5 - Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) and Green Economy Transition: Feasibility Assessment for African Higher Education
Corresponding Author(s) : Godwell Nhamo
Revue de l’enseignement supérieur en Afrique,
Vol. 11 No 1-2 (2013): Revue de l’enseignement supérieur en Afrique
Résumé
Les Formations en Ligne Ouvertes à Tous (MOOC)/ [FLOT] sont un nouveau phénomène en Afrique et dans le monde. Dans certains cas, des centaines de milliers d’étudiants se sont inscrits à des MOOC qui sont de plus en plus acceptées à travers le monde. En général, les MOOC offrent des opportunités d’apprentissage et des formations spécifiquement axées sur la transition vers l’économie verte en Afrique. Aujourd’hui, de nombreuses institutions d’enseignement supérieur aux Etats-Unis d’Amérique abritent des MOOC, et la première MOOC intitulée « Intelligence Artificielle » a connu une avancée remarquable après son « explosion » à l’Université de Stanford en Californie (Etats-Unis d’Amérique) à l’été 2011. Cent soixante mille (160 000) étudiants se sont inscrits au cours d’« Intelligence Artificielle », parmi lesquels 23 000 ont obtenu leurs diplômes après 10 semaines de formation. Il convient alors de se poser la question suivante : les MOOC permettront-elles de contribuer à l’éducation des masses populaires africaines dans le domaine de la transition vers l’économie verte ? Créée en 2008 et vulgarisée dans les années qui ont suivi la crise financière mondiale, lors du sommet Rio+20 les dirigeants du monde ont confirmé que la transition vers l’économie verte est la voie à suivre, si tant est que l’humanité entend vivre de façon durable sur la planète terre. Cet article présente les MOOC comme un domaine émergent porteur d’opportunités pour améliorer l’enseignement dans le domaine de la transition vers l’économie verte en général et en particulier pour l’Afrique. Le double- phénomène objet de notre analyse dans cet article nécessite des déploiements massifs, d’une part, de systèmes de gestion de l’apprentissage tels que les MOOC et, d’autre part, la diffusion de l’immense contenu, des connaissances et compétences appropriés relatifs à la transition vers l’économie verte que les systèmes d’éducation formelle actuels ne parviendront pas à réaliser en vase clos, compte tenu de la demande et de l’urgence. Il est donc de bon aloi de répondre par l’affirmative à la question posée, principalement en raison du faible niveau de cyber-préparation du continent.
Mots-clés
Télécharger la référence bibliographique
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)BibTeX
- Almpanis, T., 2013, The impact of Massive open Online courses (MOOCs) in higher education, Solent: Solent University (powerpoint).
- Bilbao-Osorio, B., Dutta, S. & Lanvin, B., 2013, The Global Information Technology Report 2013:Growth and Jobs in Hyperconnected World, Madrid: INSEAD.
- Boven, D.T., 2013, ‘The next game changer: The historical antecedents of the MOOC movement in education’, E-learning Papers, 33, 1-7.
- Burch, S. & Harris, S., 2013, ‘Syllabus: Climate Literacy: Navigating Climate Change Conversations’, Available online at: https://www.coursera.org/#course/ climateliteracy. Accessed 8 September 2013.
- Coursera, 2013a, ‘Global partners’, Available at: https://www.coursera.org/#partners.
- Accessed 8 September 2013.
- Coursera, 2013b, ‘Courses’, Available at: https://www.coursera.org/courses.
- Accessed 8 September 2013.
- edX., 2013, ‘Courses’, Available online at: https://www.edx.org/course-list/allschools/allsubjects/allcourses. Accessed 8 September 2013.
- Fini, A., 2009, ‘The Technological Dimension of a Massive Open Online Course: The Case of the CCK08 Course Tools’, International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 10 (5), 1-26.
- Gaebel, M., 2013, ‘MOOCs: Massive Open Online Courses (EUA Occasional Paper)’,Brussels: European University Association (EUA).
- Mahraj, K., 2012, ‘Using Information Expertise to Enhance Massive Open Online Courses’, Public Services Quarterly, 8(4), 359-368
- Martin, F.G., 2012, ‘Will Massive Open Online Courses Change How We Teach?’ Sharing recent experiences with an online course. Communications of the ACM, 55(8), 26-28.
- McAuley, A., ‘Stewart, B., Siemens, G., & Cormier, D., 2010, Massive Open Online Courses: Digital Ways of Knowing and Learning’, Available online at: http://www.elearnspace.org/Articles/MOOC_Final.pdf. Accessed 10 September 2013.
- McPhie, E., 2003, ‘World Economic Forum-NEPAD E-Readiness Policy Programme: Building Capacity to Narrow the Digital Divide in Africa from within’, Bridges.org: Durbanville.
- Nhamo, G., 2012, ‘ParticipatoryAction Research as Platformfor Community Engagement in Higher Education’, Journal of Higher Education in Africa, 10 (1), 1-20.
- Nhamo, G., 2013, Green Economy Readiness in South Africa: A Focus on the National Sphere of Government. International Journal of African Renaissance, 8(1), 115-142.
- Nhamo, G. and Swart, R., 2012, ‘A Scholarly Framework for Measuring Business Responsibility to Climate Change in South Africa’, Issues in Social and environmental Accounting, 6 (1/2), 50-71.
- Open2Study, 2013, ‘Courses’, Available online at: https://www.open2study.com/courses. Accessed 8 September 2013.
- OpenUpEd, 2013, ‘OpenUpEd Courses’, Available online at: http://www.openuped.eu/courses. Accessed 8 September 2013.
- Pappano, L., 2012, ‘The year of the MOOC’, Available online at: http://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/04/education/edlife/massive-open-online-courses-are-multiplying-at-a-rapid-pace.html?_r=0. Accessed 10 September 2013.
- Russell, D.M., Klemmer, S., Fox, A., Latulipe, C., Duneier, M., & Losh, E., 2013, ‘Will Massive Online Open Courses (MOOCs) Change Education?’, in conference proceedings: CHI 2013: Changing Perspectives, Paris: Authors, 2394-2398.
- The Economist, 2011, Digital Economy Rankings 2010: Beyond e-readiness.
- London: The Economist Intelligent Unit.
- Tomkin, J., 2013, ‘Syllabus: Introduction to Sustainability’, Available online at: https://class.coursera.org/sustain-004/wiki/view?page=HomePage. Accessed 8
- September 2013.
- UNCSD, 2012, ‘The Future We Want’, Rio De Janeiro: United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development.
- UNDP, 2012, ‘UN promotes green economy for sustainable development and poverty reduction’,Available online at: http://www.undg.org/docs/12791/UN%20 Zimbabwe%20Newsletter%20ISSUE%20V.PDF .
- Accessed 18 September 2013.
- UNECA, 2012, ‘Progress Towards Sustainable Development in Southern Africa’,Addis Ababa, UNECA.
- UNEP, 2011, ‘Towards a Green Economy: Pathways to Sustainable Development and Poverty Eradication-A Synthesis for Policy Makers’, Nairobi: UNEP.
- Watters, A., 2013, ‘Top Ed-Tech Trends of 2012: MOOCs’, Available online at: http://hackeducation.com/2012/12/03/top-ed-tech-trends-of-2012-moocs/. Accessed 10 September 2013.
- Welsh, D.H.B. and Dragusin, M., 2013, ‘The New Generation of Massive Open Online Course (MOOCS) and Entrepreneurship Education’, Small Business Institute® Journal, 9 (1), 51-65.
Les références
Almpanis, T., 2013, The impact of Massive open Online courses (MOOCs) in higher education, Solent: Solent University (powerpoint).
Bilbao-Osorio, B., Dutta, S. & Lanvin, B., 2013, The Global Information Technology Report 2013:Growth and Jobs in Hyperconnected World, Madrid: INSEAD.
Boven, D.T., 2013, ‘The next game changer: The historical antecedents of the MOOC movement in education’, E-learning Papers, 33, 1-7.
Burch, S. & Harris, S., 2013, ‘Syllabus: Climate Literacy: Navigating Climate Change Conversations’, Available online at: https://www.coursera.org/#course/ climateliteracy. Accessed 8 September 2013.
Coursera, 2013a, ‘Global partners’, Available at: https://www.coursera.org/#partners.
Accessed 8 September 2013.
Coursera, 2013b, ‘Courses’, Available at: https://www.coursera.org/courses.
Accessed 8 September 2013.
edX., 2013, ‘Courses’, Available online at: https://www.edx.org/course-list/allschools/allsubjects/allcourses. Accessed 8 September 2013.
Fini, A., 2009, ‘The Technological Dimension of a Massive Open Online Course: The Case of the CCK08 Course Tools’, International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 10 (5), 1-26.
Gaebel, M., 2013, ‘MOOCs: Massive Open Online Courses (EUA Occasional Paper)’,Brussels: European University Association (EUA).
Mahraj, K., 2012, ‘Using Information Expertise to Enhance Massive Open Online Courses’, Public Services Quarterly, 8(4), 359-368
Martin, F.G., 2012, ‘Will Massive Open Online Courses Change How We Teach?’ Sharing recent experiences with an online course. Communications of the ACM, 55(8), 26-28.
McAuley, A., ‘Stewart, B., Siemens, G., & Cormier, D., 2010, Massive Open Online Courses: Digital Ways of Knowing and Learning’, Available online at: http://www.elearnspace.org/Articles/MOOC_Final.pdf. Accessed 10 September 2013.
McPhie, E., 2003, ‘World Economic Forum-NEPAD E-Readiness Policy Programme: Building Capacity to Narrow the Digital Divide in Africa from within’, Bridges.org: Durbanville.
Nhamo, G., 2012, ‘ParticipatoryAction Research as Platformfor Community Engagement in Higher Education’, Journal of Higher Education in Africa, 10 (1), 1-20.
Nhamo, G., 2013, Green Economy Readiness in South Africa: A Focus on the National Sphere of Government. International Journal of African Renaissance, 8(1), 115-142.
Nhamo, G. and Swart, R., 2012, ‘A Scholarly Framework for Measuring Business Responsibility to Climate Change in South Africa’, Issues in Social and environmental Accounting, 6 (1/2), 50-71.
Open2Study, 2013, ‘Courses’, Available online at: https://www.open2study.com/courses. Accessed 8 September 2013.
OpenUpEd, 2013, ‘OpenUpEd Courses’, Available online at: http://www.openuped.eu/courses. Accessed 8 September 2013.
Pappano, L., 2012, ‘The year of the MOOC’, Available online at: http://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/04/education/edlife/massive-open-online-courses-are-multiplying-at-a-rapid-pace.html?_r=0. Accessed 10 September 2013.
Russell, D.M., Klemmer, S., Fox, A., Latulipe, C., Duneier, M., & Losh, E., 2013, ‘Will Massive Online Open Courses (MOOCs) Change Education?’, in conference proceedings: CHI 2013: Changing Perspectives, Paris: Authors, 2394-2398.
The Economist, 2011, Digital Economy Rankings 2010: Beyond e-readiness.
London: The Economist Intelligent Unit.
Tomkin, J., 2013, ‘Syllabus: Introduction to Sustainability’, Available online at: https://class.coursera.org/sustain-004/wiki/view?page=HomePage. Accessed 8
September 2013.
UNCSD, 2012, ‘The Future We Want’, Rio De Janeiro: United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development.
UNDP, 2012, ‘UN promotes green economy for sustainable development and poverty reduction’,Available online at: http://www.undg.org/docs/12791/UN%20 Zimbabwe%20Newsletter%20ISSUE%20V.PDF .
Accessed 18 September 2013.
UNECA, 2012, ‘Progress Towards Sustainable Development in Southern Africa’,Addis Ababa, UNECA.
UNEP, 2011, ‘Towards a Green Economy: Pathways to Sustainable Development and Poverty Eradication-A Synthesis for Policy Makers’, Nairobi: UNEP.
Watters, A., 2013, ‘Top Ed-Tech Trends of 2012: MOOCs’, Available online at: http://hackeducation.com/2012/12/03/top-ed-tech-trends-of-2012-moocs/. Accessed 10 September 2013.
Welsh, D.H.B. and Dragusin, M., 2013, ‘The New Generation of Massive Open Online Course (MOOCS) and Entrepreneurship Education’, Small Business Institute® Journal, 9 (1), 51-65.