, Accreditated Universities in Kenya-March 2017, Commission of University Education in Kenya: Nairobi.
Evans, J. R., 2005, Total Quality Management, Organization, and Strategy, (4th Edn.) South-Western: Thomson/South Western, Indiana University, pp. 22–26.
GoK, 2007, Kenya Vision 2030, A Globally Competitive and Prosperous Kenya,Government Printers, Nairobi.
GoK, 2012, The Universities Act, No. 42, Government Printers Limited: Nairobi.
Gudo, C.O., Olel, M. A. &, Oanda, I. O., 2011, ‘University Expansion in Kenya and Issues of Quality Education: Challenges and Opportunities’, International Journal of Business and Social Science Vol. 2 No. 20, pp. 1–12, Mallesham (2005). Isaac, S. & Micheal, W.B., 1981, Handbook in research and evaluation: A collection of principles, methods and strategies useful in planning, design. San Diego: EdITS Publishers, 1981, pp. 234.
IUCEA & DAAD, 2010, A Road Map to Quality. Handbook for Quality Assurance in Higher Education, Vol1. Guidelines for Self-Assessment at Programme Level, Retrieved from http://www.iucea.org/index on 11/6/2014.
Kigotho, W., 2008, “‘Death of Research in Africa”’. The Standard, Wednesday 1st October 2008, Retrieved from http://www.estandard.net. on 24/10/2014. ] Kenya National Bureau Statistics, 2015, Statistical Abstract 2015, Kenya National
Bureau of Statistics, Nairobi.
Kuria, M & Marwa, S.M., 2015, Shaping Internal Quality Assurance at Daystar University, Retrieved from http://www.daystar.ac.ke Retrieved on 27/9/2016.
Lewis,W.G., Punn, K.F., & Lalla, T.R.M. 2006, ‘Exploring soft versus hard factors for TQM implementation in small and medium –sized enterprises’. International Journal of Productivity and Perfomance Management, Vol. 55 No. 7, pp. 539-554, https://doi.org/10.1108/17410400610702142.
Ludeman, R. B., Osfield, K. J., Hidalgo, E. I., Oste, D., & Wang, H.S., 2009, ‘Preface’. Students affairs and service in higher education: Global foundations, issues and best practices, (pp. ii–vi), Unesco and World Conference on Higher Education.
Malechwanzi, J. M & and Mbeke, C., 2016, ‘Policies of access and the quality of higher education in China and Kenya: A comparative study’, Cogent Education, Vol. 3, No. 1, p. 1201990. doi: 10.1080/2331186x.2016.1201990.
Marwa, S.M., 2014, Nurturing Corporate Excellence. Glimpses of Quality Challenges and Management in Contemporary Corporate Africa. A Managerial Imperative. Published by Jomo Kenyatta Foundation, Kenya.
Mazzoleni, R., 2008, ‘Catching up and academic institutions: A comparative study of past national experiences’. Journal of Development Studies, Vol. 44 No. 5,pp. 678–70.
Mbirithi D., 2013, ‘Management Challenges Facing Kenya’s Public Universities and Implications for the Quality of Education’. PhD thesis submitted at Kenyatta University.
Meek L., TeichlerU., & Kearney M.L., 2009, Higher Education Research and Innovation, Changing Dynamics, Kassel: International Centre for Higher Education Research Kassel (INCHER-Kassel), pp 56–59.
MOEST, 2007, Strategic Plan 2007–2012. ‘Science, Technology and Innovation for National Prosperity and Global Competitiveness’. Retrieved from http:// www. moest.gov.ke on 23/7/2016.
Mugenda, A. & and Mugenda, O., 2003, Readings in research methods: quantitative and qualitative Approaches. Nairobi: African Centre for Technology Studies.
Mutula S., 2002, ‘University Education in Kenya. Current developments and future outlook’. International Journal of Educational Management, Vol. 16 No. 3, pp. 109–119.
Mwiria, K., Ng’ethe, N., Ngome, C., Ouma, O. D., Wawire, V. & and Wesonga, D., 2007, Public & Private Universities in Kenya: New Challenges, Issues, and Achievements. Oxford, UK: James Currey.
Ndirangu M. & and Udoto M., 2011, ‘Quality of learning facilities and learning environment. Challenges for teaching and learning in Kenya’s public universities’. Quality Assurance in Education. Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 208–223.
Nganga, G., 2014, (May 9). ‘Student numbers soar by 35%, university funding lags’. University World News, Issue No. 319.
Ngware, M. W. & and Ndirangu, M., 2005, Quality Assurance in Education, Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 183–201.
Odhiambo, G. O., 2008, ‘Elusive search for quality education: the case of quality assurance and teacher accountability’. International Journal of Educational Management, Vol. 22, No. 5, pp. 417–431.
Ogeto, A., 2015, (October 5), ‘High student enrolment has led to shortage of facilities and services’. Daily Nation. Retrieved from Daily Nation Newspaper. Retrieved from http://www.nation.co.ke on 6/8/2016.
Okwakol, M. J. N., 2008, ‘Challenges and prospects for quality assurance in science and technology education in African countries: the Uganda Higher Education Review’, Journal of the National Council for Higher Education, Vol. 5, No. 2, pp 17–26.Olayo, J.O., 2005, The Impact of Employee Empowerment on Work Performance: Case Study of Selected Universities in Kenya’. Unpublished MBA thesis, Kenyatta University.
Ondigi, S.R., 2012, ‘Role of geography and pedagogical approaches used in the training of pre-service teachers in Kenyan universities: a case of Kenyatta University’. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, Vol 1, No. 4, pp. 26-281.
Sahney, S., Banwet, D. K. & and Karunes, S., 2004, ‘A SERVQUAL and QFD approach to total quality education: a student perspective’, International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, Vol. 53, No. 2, pp. 143-166.
Sifuna, D.N., 2010, ‘Some reflections on the expansion and quality of higher education in public universities in Kenya’, Research in Post-Compulsory Education, Vol. 15, No. 4, pp. 415–425.
Usher, A., & and Savino, M., 2007, ‘A global survey of university ranking and league tables’, Higher Education in Europe, Vol. 32, No. 1, pp. 5-15. Retrieved from http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content.
Wangenge-Ouma, G., 2007, ‘ “Higher education marketization and its discontents: the case of quality in Kenya’”, Higher Education, Vol. 56, pp. 457-71.
Wanzala, O., 2015, (Oct 1), ‘World Bank warns unskilled graduates hurting Vision 2030’, Daily Nation. Retrieved from
http://www.nation.co.ke on July 18 2016. Wanzala, W. 2013, ‘Quest for quality and relevant higher education, training and learning in Kenya: an overview’. Education Journal 2013; Vol. 2 No. 2, pp. 36- 49, pp. 36-49. Published online:http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/edu) doi: retrieved March 2, 2014.