6 - Brief Assessment of Higher Education Governance in Ethiopia: Reflection on the Leap of the Decade
Corresponding Author(s) : Anteneh Melu
Journal of Higher Education in Africa,
Vol. 14 No. 2 (2016): Journal of Higher Education in Africa
Abstract
The article attempts to explore the overall patterns of governance of higher education institutions in Ethiopia in the recent past that witnessed the massification of higher education institutions, and to investigate and display the change and continuity that have been observed in the governance of these institutions. It tries to offer some insight concerning the governance aspect in the ever-expanding and the most pressing issue of the Ethiopian higher education system. The paper presents a snapshot of the contemporary higher education development in the past two decades and associated features in Ethiopia by identifying the central issues related to principally governance, the legal framework and the political context. As the boom of higher education in the country became prevalent the governance bottleneck is one evident issue that vehemently impacts the missions of the institutions. The indispensable governance issues did not equally accompany the expansion of the higher education institutions in the last decade, and structure and other resultant issues that need to be adopted and made plain. In addition, the vivid demarcation between the institutions and the interested political groups at various levels, and the roles and relationships among them need close observation and appraisal so that the much-needed quality education and the contribution of research and community service will be significantly realised.
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- Brempong, G., and Ondiege, 2011, ‘Reforming Higher Education: Access, Equity, and Financing in Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, South Africa, and Tunisia’, The Africa Competitiveness Report 2011, World Economic Forum, the World Bank and the African Development Bank.
- Aschalew, B., 2011, The Path of Governance Transformation in Ethiopian Higher Education –Institutional Perspective, A Tale of Three Universities Experience with Respect to BPR Reform.
- Asian Development Bank,(2012,). Administration and Governance of Higher Education in Asia: Patterns and Implications.
- Bostock, W., 2002, ‘To the limits of acceptability: Political control of higher education’ in John Biggs and Richard Davis, (eds), The Subversion of Australian Universities.
- Brempong, G., and Ondiege, 2011, ‘Reforming Higher Education: Access, Equity, and Financing in Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, South Africa, and Tunisia’, The Africa Competitiveness Report 2011, World Economic Forum, the World Bank and the African Development Bank.
- Eurydice, 2008, Higher Education Governance in Europe: Policies Structures Funding and Academic Staff.
- Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, 2003, Higher Education Proclamation No. 351/2003, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
- Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, 2009, Higher Education Proclamation No. 650/2009, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
- Fielden, J., 2008, Global Trends in University Governance, The World Bank. Health and Education Advice and Resource Team, 2014, Helpdesk Report: Higher Education Reform.
- Hinchliffe, K., 1985, ‘Higher education in Sub-Saharan Africa’, Discussion Paper No. EDT 3, Washington, DC: The World Bank.
- Kabeba, R. M., 2015, ‘Rethinking the Role of Universities in Africa: Leadership as a Missing Link’’ in Explaining University Performance in Uganda, Vol. 12, No. 1, 2014, pp. 69–92, Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa.
- Kedir Assefa Tessema, 2009, ‘The Unfolding Trends and Consequences of Expanding Higher Education in Ethiopia: Massive Universities, Massive Challenges’ Higher Education Quarterly, Vol. 63, No. 1, pp 29–45.
- Lord Robbins,1966,The University in the Modern World: London, Melbourne, Toronto, Macmillan, New York.
- Ministry of Education, 1994, Education and Training Policy, Addis Ababa. Ministry of Education, 2010,The Education Sector Development Program (ESDP),Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
- Ministry of Education, 2012, Education Statistics Annual Abstract 2004 E.C 2011/2012.
- Ministry of Education, 2014, Education Statistics Annual Abstract200 E.C (2013/14).
- Mortmerand, K.P., Colleen O’Brien, C. Sathre, 2007, The Art and Politics of Academic Governance: Relations Among Boards, Presidents and Faculty.
- Nana Adu-Pipim Boaduo, 2013, ‘Introduction of Political Education for the Propagation of Democracy in Africa: The Perspective of an African Academic’, The Journal of Pan African Studies, Vol. 6, No. 6.
- OECD, 2003, Education Policy Analysis, Changing Patterns of Governance in Higher Edaucation.
- Otieno, J.J., n. d., Governance of Higher Education, Research and Innovation in Ghana Kenya and Uganda, OECD.
- Reisberg and Rumbley, 2010, Ethiopia: The dilemmas of higher education expansion Issue No. 45.
- Samoff, J. and Bidemi, C., 2003, ‘From Manpower Planning to the Knowledge Era: World Bank Policies on Higher Education in Africa’, UNESCO Forum on Higher Education, Research and Knowledge, UNESCO.
- Sawyer, A., 2004, ‘Challenges facing African universities: selected issues’, African Studies Review, Vol. 47, No. 1, pp. 1–59.
- Semela, T., 2011, ‘Breakneck Expansion and Quality Assurance in Ethiopian Higher Education: Ideological Rationales and Economic Impediments’, Higher Education Policy 24, 399–425.
- Solomon Areaya, S., 2010, Tension Between Massification and Intensification Reforms and Implications for Teaching and Learning in Ethiopian Public Universities Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa.
- The Africa Competitiveness Report, 2011, World Economic Forum, the World Bank and the African Development Bank.
- World Bank, 2008, Accelerating Catch-up: Tertiary Education for Growth in Sub- Saharan Africa, Washington, DC.
- Yirdaw, A., 2015,The Role of Governance in Quality of Education in Private Higher Institutions: Ethiopia as a Case Study, Addis Ababa.
- Yizengaw T., 2008,Challenges of Higher Education in Africa and Lessons of Experience for the Africa, U.S. Higher Education Collaboration Initiative Washington D.C.
- Yizengaw, T., 2003, Transformations in Higher Education: Experiences with Reform and Expansion in Ethiopian Higher Education System Keynote paper prepared for a Regional Training Conference on Improving Tertiary Education in Sub-Saharan Africa: Things That Work, Accra, Ghana.
References
Brempong, G., and Ondiege, 2011, ‘Reforming Higher Education: Access, Equity, and Financing in Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, South Africa, and Tunisia’, The Africa Competitiveness Report 2011, World Economic Forum, the World Bank and the African Development Bank.
Aschalew, B., 2011, The Path of Governance Transformation in Ethiopian Higher Education –Institutional Perspective, A Tale of Three Universities Experience with Respect to BPR Reform.
Asian Development Bank,(2012,). Administration and Governance of Higher Education in Asia: Patterns and Implications.
Bostock, W., 2002, ‘To the limits of acceptability: Political control of higher education’ in John Biggs and Richard Davis, (eds), The Subversion of Australian Universities.
Brempong, G., and Ondiege, 2011, ‘Reforming Higher Education: Access, Equity, and Financing in Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, South Africa, and Tunisia’, The Africa Competitiveness Report 2011, World Economic Forum, the World Bank and the African Development Bank.
Eurydice, 2008, Higher Education Governance in Europe: Policies Structures Funding and Academic Staff.
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, 2003, Higher Education Proclamation No. 351/2003, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, 2009, Higher Education Proclamation No. 650/2009, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Fielden, J., 2008, Global Trends in University Governance, The World Bank. Health and Education Advice and Resource Team, 2014, Helpdesk Report: Higher Education Reform.
Hinchliffe, K., 1985, ‘Higher education in Sub-Saharan Africa’, Discussion Paper No. EDT 3, Washington, DC: The World Bank.
Kabeba, R. M., 2015, ‘Rethinking the Role of Universities in Africa: Leadership as a Missing Link’’ in Explaining University Performance in Uganda, Vol. 12, No. 1, 2014, pp. 69–92, Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa.
Kedir Assefa Tessema, 2009, ‘The Unfolding Trends and Consequences of Expanding Higher Education in Ethiopia: Massive Universities, Massive Challenges’ Higher Education Quarterly, Vol. 63, No. 1, pp 29–45.
Lord Robbins,1966,The University in the Modern World: London, Melbourne, Toronto, Macmillan, New York.
Ministry of Education, 1994, Education and Training Policy, Addis Ababa. Ministry of Education, 2010,The Education Sector Development Program (ESDP),Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Ministry of Education, 2012, Education Statistics Annual Abstract 2004 E.C 2011/2012.
Ministry of Education, 2014, Education Statistics Annual Abstract200 E.C (2013/14).
Mortmerand, K.P., Colleen O’Brien, C. Sathre, 2007, The Art and Politics of Academic Governance: Relations Among Boards, Presidents and Faculty.
Nana Adu-Pipim Boaduo, 2013, ‘Introduction of Political Education for the Propagation of Democracy in Africa: The Perspective of an African Academic’, The Journal of Pan African Studies, Vol. 6, No. 6.
OECD, 2003, Education Policy Analysis, Changing Patterns of Governance in Higher Edaucation.
Otieno, J.J., n. d., Governance of Higher Education, Research and Innovation in Ghana Kenya and Uganda, OECD.
Reisberg and Rumbley, 2010, Ethiopia: The dilemmas of higher education expansion Issue No. 45.
Samoff, J. and Bidemi, C., 2003, ‘From Manpower Planning to the Knowledge Era: World Bank Policies on Higher Education in Africa’, UNESCO Forum on Higher Education, Research and Knowledge, UNESCO.
Sawyer, A., 2004, ‘Challenges facing African universities: selected issues’, African Studies Review, Vol. 47, No. 1, pp. 1–59.
Semela, T., 2011, ‘Breakneck Expansion and Quality Assurance in Ethiopian Higher Education: Ideological Rationales and Economic Impediments’, Higher Education Policy 24, 399–425.
Solomon Areaya, S., 2010, Tension Between Massification and Intensification Reforms and Implications for Teaching and Learning in Ethiopian Public Universities Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa.
The Africa Competitiveness Report, 2011, World Economic Forum, the World Bank and the African Development Bank.
World Bank, 2008, Accelerating Catch-up: Tertiary Education for Growth in Sub- Saharan Africa, Washington, DC.
Yirdaw, A., 2015,The Role of Governance in Quality of Education in Private Higher Institutions: Ethiopia as a Case Study, Addis Ababa.
Yizengaw T., 2008,Challenges of Higher Education in Africa and Lessons of Experience for the Africa, U.S. Higher Education Collaboration Initiative Washington D.C.
Yizengaw, T., 2003, Transformations in Higher Education: Experiences with Reform and Expansion in Ethiopian Higher Education System Keynote paper prepared for a Regional Training Conference on Improving Tertiary Education in Sub-Saharan Africa: Things That Work, Accra, Ghana.